Thank goodness the Canadians thought ahead. If she didn't have that design for her boiler, she would of definitely be destroyed in a massive explosion. Thanks for your input!

1278's boiler is riveted. You can clearly see this when touring Age of Steam Roundhouse and seeing 1278's boiler, as she is stored without jacketing. Only 2 of the CP G5's (1216 and 1231) featured welded boilers. If you read the NTSB's Accident Report on the GETY 1278 incident, the staybolt design allowed the firebox to "progressively fail", i.e., do exactly what it did during the Gettysburg incident. It was the button-head staybolts that were quite literally made to fail in those situations, not the boiler itself, that kept Gettysburg from being much worse (and possibly deadly). Sorry, I hate to be a know-it-all here but there is so much misinformation flying around on this video that people are going to start believing some of the innaccuracies.

@@Thunderbolt_1000_Siren hey thunderbolt, can you do the Santiago de compostella high speed rail disaster in july?

@@bmptrainz7980 Most of the G-5's had riveted boiler barrels, wrappers, and mudrings but the firebox was welded. The button headed staybolts were NOT made to fail, the firebox was designed in such a way that the type of stays used were alternated and staggered, 5 rows of button headed stays, then 5 rows of flush stays that were seal welded, then back to button, etc. This pattern went across the full length of the crown. The theory being the seal welded flush stays would let go first in a low water situation, and the button head stays would hold up the rest of the sheet resulting in a slow, progressive failure that would allow steam to escape in a semi-controlled manner through the holes left by the Flush stays instead of failing all at once. This will gradually depressurize the boiler, and avoid a full explosion. In the case of conventional fireboxes with ALL button headed or peened over stays, it would have ended in a boiler launch. This unique firebox construction is the reason why 1278 had no fusible plugs. It sucks that the firebox's failure mode theory was proven on such an Iconic Engine to Early Steam Excursions in the US at Steamtown and the High Iron Company, and my personal favorite Engine (especially when she was dressed up as 127) but the Crown Sheet failed in the way her boiler designers had expected in that case. It should have never happened in the first place, but it certainly could have been much worse and many more people would have been hurt or killed if she wasn't designed the way she was.

@@steamandsmoke97 In a scenario like the one at Gettysburg the staybolts were precisely made to fail. They were intended to fail in stages instead of all at once, creating a catastrophic release of pressure. Read the NTSB report, it says it right in there that the planned-failure of those staybolts is what kept damage and injuries from being much much worse.

*proceeds to clean out every game console and game I have*

@@thereallincolntakanashi lol

Even your 1500 ton steam engine? Lol

Definitely! Getting scalded is a bad way to die.

Are you a kid too

Feel awful for those poor guys

Poor guys were almost killed !

Why are we talking like this ?

Well when the alternative is *death*...

@@scottl.1568 Yes, death would technically be worse, but at the time, the pain and suffering that person will be going thru is so immense that death could seem like a better option.

Its very hard to find people experienced in steam locomotives today they are either dead or very old the last new American steam locomotive was built like 1953 !

Bud I have some devastating news for you about the general public and their cars

@@Ineptus_Mechanicus came here to say the exact thing. We drive multiton vehicles of death and some barely know to check their tire pressure.

@@Sparkfly88 nothing is more baffling/absurd to me that some people who drive don't even know how to replace their air filter or spark plugs. Never had the thought till recently. And some people don't think they need to signal/yield..? 😭 What are you doing, do you not understand what you're doing/what's happening when you get in a car 😂

Lack of investment unfortunately

I’m thinking the same thing

Me 2 Saber. Me 2

I was hoping someone had said this, it brought so much nostalgia it was crazy.

Yes

Ikr, I heard it and was like "Is that the zombies theme from black ops"

those decals are on ebay-got a few for my stuff!!

“THIS MACHINE WANTS TO CRUSH AND MANGLE YOU, AND MAY AMUSE ITSELF BY NOT KILLING YOU AFTER TURNING YOU INTO A CRIPPLE!!” - a more realistic warning sign. Should have been on the robot that started up while a maintenance guy was working on it. “LOCK OUT AND TAG OUT!” and don't give your padlock key to anyone. Let the next shift guy put his own padlock on it. Then take yours off and put it in your pocket.

Ok now that's hilarious. This should be in more vehicles and machines than you'd think

Thunderbolt 1000 Siren Productions Fancy catching you 16 seconds on the fly. Nice video btw dude.

@@Thunderbolt_1000_Siren what's that music at the end of the video

Chris Jones Usually a comedy of errors, similar to airliner crashes. One thing leads to another.

Often a whole 🚆 of errors, if any one of which had not happened, the bad thing wouldn't have happened.

@@algrayson8965 why the inquiry is so interesting

Yes, that’s true. In fact that’s why I was born.

A similar story with the collings foundation b-17 air crash. A culture of undertrained maintenance and willingness to proceede with faulty equipment.

Even as just an ex-Loco Cleaner on the NNR and BVR, and _very_ briefly a Penrhyn fireman: same thoughts here.

For what it's worth, you can't be too careful about much of anything with steam under pressure... Just a damn pressure cooker's enough to blast a hole in the ceiling with no more than beans in it... Jam a water-heater's release valve and it can destroy an entire house in the "launch"... It's not likely anymore... BUT it's happened in the past... AND a buddy of mine got a mail-ordered "miniature donkey engine" he could assemble and operate on a table-top... It would do small tasks, with about the amount of torque and speed of a 1.5 HP Electric Motor... and he ran the boiler hot and dry, and blew out the front gallery window and wall to his house... wrecked the living room and about half the porch... I can remember him running and screaming and swearing out the back door of his house just before it went... ...and luckily, nobody else was home at the time... Never laughed so hard in my life as when I overheard his conversation with dispatch (911) over how and why he needed fire and rescue... AND the first words exchanged when his wife and kids showed up about a half hour later... ;o)

@@gnarthdarkanen7464 did he turn single that day?

@@SonsOfLorgar No... BUT there was certainly a "Come to Jesus Meeting" that carried on at high decibels in their yard for a while... Luckily, he didn't outright destroy the house, and the worst of the damage was to that front gallery and porch, so it was imminently fixable... She'd known he was a tad "hair-brained" when they first started dating, so it's not like this was entirely "out of nowhere" for him, either... BUT he'll be watching p's and q's for years to come... and it's not going to take away from my entertainment in overhearing their usual conversations. ;o)

The engineers don't wave from the trains anymore, not like they did back in 1954.

The kind of age I grew up with if I'm honest. I'm quite old school :P

Same here in NZ

same in Germany

Good

This here is America! we like big booms! Just kidding, I’m actually interested in seeing how that works.

British steam locomotives over American ones any time, they're prettier too 😢

It is also an example of "if anything CAN go wrong, sooner or later it will".

@@smitajky- 100% neglect and incompetence.

Yep, one outfit's carelessness caused a lot of hardship for every other tourist railroad.

It's a "belt and braces" matter IMO - there were multiple points of failure and even though the crew were not properly trained, the disaster would probably not have occured if the operating guages hadn't been removed. You should _not_ operate any machinery, and _certainly not_ in the proximity of the public/ customers, with inoperative or removed gauges - gauges are _not_ there for decoration, _ever!_

You are so correct your statement has been repeated a countless number of times it all comes down to companies refusing to spend money on maintenance

Thankfully, the Age of Steam Roundhouse plans on fully restoring her at some point.

She does deserve better and I really think there are enough of us who love them that it would be too much work to get volunteers to take the project on. The expense would be parts... And even at that, how many people have connections to get things done. I am also a major WW2 Aviation person and am part of the volunteer call list for historical airplanes. Don't want a dime... Just love the planes and being part of the history.

@@greggarner4477 Keep up the great dedication, fellow lover of the beasts that wreaked havoc in the skies from 1939-1945.

I was waiting for some else to make this comment haha

That would be for nukes duh

And that's how zombies became popular...

Hey it's serious side😐😶

Black Ops Theme the Best one🙃

Thousands of people are still "trained for steam" the problem is that there are those who believe that it is a simple machine and behave accordingly. It is not simple. It is easier to design a diesel-electric locomotive than a good steam locomotive which explains, in a way, why there are so few good ones. Plenty of adequate, quite a few less than adequate, but good? If you are wanting a design which includes the best of mechanical design combined with best thermodynamic practice you will be looking for a very long time. There were steps along the way, some designs were produced but little or nothing was built.

@@DeCasoU1- The most efficient designs of railway steam locomotives used water tube boilers similar to ones used on ships and power plants. Unfortunately water tube boilers do not as well under varying loads and do not withstand the heavy shocks of railway operation, so they never became popular.

William schlenger so you’re saying a vertical boiler is an inherently safer design ??? I thought the horizontal boiler was a more efficient design

This was directed to tugiron chief

@@algrayson8965 The most efficient steam locomotives were built by Andre Chapelon and Livio Dante Porta . With not a water tube boiler in sight.

NASA even has a thing about it, it is a a good lesson for planning, managing, safety, and why rules exist!

"The better care you take of your tools, then the better care your tools will take of you." ~ my High School Auto-Tech' Teacher, Mr. Grady ;o)

Repent to Jesus Christ ““I am the vine; you are the branches. If you remain in me and I in you, you will bear much fruit; apart from me you can do nothing.” ‭‭John‬ ‭15:5‬ ‭NIV‬‬

You can read the entire NTSB report online. It’s sadly fascinating

Trust me. It is very easy for the abnormal to become the normal. I have seen it happen quite a bit in my 23 years on the railroad

‘a cow choking on a trumpet’ WORD CHOICE 100 (not making fun just a joke)

I had a loose heat shield rattling under my car for 6 months. I got so used to it that it seemed weird for a few days after it was fixed to actually not have it rattling. You just get used to it.

People in general aren't taught to recognize the unique differences between sounds of steam engines, let alone identify fatal problems. If you're not an engineer who really knows the subject, nobody believes you'd be the guy who saved the day.

It's a good thing AND a bad thing that people get used to ANYTHING. It's a good thing because it makes them survive through times of war/disaster/human loss, it's a bad thing because all abnormalities become normal after some time.

A man of culture I see. I remember being shown that when working with the mines.

@@davidharing6475 thats so cool!

hey ... you can still do you singing about trains. After all, Arlo Guthrie had a big hit about one ...

13:25 “Shtricter inshpection”

piston broke

"Blitzkrieg"-- Blitzkrieg 1973. I Type that, because, Blitzkrieg was running, on all Eight, in 1973 and it is the same year my Mom had a Backdraft, thus, i was born.

I wrote this and then saw this I’m sorry

I have fallen and i can't reach my keg godzilla had a stroke trying to read this and fucking died

I can’t find any info on this one, which radio presenter was it? Steamranger is an accident waiting to happen, as much as it’s such a big part of my childhood I really don’t see it’s viability in the next few years- the tracks are unmaintained, half the locos are sitting in the yard and in sheds doing piss all (even though many of them like the old STA rail car locos are ready for service) and overall I think it needs a big overhaul. I can’t comment on the condition of the locos, visually and audibly they look and sound fine (haven’t been through in over a year however) but I unfortunately don’t see it continuing later than the next 5-10 years.

@@jnthepassenger347 Surprisingly, I can't find anything about it either. If I remember right, it happened sometime in the mid to late 1980's between Mt. Barker and Strathalbyn. Can't remember if there were two or three deaths, but I do recall several people in the cab had to jump for their lives while the driver stayed on to be sure the train stopped, so the passengers would be safe.

How does blowing the glass work?

@@smolboy1237 there's a vent valve at the bottom that just blows it out to atmosphere

Boiler (firebox) failed, so yes explosion although by design controlled. The sudden dumping of water flashing to steam on the fire caused it to backdraft into the cab. This has also happened in Australia when a fusible plug failed.

This was NOT a back draft! A back draft occurs when a fire is starved for oxygen, and suddenly gets it from an unexpected source, causing the fire to violently erupt. This incident was a partial failure of the crown sheet (the roof of the firebox) due to the steel crown sheet overheating when there was not sufficient water covering it. The excessive heat on the bare crown sheet softened it, allowing it to buckle downward into the firebox. As it buckled, it tore away from the stay bolts that support it, allowing the steam from the boiler to escape explosively into the firebox. The reasons for the insufficient water level are covered in detail in his presentation. I only wish he had cited the changes to steam locomotives mandated by the FRA and NTSB as a result of the incident

The 3 replies that precede mine are more correct than the video script. NOT a boiler explosion, NOT a backdraft. Hearsay at the time was wildly incorrect (I lived in Biglerville), largely because the people speaking and listening did not have the knowledge or vocabulary. Explosive, yes, in that flames and extreme heat moved extremely rapidly, pushed by steam pressure, but not an explosion. The flame and heat movement looked and acted similar to a backdraft because it moved swiftly and spread out, and flared up , but it was not truely a backdraft (fire where combustion has been constrained due to meager oxygen rushes toward a new source of abundant oxygen with devastating speed and effect). The crown sheet was partially exposed and part of it failed, but it did not rupture or "blow"; both are catastrophic and deadly, differing only in extent of damage. The boiler did not explode, but it did not remain intact and lost integrity while under pressure.

@Paul Zeigler He died 9 years later of a heart condition. But the heart condition could be related to the burns.

XD

[pop] *steam shutters out*

Lol

he exaggerates boiler explosions. They cannot level a city block (unless that block is very small) typically a boiler explosion will just kill the crew and anyone close by (or unlucky enough to get hit by shrapnel)

Gotta love tactical boilers

The engineers don't wave from the trains anymore, not like they did back in 1954.

No no no nnnnooooooooooooooooo no shed 17 not again not here no

oh no

Thomas Burk lol (breakfast)

Walker Dalton I feel like whenever I comment, someone always says something about the profile picture

Thomas Burk same

I felt nostalgic when I heard it haha

@Simon Read maybe

Underrated comment. You win

Nice XD

Thomas had never seen such bullshit

James let off steam and let out a small shower of water. 1278 nearly killed a few people.

Luckily no one was hurt

OwO

ha ha .. "authentic" - based on what ???

@@rhuephus they're not based on anything. They are actual locomotives that were used in something freight around on narrow gauge coal yards.

Lol

It’s a steam locomotive, not a man

@@trainguy611 ik

@@trainguy611 a Locomotive of any kind can have a male or a female personality, it depends on the locomotive. This hole "every Locomotive is a she" is very silly to me.

2718 : 1278!!!!!! ARE YOU OKAY!?!?!

Actually, the issue was Chernobyl was running at too low power. Nuclear physics doesn't always follow conventional logic.

Glad you enjoyed!

@@Thunderbolt_1000_Siren Mr siren production I feel bad for locomotive 1278 and I am very angry at the crew that they are not been trained probably and too it really hurts my heart that 1278 suffers a backtrath explosion it really does but why they haven't fixed 1278's firebox crounsheet yet I'm seriously anxious I only want to see her running back to steam again that's all I want to see her.

Technically the speach was given on a section of battle field that would later become the cemetery.

Correct (Biglerville and Gettysburg is my backyard and I grew up here)

That is correct.

I think he meant to say Lincoln arrived at that station to give the Address

You are not nitpicking. The video is completely wrong in stating that.

r/ihadastroke

Dyslexia wor the fin

Spoonerism ftw

That was some funny shit. I'd have re-done that take...

@@stepansoukup8571 😂

Lack of funds to keep supporting 3254 and other equipment. Not only that I caught 3254 10yrs ago during memorial day weekend before retried in 2012

Even worse is that they parted out 3377, which had been outshopped by CN shortly before retirement and had less than 5,000 miles on the overhaul and was in beautiful mechanical shape, to keep 3524 running over the years. So really, two locomotives got screwed over by 3524.

@@TheD1CT4T0R- Good to see that NC&StL Ry. ALCO J-3 576 4-8-4 is, after being a pigeon latrine for 67 years is now under a complete overhaul. Amazingly it looks like the boiler, after a thorough descaling, will pass inspection for full pressure (250 psi). All of the major equipment is at least in overhaulable condition. Plans are to pull excursions on the Nashville & Eastern RR (former Tennessee Central Ry.) between Nashville and Cookeville or Monterey, Tn. where the N&E RR track ends.

@@TheD1CT4T0R ?

@@joeyknight8272 Steamtown USA had bought CN 3377, another Canadian National S-1 Mikado, in 1969 and it was in excellemy shape. But in transit to Bellows Falls copper thieves stole a lot of the fittings and jewelry and so Steamtown never restored it to operation. Then, over the years they've robbed the lead and trailing trucks, tender and other parts off it to keep 3254 going. From what I've heard, the machining marks are still present on the bearing surfaces, it has that few miles on it. One rumor is that they're going to swap the parts back to #3377 and return her to operation and then put the old parts back on #3254 and leave her as a display piece

The Moz Stop motion, Exploration and Reinactments me too

Ya

I have a gut feeling about too

Yep

what? there is no video of it

Right

Yeah lol. A well maintained train would have made it with many more cars up the hill

Unless you know the actual loading of the train and the grades on the line, you can't possibly say that. (Though, from the other evidence, 1278 was very poorly maintained. I feel sorry for her).

Sounds like it wasn’t maintained. It had many gauges removed and I seriously doubt they EVER opened the nose to clean the boiler tubes.

@@PrivateMcPrivate If you really knew what you were talking about, you would not refer to a locomotive as a train.

Nothing like the smell of a steam train!

Are the womerns there in Biglerville bigguns?

B I G L E R V I L L E

@@amare65 yes! Ugly too

That's normal for a steamer to do that. Means she's working hard.

Might cover some of them if there's enough information.

Thunderbolt 1000 Siren Productions also I think the Texas State Railroad accident was in July 6th 2007, because in that one video of the accident it was said that it was July 6th 2007. And I also think maybe that Royal Gorge train conductor accident was in May 28th of 2016. Because in that Tomo News video about the accident it said it was Saturday was the day the accident had happened. Because that video that it was uploaded was uploaded in May 30th 2016.

I remember the Royal Gorge accident quite well. I grew up riding that train.

Ryan’s Colorado Rail Productions yeah. I had went to the Royal Gorge Route Railroad in 2016. Along with other train rides in Colorado. And even went to New Mexico by the Cumbres & Toltec Scenic Railroad in Chama, New Mexico. I’m going to have my vacation on this summer of 2020 to Texas. And even the Texas State Railroad. Which I’m going to be visiting it in July 3rd 2020. I’m also going to be visiting the Grapevine Vintage Railroad in Grapevine, Texas.

I rode the Royal Gorge Route Railroad in July of 2016. Two months after the accident.

How loud was the explosion?

@@jackdundon2261 not at all. was like a whoosh or a big puff.

Glad you enjoyed! Thanks for the offer to help. I'll let you know if I need additional voices.

allah

he does make the most high quality ones tho

I subscribed to him AND Griffin rails.

@@pennsy6755 Allah is not real.

Never karas stop saying that word please

Thank you very much!

The good news is there's plenty of tourist lines that know what they're doing thankfully.

Thunderbolt 1000 Siren Productions yep is true and if you own a steam locomotive pls care of it because if you don’t this will happen

Yeah Diesel engine is a bit less explodedy when something goes wrong

@@Cpt_Boony_Hat The most that can happen is an engine fire, usually from a blown turbocharger. Gettysburg did also have one of their diesels experience an engine fire only adding on to their lack of maintenance.

@@Cpt_Boony_Hat ?? Try what happends with a brake air reservoir especially the loco's main high pressure one... If you can get access to one, fill it up to normal full pressure (well above 5 bar), make sure that it can't leave (ie dig it down except for the valve, walk away 300 m and shot with a rifle on the reservoir.... The engine starter air is even nicer ....

POP! *WHEESSSSSHHHHH!!!*

I've chased and rode 611 during her visit at Strasburg. It was incredible seeing an engine I always dreamed of seeing but I thought "Oh they'll never let it run anywhere near me" but sure enough they announced that she'd visit Strasburg alongside 475 and my friends all hurried down on the 1st weekend. Even got her "lucky ashes" raining on us while we stood on the observation car right by 611. I also plan one day to take my girlfriend and our future children to these kinds of railroads especially New Hope to see 40 (Cause that was my childhood seeing that triumphant little 2-8-0) I'm sure you're father will be proud of you. Not sure of 611's current location but trust me she's gonna be active for quite a while.

The engineers don't wave from the trains anymore, not like they did back in 1954.

are you referring to the big boy

It won't be restored to operation,it's being used as a parts source for 1293.As I understand it,Gettysburg had almost non existent maintenance.Some time before the explosion,1278 had a really bad flue leak,and they ran it anyway (Revelation had a video on this).

@@johnwrigley1624 it is sad that it won’t be returning to service. It is another beautiful steam locomotive. I do hope we won’t have an incident like this again.

I think you might give him nightmares.

Gabriel Harrison , Any large machine that operates on steam is complex and needs daily or more frequent checks and maintained , that's why they require a stationary engineer .

Even then, they were simplified from engineering designs, and had some risks from lack of failsafes.

The Darwin Awards Committee is always looking for new contestants.

We are tomatoes on sticks. The battery-powered drill sitting on the table can seriously injure or kill by a simple mistake.

Tell me about it! I JUST had a near-death experience from which I escaped against the odds. 3 weeks ago I was sitting down at home right after waking up, doing nothing at all, when I suddenly experienced explosive pain in my neck and a massive headache, which turned out to be a subarachnoid brain hemorrhage, literally blood leaking in my brain where it doesn’t belong. This is a critical emergency in which people often die before they even reach the hospital. In my case I thought I just pulled a muscle in my neck real bad, and tried to tough it out, but ended up going to the ER twice in a week. They even gave me a CT scan of my head but didn’t find anything. It wasn’t until I had a follow up visit with my primary doctor the next week, and I told her this whole story, and mentioned that the day before I saw her, I was lying down when I heard it begin raining, the soft sound of drizzle on the windows from the next room over. But then I realized it wasn’t raining at all, and this “water pouring sound” was actually coming from inside my head, and pulsing in rhythm with my heartbeat. That’s when my doctor suddenly became very alarmed and said with everything I described, she’s concerned I might be having a brain aneurysm which is a blood vessel in your brain rupturing and very bad. She picked up the phone to send me IMMEDIATELY for an MRI the same afternoon. After the MRI she calls and says they did find my brain has a small bleed that’s contained but they’re quite concerned it could bleed again except larger and catastrophically because it’s right near the main blood vessel feeding my brain 🧠 . 😳 So she gives me an urgent referral to a neurosurgeon in Milwaukee, who saw me 3 days later. I go in and discuss it with him and he says “There was a mixup in my office, I first learned about you today. If I had known about you on Tuesday (3d earlier), I would have had you come in immediately.” 👀 Then he on-the-spot admitted me to the hospital’s neuroscience wing, and sent me down to Radiology for a CTA scan of my brain. They kept me for 5 days in the hospital (I’ve never been in the hospital before and I’m 39) and ran 5 different types of scans on my brain. Fortunately I am fine and nothing further happened. But wow man they monitored me like hawks, taking my vital signs every 20 minutes at first and doing basic neuro tests (raise each limb, stick your tongue out, squeeze the doctor’s hand, state the date, year, and where you are right now, etc.) and checking me every 2 hours the rest of my stay, even all through the night. I was like wow they are really being cautious for a guy who’s pain and headache have largely disappeared a few days before I arrived.... It wasn’t until a few days after I was discharged that I looked up “subarachnoid hemorrhage” and “vasospasms” that I discovered how serious the situation actually was. The statistics were something like this: 25% of patients die before reaching a hospital. 25% of patients die within the first 24h. 25% of patients suffer permanent brain damage and lifelong disability and may have to relearn basic tasks like how to make tea ☕️ 25% of patients fully recover and life out a full life with no further impact. I know you hear cliches about what it’s like to have a near death experience, but wow let me tell you it’s something you really can’t appreciate until it happens to you. It was the only time I have ever felt scared to die. I felt really upset about the fact I had so much more I planned and expected to do in my life, and now it might end right here? And I have so many hobbies and unbuilt model kits still in the box that I’ve all been planning to build someday. It felt so frustrating and such despair to face the prospect of my life coming to an abrupt premature end right here. I also used to suffer severe depression for years and was very suicidal. Well this near death experience has really given me an eye opening perspective. I definitely feel differently now, about the length of my life, and the fact that my future is never guaranteed. It’s important to do things when you can, and not allow life to slip through your fingers waiting for the perfect time to arrive, because it might never arrive. I definitely, definitely always thought this type of thing only happens “to other people.” Nobody in my family or even extended family has had anything like this happen to them. And the neurosurgeon was perplexed and unable to determine why it happened to me. He was somewhat baffled that I was doing so well and didn’t suffer any apparent damage. (And he did perform the best test - a “formal catheter angiogram” which was a huge production involving a dozen ppl working on me for 2h, inserting a tube in my hip into my femoral artery, and fishing this tube all the way up to my brain 😳 where it releases dye into my blood, so the X Ray will capture images of my brain’s blood vessels, which were really cool to see, it looks like the gnarly trunk of an old tree.)

@@Syclone0044 God was with you that day. I do not believe in "blind luck".