The Life and Death of a Neanderthal (Shanidar 1)

Рет қаралды 1,132,723

Жыл бұрын

Roughly 50,000 years ago, Shanidar 1 aka Nandy walked the earth. What can we say about the life and death of this Neanderthal?
Huge thanks to my generous patrons!
/ stefanmilo
Sources:
Great general source for Neanderthals:
Sykes, Rebecca Wragg. Kindred. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2020.
Shanidar Neanderthals and their injuries:
Trinkaus, Erik, and M. R. Zimmerman. “Trauma among the Shanidar Neandertals.” American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol. 57, no. 1, 1982, pp. 61-76., doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330570108.
Churchill, Steven E., et al. “Shanidar 3 Neandertal Rib Puncture Wound and Paleolithic Weaponry.” Journal of Human Evolution, vol. 57, no. 2, 2009, pp. 163-178., doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2009....
Trinkaus, Erik, and Sébastien Villotte. “External Auditory Exostoses and Hearing Loss in the Shanidar 1 Neandertal.” PLOS ONE, vol. 12, no. 10, 2017, doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.....
Neanderthal Medicine:
Weyrich, Laura S., et al. “Neanderthal Behaviour, Diet, and Disease Inferred from Ancient DNA in Dental Calculus.” Nature, vol. 544, no. 7650, 2017, pp. 357-361., doi.org/10.1038/nature21674.
Cannibalism:
Defleur, Alban R., and Emmanuel Desclaux. “Impact of the Last Interglacial Climate Change on Ecosystems and Neanderthals Behavior at Baume Moula-Guercy, Ardèche, France.” Journal of Archaeological Science, vol. 104, 2019, pp. 114-124., doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2019.01....
Smith, Tanya M., et al. “Wintertime Stress, Nursing, and Lead Exposure in Neanderthal Children.” Science Advances, vol. 4, no. 10, 2018, doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau9483.
Diet:
Martínez Valle, Rafael, et al. “Bird Consumption in the Final Stage of Cova Negra (Xátiva, Valencia).” Quaternary International, vol. 421, 2016, pp. 85-102., doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016....
Evins, Mary A. “The Fauna from Shanidar Cave : Mousterian Wild Goat Exploitation in Northeastern Iraq.” Paléorient, vol. 8, no. 1, 1982, pp. 37-58., doi.org/10.3406/paleo.1982.4308.
Boëda, Eric, et al. “A Levallois Point Embedded in the Vertebra of a Wild Ass (Equus Africanus): Hafting, Projectiles and Mousterian Hunting Weapons.” Antiquity, vol. 73, no. 280, 1999, pp. 394-402., doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x0008....
Henry, Amanda G., et al. “Microfossils in Calculus Demonstrate Consumption of Plants and Cooked Foods in Neanderthal Diets (Shanidar III, Iraq; Spy I and II, Belgium).” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 108, no. 2, 2010, pp. 486-491., doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1016868108.
Gaudzinski-Windheuser, Sabine, et al. “Hunting and Processing of Straight-Tusked Elephants 125.000 Years Ago: Implications for Neanderthal Behavior.” Science Advances, vol. 9, no. 5, 2023, doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add8186.
Art & Symbolism:
Hoffmann, D. L., et al. “U-Th Dating of Carbonate Crusts Reveals Neandertal Origin of Iberian Cave Art.” Science, vol. 359, no. 6378, 2018, pp. 912-915., doi.org/10.1126/science.aap7778.
Jaubert, J., Verheyden, S., Genty, D. et al. Early Neanderthal constructions deep in Bruniquel Cave in southwestern France. Nature 534, 111-114 (2016). doi.org/10.1038/nature18291
New Burial at Shanidar:
www.cam.ac.uk/stories/shanidarz
Artwork by Ettore Mazza
Additional research by Dr. Anna Goldfield
Disclaimer: Use my videos as a rough guide to a topic. I am not an expert, I may get things wrong. This is why I always post my sources so you can critique my work and verify things for yourselves. Of course I aim to be as accurate as possible which is why you will only find reputable sources in my videos. Secondly, information is always subject to changes as new information is uncovered by archaeologists.
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@yargeht Жыл бұрын

Getting increasingly rare to find history content that isn’t voiced by AI being fed their script! Thanks for keeping it real. Subbed

@StefanMilo Жыл бұрын

I know! So many of those channels have sprung up recently. Can confirm I am a human archaeology nerd.

@D-me-dream-smp Жыл бұрын

@@StefanMilo who knows maybe in many thousands of years some version of human will be narrating the imagined life of of a human archeology nerd.

@meowpuddingz Жыл бұрын

@@D-me-dream-smp That’s sad and scary to think about damn 😭

@Lora-M-NY Жыл бұрын

I AGREE yargeht! WHY would anyone looking to build a channel think that would be an asset? Weird! Hi Stefan! I been subbed a looong time. I’m the 🎶 Globby Globby Skull 🎶 lady! 😂 omg that still makes me LoL …and I absolutely love how you have developed your channel and your niche! The interviews you do are with the coolest people, too! Dilly, Wragg-Sykes ….(I originally wrote Ragg~Sykes but, fortunately, I double checked haha!!!)

@Jonesatk Жыл бұрын

Yes! I hate clicking on a history video and hearing a robot voice

@JohnLeePettimoreIII Жыл бұрын

i am retired now, but for just over 30 years, i worked or moonlighted as a bouncer, security, and private bodyguard. in the course of my duties, i received a number of injuries that affect me even to this day. the reason i mention this is that most of my lingering injuries are to the left side of my body, just as the Neanderthal in the beginning of this video. the reason is that most people are right handed. and when confronting these people, that puts their dominant hand on the left side of my body. i'm not saying this was the definitive cause of the injury locations, but it is certainly something to consider.

@MrHarumakiSensei 6 ай бұрын

Good point.

@JohnLeePettimoreIII 6 ай бұрын

@@MrHarumakiSensei thank you. while it is only speculation on my uneducated part, it does seem to pass the "does it make sense" filter.

@OceanusHelios 6 ай бұрын

It's difficult to say if Neanderthals were left or right handed. Using scientific rigor we can't say for certain. They are a sub species just as we are, but for all we actually know they could have been ambidextrous.

@AdwaithJayakrishnan 4 ай бұрын

wow! thank you for sharing this! i really hope Stefan would've seen your comment!

@MrHarumakiSensei Ай бұрын

@@JohnLeePettimoreIII I've done a lot of martial arts, and injuries clearly accumulated more on my left side over time. So that's at least one more data point that supports your idea.

@MarkDavidIrwin 9 ай бұрын

It's miraculous to imagine what would go through Nandy's mind & heart if somehow he could know that so many thousands of years later, his descendants would be learning about him & caring about his experiences, & grateful to him for weathering all he did.

@spankynater4242 7 ай бұрын

Not really. He would not be able to grasp what was going on. He's no frozen caveman lawyer.

@ketobin1896 7 ай бұрын

Lovely comment i couldn't agree more

@angeloalvarez5520 3 ай бұрын

I think Neanderthals are like a brother species. But I understand the sentiment and agree

@chopsyoutube 2 ай бұрын

@@angeloalvarez5520well the fact that most people outside of africa carry 1-2% of neanderthal dna within our genomes, its reasonable to call us his descendants.

@angeloalvarez5520 2 ай бұрын

@@chopsyoutube yeah there were definitely sapiens who came from a neander father at times, because we know they bred with each other

@patrickodonnell5912 Жыл бұрын

This is what I think of when people say, "Your ancestors have done so much just for you to be right where you at" . He survived such a horrific life. He adapted

@deadore 8 ай бұрын

But he’s not your ancestor

@Miniochoa341 7 ай бұрын

@@deadorehe is? neandertals have been breed out of existence thanks to our direct ancestors (also killed but whatever)

@5-es4mn 7 ай бұрын

She

@spankynater4242 7 ай бұрын

You don't know if he reproduced.

@RyanJones-ew8vm 7 ай бұрын

@@deadoreof course he is you donut, we are all related around the world 😂

@semaj_5022 Жыл бұрын

Man, your videos were always good, but they've gotten to the point of something I'd expect from a major budget documentary from the glory days of television, yet even more nuanced, enjoyable and educational. I'm so glad to have found this channel.

@anthonyproffitt5341 Жыл бұрын

Better to be honest.

@bunnybgood411 Жыл бұрын

I just found this channel and subscribed. I love paleoanthropology.

@plotinuswashere Жыл бұрын

yeah, he's come a long way from the plastic spoon days

@markryan5948 Жыл бұрын

I miss the plastic spoon tbh

@goborbobor4851 Жыл бұрын

@@markryan5948 me too. I never forget a video with him sitting in the woods, talking to spoon surrounded by human skulls. What a sight it would have been to meet him.

@steampunkerjoe Жыл бұрын

So proud of how far Mr. Milo has come. Thank you!!!

@vitorgodoy8711 Жыл бұрын

Couldn't agree more. The channel was already amazing from the start, but it only gets better! I'm always waiting for new videos.

@waynesworldofsci-tech Жыл бұрын

Stefan does a great job. His videos are a joy to watch.

@themyceliumnetwork Жыл бұрын

agreed! but it's been a really long time since he has said "Boinkfest"

@steampunkerjoe Жыл бұрын

@@themyceliumnetwork hahahaha!!!! Ahhh that was great!!!

@adamlane6453 Жыл бұрын

I'm proud of how far Shanidar has come.

@owencarow2344 Жыл бұрын

I had a chance to visit Shanidar cave and I was struck by the temperature difference once you step inside. From sweltering summer heat to cool and shady, and even downright cold in the inner grotto. It really made it click why early humans would take refuge there.

@janosik47 Жыл бұрын

I think it was very cold back then when this Neanderthal lived so it had to be hard to live in this cave even with fire burning inside the cave.

@terryhunt2659 Жыл бұрын

@@janosik47 Not necessarily. Temperatures underground (which a deep cave in a high cliff essentially is) vary much less than temperatures in the open, so in Winter the ambient temperature inside the cave was and is likely to be warmer than outside, just as it was/is cooler than the outside in Summer. The Shanidar Neanderthals have been dated to between 65,000 and 35,000 years ago. This falls within the Würm glacial period, which is thought to have been mild, and the climate of the East Mediterranean coast would have been moderated by the Sea, so it would have been markedly less cold than elsewhere, and of course Humans (in which I include Neanderthals) thrived worldwide in this period.

@lessforloans 10 ай бұрын

8:20 it is unreal the amount of weather manipulation that goes on world wide. Look at that chemtrail. And no this isn’t tinfoil hat stuff anymore. There is plenty of evidence and it’s even talked about and agencies have names.

@elifaktas8128 Жыл бұрын

You’re my comfort person. When I feel stressed and overstimulated, I put my headphones on and watch your videos over and over and over again. There’s something about your voice and your knowledge that calms me down so fast. I’m so happy that you make KZfaq videos. I’m grateful for you mr Milo.

@BulldogBallerina 6 ай бұрын

I have to heartily agree. Thank you for not being screechy to speaking too fast. Love your presentations.

@r-d_oh_dubb_gg7748 4 ай бұрын

Me too

@avalinah 9 күн бұрын

Me too

@klatie256 Жыл бұрын

That painting of the neanderthal woman cradling the head of her homo sapiens partner as their child plays with his father took my breath away. Such kindness, tenderness, and love is a primal and ancient part of our shared lineage. It is as beautiful as it is fierce, but most of all, it is deeply human.

@evelynfakira5612 10 ай бұрын

Deeply mammalian I believe

@Thor-Orion 10 ай бұрын

@@evelynfakira5612I don’t know, friend. There are mammals that aren’t very social creatures.

@spankynater4242 7 ай бұрын

Right up to the point where they ate each other.

@charlottem162 4 ай бұрын

How would you know?

@bushwhackeddos.2703 2 ай бұрын

Commie propaganda

@J_LorraineK Жыл бұрын

I love the humanity you weave into your documentaries about humanity.🌼

@shortscenes9338 Жыл бұрын

Fantasy, you mean.

@shortscenes9338 Жыл бұрын

@@J_LorraineK There wasn't any cited research. Just a bunch of speculation based on a skeleton for which no actual provenance was provided.

@shortscenes9338 Жыл бұрын

@@J_LorraineK Okay. That Neanderthal guy was surrounded by people who loved him. Happy now?

@josephpostma1787 Жыл бұрын

@@shortscenes9338 Do you mean that he is weaving in lots of speculation?

@shortscenes9338 Жыл бұрын

@@josephpostma1787 It's fantasy, rather than speculation. A lot of archaeology and anthropology is fantasy. This video typifies that situation. The motivation behind that situation is personal insanity, general academic vanity, research grants, and the politics of the day.

@aschles503 Жыл бұрын

Your content is so thorough and so breathtakingly interesting. I don't have much, but here's some thanks to keep you making content. I appreciate it so much, you have no idea.

@YouTuber-my2ky Жыл бұрын

I frequently donate 10s and 20s. I am sure he will appreciate it!

@alexmasak7735 Жыл бұрын

@@KZfaqr-my2ky he doesn't even bother responding and saying thank you. He probably just thinks you guys are suckers and dumb. Oh well hopefully I'm wrong about that

@alexism1445 Жыл бұрын

🙌🙌🙌

@katherandefy 9 ай бұрын

Yes because in school all this was so needlessly controversial and we did not get to learn about it. Plus as time moves on more discoveries come to light.

@lilykatmoon4508 Жыл бұрын

The character of Creb from the Clan of the Cave Bear was based on this skeleton. In this narrative he was attacked by a bear in childhood and became a powerful shaman. So, that was Jean Auel’s story around his skeleton.

@iluvtacos1231 10 ай бұрын

I didnt know that, that's really cool!

@doubletrouble2022 10 ай бұрын

I was just about to post that the narrator should stop calling Creb "Nandi" as a joke when I saw this comment. I immediately made the connection without knowing this. Jean was brilliant with that series....

@mouseandryforever6848 7 ай бұрын

I would've guessed Mog-ur

@MrHarumakiSensei 6 ай бұрын

Creb was supposed to be older than 40, wasn't he?

@TheDalisama Ай бұрын

@@MrHarumakiSensei No, Creb was a bit older, but Iza died at 26. He wouldn't have been past his mid 30s. It was shown in the books that the Clan don't live as long as the Others. TBF, Iza died from Tuberculosis and not old age.

@basilbrushbooshieboosh5302 Жыл бұрын

Not being physically 100%, Nandi was possibly a superior logistician, or knew great recipes, or told great stories, or knew medicines or treatments, or was a fire guru, the brains behind the tribe in a hundred different ways. We won't know.

@MrButtwipe102 Жыл бұрын

Or he was really, really funny.

@basilbrushbooshieboosh5302 Жыл бұрын

@@MrButtwipe102 Totally

@avinamerkur1484 Жыл бұрын

why should the cripple be wise? Wouldnt he be worth enoth for you without some perk to the family?

@sterkar99 Жыл бұрын

@@avinamerkur1484 do you think he wouldn't feel the need to add to the lives of the people who cared for him somehow? Wouldn't you? Are you just a snowflake who's good enough exactly the way he is?

@therat1117 Жыл бұрын

@@avinamerkur1484 Yeah, but he'd probably also get bored sitting around the cave all day and find something to do. We're just humanising the old guy. I personally like to think he enjoyed fishing.

@jamesrussell7760 Жыл бұрын

Stefan, your wonderful story telling brought Nandy back to life. I've enjoyed your story telling for quite some time now and each new story is richer than those you told before. Thank you very much.

@gregorynixon2945 Жыл бұрын

Only problem is that stories so easily fall into hyperbole.

@jamesrussell7760 Жыл бұрын

@@gregorynixon2945 Stefan's stories? Great balls of fire, Greg! Stefan goes out of his way to include disclaimers where the evidence is weak. Hyperbole? At the risk of hyperbole, myself, you astound me.

@gregorynixon2945 Жыл бұрын

@@jamesrussell7760 Astound you? In this case his "disclaimers" were betrayed by his enthusiastic embrace of the heartwarming genius of Neanderthal. Maybe you feel the irrational urge to be so "inclusive" of our outlying relative that you're willing to speculate beyond what the evidence actually reveals (like so many others), but I didn't think Stefan would. Being a skeptic until proved otherwise seems to me just rational critical thinking to me. There's been so many historical and prehistorical political correct paradigm shifts, that I maintain the intellectual, artistic, and spiritual prowess of H. neanderthalensis has been greatly exaggerated in the name of inclusivity. Otherwise, I'm a big fan of Stefan's. At least he stood up to those who denied our darling Neanderthals could have ever been cannibals.

@mad555555 Жыл бұрын

@@gregorynixon2945 nope. Nothing he says is hyperbole. He makes sure that he chooses his words very carefully because the science can always change with new information. You need to listen to his words more carefully.

@jamesrussell7760 Жыл бұрын

@@gregorynixon2945 Alright, you disagree with Stefan regarding the Neanderthals. Indeed, it appears that you subscribe to the original assessment of a hulking, bipedal ape and reject the more informed picture of a close relative of H. sapiens - so close that a hybrid was reproductively fertile - because of "prehistorical political correct paradigm shifts". The fact that 2-4% of our genome came from Neanderthals is pretty strong evidence that H. sapiens, circa ~40K years ago, probably considered them a bit strange but undeniably human. Hell, a Connecticut yankee could say the same about a Mississippi redneck. I agree that being a skeptic until proven otherwise is probably one of the most important tenets of the scientific method. But it is just as important to keep an open mind.

@charliebeareuwu Жыл бұрын

I think we often underestimate how intelligent and cultured pre-historical people were. They probably would know how to tourniquet his arm with a strip of leather and to apply pressure for bleeding control, which is perhaps how they could successfully amputate his arm. Also, I imagine they probably would have decorated their clothes to some extent. They might have access to a few dyes, for example, or at least decorated their clothes with markings and atains

@woutervanlent5181 10 ай бұрын

" decorated their clothes to some extent " Interesting theory ! In order to get help from the gods ?

@blanco7726 8 ай бұрын

@@woutervanlent5181represent their clan in a multi group context?

@spankynater4242 7 ай бұрын

It's all conjecture. It's just as likely that he held his stump because it hurt, which stopped the bleeding, and he eventually healed.

@sp3ctr0ph0bia 3 ай бұрын

you dont stop such a huge cut from bleeding just by holding it, he wouldve bled out

@charliebeareuwu 3 ай бұрын

@@sp3ctr0ph0bia dude I’m an EMT I know a few things about first aid :p Firstly it wouldn’t just be with pressure, I’m sure early man knew that if you wrapped something around a limb very, very tightly it severely constricts bleeding. The bigger issue would be infection, but they would likely have stronger immune systems and some kind of herbal medicine. That wouldn’t make his chances great, but better than nothing

@5am.robert5 5 ай бұрын

8 videos in a row, this one brought a tear to my eye. You really made me feel for Nandy, bless him. Being a florist, I love the idea of flowers being used to show love and respect after death going back as far our past may have started. Peace and love

@sgtflashback5442 Жыл бұрын

You have such a knack for bringing the past alive while sticking firmly to the evidence you present. Oh to travel back with a time machine. So fascinating. And as much entertaining as educating. Thank you for your enthusiasm.

@dannybrown5744 Жыл бұрын

Would it not be grand to have a conversation at that hearth?

@casteretpollux Жыл бұрын

A solitary wolf walking with humans? A pet? I knew a professional tiler with a forearm missing: fastest and most skilled tiler I ever saw, who made great use of his stump. I don't think too many assumptions can be made. Thanks for lovely video.

@jessestreet2549 Жыл бұрын

modern hunter gatherer children are known to make pets out of anything that walks, flies or crawls. neandertal children probably weren't much different.

@jonni2317 Жыл бұрын

maybe less pet and more traveling companion?

@louiechidwick6034 Жыл бұрын

I think if you could interview that family and ask them about the wolf, they would say that it is just always there following them at a distance everywhere they went and sometimes the children would throw it some scraps as a carcass was being butchered by the adults. Without a pack to help it hunt a lone wolf will need to change it's tactics and become an opportunist feeder. Wolves are highly intelligent and will quickly adapt to a situation that is profitable for them.

@jgrandson5651 Жыл бұрын

Beaches are a great place to find tracks and know which animals live nearby. Its very common to find tracks following eachother (otters and foxes for example). I think the reason for this can be better explained because: 1) that path is the easiest to walk trough, 2) they are naturally curious animals (my footprints would be there too, out of curiosity), 3) they are looking for similar resources, or 4) just because beaches are not very wide. Thinking that this case was a wolf domestication event by neanthertals is quite biassed, nobody would think otters are domesticating foxes...

@kimberlywalker_ Жыл бұрын

@@louiechidwick6034And that's how we got dogs. Basically.

@susanlilley-rizos9906 Жыл бұрын

Your videos are not just educational they’re very entertaining. You make the neanderthal people come to life with the most interesting stories. I love your videos.

@woutervanlent5181 10 ай бұрын

I was thinking the same . Milo brings them indeed to life

@NatJuno Жыл бұрын

I recently read an article about the discovery of a skeleton discovered in Borneo. This person had lost their foot. But the way the tibia and fibula fused together at the end clearly showed that they had undergone surgery and lived for years afterward. This was 31000 years ago. It's incredible. I love these kinds of findings because they display ingenuity and compassion of humanity when we'd rather think of the people of the past as only barbaric. Without our ingenuity and compassion we'd have gone extinct long ago. I love prehistory because the humanity is so apparent. We dont get details of who or what or the story isnt distorted by who survived and how the survivors remembered it (though thats a lot of fun too), we get what we get and then the imagination runs wild. We see that people are always people and understand ourselves more as a species.

@jameswright4640 Жыл бұрын

Thank you very much for all of your videos. I love watching them, and whenever a new one pops up I get super excited. Thank you!

@fleetskipper1810 Жыл бұрын

Can you tell me how to make a donation like yours on KZfaq? I’ve never been able to figure out house. Thank you.

@kennarajora6532 Жыл бұрын

I never knew this was a feature before.

@ivoryphoenix7 Жыл бұрын

@@fleetskipper1810 On mobile there is a “Thanks” button near the other buttons (Like, Subscribe, etc.) under the video.

@TheErikjsm Жыл бұрын

@@fleetskipper1810 there is a little button called "thanks" under the channel name atleast on phone. cant imagine it would be much diffirent on pc though

@ThisHandleFeatureIsStupid Жыл бұрын

@@TheErikjsm Confirmed as available on PC. It's in the drop-down menu below the right side of the video window...same place you'd add a video to a playlist, or report a user, etc.

@jgrandson5651 Жыл бұрын

I love how Nandy the inmortal scaped death once again. Being found by archeologists that will preserve his remains and tell his story for who knows how long.

@skystar231 7 ай бұрын

I'm suicidal. While watching this i thought 2 myself that if they could survive, i could too

@sonyavincent7450 7 ай бұрын

Stay here, Skystar. You'll be on the other side when it's your time. Remember, you're here because you asked to come. ❤

@robertlarson7224 Жыл бұрын

You are definitely one of the best paleoanthropologist channels today. Television could not hope to capture the passion and humanity you weave into these stories of our shared human past. Thank you for another incredible video.

@AncientArchitects Жыл бұрын

The amount of work you’ve put into this is incredible. The original art is amazing too. Well done 👏

@chugbunga1665 Жыл бұрын

literal ai crap

@grantluper5168 Жыл бұрын

@@chugbunga1665 ???? the artist is literally in the discription

@anthonyp3113 Жыл бұрын

I love these honest discussions. It's not often KZfaqrs allow us into their personal lives and yet time after time Mr. Milo teaches us the history of his close family. Marvelous.

@HistoryTime Жыл бұрын

Banger!

@MimiPabimi 4 ай бұрын

3 likes😭

@leviwhatever6192 Жыл бұрын

Your video composition has really advanced significantly in these last few years. Very well done.

@choggy4214 Жыл бұрын

Hooray! Stefan, we get your book as a birthday present for most of my kids' friends. It's always a hit!

@equinoxproject2284 Жыл бұрын

Hey hey hey. I get listen to Stefan while I prepare dinner for the family. Makes it so much more enjoyable.

@NamesOfTheHare Жыл бұрын

It's incredible to reflect on Nandy's life, thank you so much! I sat here for a while just contemplating the vivid imagery of the Neanderthal children on the beach with a wolf tracking slowly behind, staring out the window thinking about what could have caused the cannibal-cave event, sipping tea while hypothesising what kind of hyperviolent event could have caused his injuries... And then I deleted TikTok from my phone.

@robertbrownm Жыл бұрын

Amazing work! Great use of artwork to paint a more vivid picture. What a gruesome existence they lived. Thanks for always bringing us back to our collective roots.

@StefanMilo Жыл бұрын

Micky! Thank you brother

@DavidPierceCHT Жыл бұрын

Outstanding work, Mr. Milo. Such a viscerally satisfying piece. Accessible and educational. You brought them to life without maudlin theatrics. So very relatable.

@JHaven-lg7lj Жыл бұрын

Agreed, wonderful video

@tribaltalker1608 Жыл бұрын

Comprehensive referencing with honest, nuanced and humble commentary... Amazingly good quality. And yes, I'm a retired academic. Many thanks Mr Milo.

@sayalolz354 10 ай бұрын

hello! im from kurdistan region in kurdistan where shanidar cave is actually at. this part of our history is so important and beloved to us and everyone always visits the cave and i looove finding more information about this subject. thank you for this great video!

@Ecliptic- 10 ай бұрын

you sound like my girlfriend

@bolboretadelume 11 ай бұрын

I love how your videos humanize prehistoric people, Stefan (Ettore's artwork also helps a lot)! We have traditionally been taught to think about them as barely human 😕 I am learning so much with your videos! 😃

@grilledupuk1578 Жыл бұрын

I don’t ever comment on KZfaq but I just wanted to say I was genuinely so happy to see you had uploaded your video just interest me so much and I knew nothing about anthropology before I came across your channel. THANK YOU

@TheArghnono Жыл бұрын

Another amazing video, Stefan. I love that you not only give us the scientific information, but you thoroughly humanize and bring to life these people from our deep prehistory. I think Nandy and his family would have liked this video.

@katherinekirkhope7804 Жыл бұрын

Decades ago I loved the series of books by Jean Auel. They told a very well researched fictional story of how our ancestors, homo sapien and neanderthal lived, fought and died together. Thank you for your excellent videos.

@fredericksmith7942 Жыл бұрын

Brb just googling the author.

@WildWestRosie 10 ай бұрын

I've always thought that Nandi was the inspiration for Creb.

@jamesrussell7760 7 ай бұрын

Somewhere in my book collection, I have Jean Auel's stories. About time I reread them.

@lolaisabelcastro3310 27 күн бұрын

@@WildWestRosieyes, it was!

@claironaut Жыл бұрын

I love this channel and how you bring the magic and beauty out of the relics of humanity. Everyone and everything- past and present -has engaging stories to be learned from. Thank you, Stefan.

@ambientheat Жыл бұрын

Wonderful video again Stefan. You brought Nandi to life for a few moments. Beautiful work. Thank you!

@TyrSkyFatherOfTheGods Жыл бұрын

Your blending of science and storytelling brings our ancestors to life - thank you!

@Turkish_Model__1 Жыл бұрын

Of course they resembled Basques. Germanic is an Indo-European language like Hittite. You can find blonde features in places like Turkey, Chechnya, Georgia, Lebanon, Persia.

@rsmlinar1720 Жыл бұрын

Man, i am so proud of you, and of the fact i followed your channel since it had but a few thousand subscribers. You have consistant and actually increasing quality, and a beautifull presentation. The growth of your channel is well earned 👏👏👏

@zeideerskine3462 Жыл бұрын

Willow bark and penicillin rubrens were found in one adolescent Neanderthal in El Sidron. That means they used pain killers and antibiotics.

@lindahudson6685 Жыл бұрын

Beautiful yet heart-rending story. Thank you.

@Microtonal_Cats Жыл бұрын

Great vid as usual. And hearing about all Nandy's injuries made me quit feeling sorry for myself having a flu while eating microwaved chicken in my warm home.

@Alvinnosleep Жыл бұрын

I dont know if you'll ever see this comment but i just wanted to say, you and your channel have had a profound impact on me. I grew up being interested in all of this but i had no opportunity to really get into it. Recently though (in the last couple of years), ive been really enjoying your content it's helped me break down parts of me that were scared to fully denounce heaven and hell but youve helped with that tremendously. I bought your book and i love it if i ever do become a dad i will absolutely be showing it to my kids along with these videos! I even want to pursue a career in this or similar feilds thank you so much for what you do. Anyway Tl;dr, youre videos helped me become the person I've always wanted to be so thank you and keep on being fuckin awesome!!!

@FeathPymArt Жыл бұрын

This video makes me happy. I have loved Neanderthals since I was an infant. I can't explain the emotional attachment I had to them as I had nothing to base it on - I was being taught in school they were the brutes we thought they were, but internally, I said no, this is wrong. I was there for the great flower debate. I can't explain the joy I feel that everyone else is catching up to me, that the science is catching up to me. Thank you for sharing shanidar with me.

@emmaphillips3847 Жыл бұрын

Maybe you were one in a past life ❤

@FeathPymArt Жыл бұрын

@@emmaphillips3847 I don't say that out loud, as I don't want to be introduced to a padded room ;)

@Exxperiment626 Жыл бұрын

They were brute cave dwellers. Thank God I dont have any primitiv Neanderthal DNA. Long live Homo-Sapiens ✊🏿

@seanmckelvey6618 Жыл бұрын

Fascinating video as always. I can't help but get goosebumps when listening to things like this. The shared humanity we have with these people combined with the sense of mystery and imagination in regards to how they lived just stirs up something deep inside of me.

@thegammgamm2744 Жыл бұрын

Same for me!

@jwvandegronden Жыл бұрын

what a beautiful homage to our ancestors' lineage through the Neanderthals. Your love for your work and your emotional investment into it are awe inspiring! Maybe Nandy was a first shaman like figure, revered and cherished by his tribe? I have watched most of your videos and this one touched me the most, because of your emotional yet professional way of telling their stories, never veering off into speculation yet taking enough room for professional suggestions giving us a real look into the lives of these beautiful peoples! Thank you so much! Enjoyed it immensely.

@johngreskamp4739 Жыл бұрын

Perhaps the best storyteller I subscribe to. You bring a humor and humanity for this human to enjoy! Thank you!

@Ayeskint Жыл бұрын

I really enjoy your work, Stefan, but especially your "Life and Death" videos. You take dry bones and fragments and piece by piece rebuild them and remind us that these were once real people (more similar to ourselves than different from us), living in a real and extremely challenging world. Thank you for the videos. I think if they knew that half a millennium later people would be remembering them, talking about them and their lives and struggles, our distant forebears would thank you too. It's a nice thought.

@TexRenner Жыл бұрын

Every time the bell alerts me there's a new video from you, I know I'm in for a treat. Thanks.

@oli1764 Жыл бұрын

Big support for this channel, it is my go to favourite KZfaq channel and your production is amazing. Someone get this man producing documentaries!

@EliKennedy Жыл бұрын

I appreciate the balance between storytelling and evidence that you present. It’s a fine line and you’re doing it very responsibly. I love the time you take to humanise these people as we explore the evidence

@HerrKlaus1963 Жыл бұрын

I love your storytelling! Well accepted "facts" seamlessly intermingled with absolute plausible "fiction" but always distinguishable from each other. Thank you!

@-Hari-03 Жыл бұрын

shanidar 1 is probably one of my favourite anthropology finds :) super duper happy youre covering it :) love ur videos so much

@Natasha___. Жыл бұрын

I know this is a really overused term on KZfaq, but this channel is way underrated! The quality is phenomenal, I'm so glad I've found this today!

@neglectedpizzacrust90 Жыл бұрын

Quality of videos has been amazing lately, keep up the great work! The careful narration, B-roll, and music all come together beautifully with the research

@danielphan5991 Жыл бұрын

i was just thinking to myself, “Stefan hasn’t posted in a while…” Only for you to bless us the very next day. Thanks, Stefan!

@peskylisa Жыл бұрын

I think this is what Jean M Auel based her character Creb after.

@lolaisabelcastro3310 Жыл бұрын

Yes!

@luca-bj8kc Жыл бұрын

Only comment that means anything

@MightyThursty Жыл бұрын

You're one of my favorite history channels. Been watching for a while. The videos just keep getting better! This videos a banger

@monkeywrench2800 Жыл бұрын

I truly enjoy hanging out with you Stefan. I always feel enlightened and inspired afterwards. Thank You!

@EAIOIAE Жыл бұрын

Great to see you are back! Thank you so much for your videos! Love the easy-to-understand storytelling and the animations are slick! :-)

@simonward-horner7605 Жыл бұрын

It's always a thrill to see a new video posted by you, Stefan. This is excellent and intriguing, thanks!

@alexandrahall3979 Жыл бұрын

I also like that it’s like a uni lecture with a guy who has done field work not TikTok style. It’s so much aggressive content - not slapping and gags and meme-like vignettes.

@englishiguana4304 Жыл бұрын

thanks Stefan i love these videos, so informative and beautiful. Your channel deserves so much more attention, i hope you keep on going with it for a long long time!

@Eamonshort1 Жыл бұрын

Quick aside, hope you see this, you may have my favourite thumbnails of any youtuber. Sleek, clean, unique, professional, and not the least bit clickbaity

@tarancehill651 Жыл бұрын

Man, I'm a minute in and I can tell you're getting substantially better at this making videos thing. This feels professionally done. I may have missed something but it seems like a big jump up.

@SegzWithTedCruz Жыл бұрын

Your videos are my go-to feel good vibe enhancers. Even when I am doing something I love to run your vids in the background. I swear I have watched this one at least 20 times. You sir, need a podcast!

@michellenorthrup2059 Жыл бұрын

“Tentatively tiptoed” 💕💕💕💕💕 it’s these little notations of moments of time shared across the ages that make your vids so delightful. It makes it feel like this all happened five minutes ago.

@dahemac Жыл бұрын

Aw! So excellent. Great video. ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ This is not just a yootoob video. This is a high-quality half-hour documentary. Heck ya!

@ivicajovanovic2897 Жыл бұрын

Fantastic as always. Starting from the theme, through the visuals, to the narration. Like watching a movie or reading a good book.

@atomdent Жыл бұрын

Stunning film, the compassion with which you approach your subject ( all of us and our history)is truly award worthy, you make me smarter and more caring, thanks Stefan!

@larryparis925 Жыл бұрын

This is extremely well-done. As always, I appreciate the references and their links. Many thanks.

@Nembula Жыл бұрын

Love the way you pulled all the recent discoveries into a unified picture. Great presentation. Thank you 💞

@queentosheable Жыл бұрын

Yaaay!!! Love your videos !!! I clicked so fast to watch!! Keep them coming!!

@jackc913 10 ай бұрын

This is one of my favourites videos of yours. What a brilliant, fascinating channel this is.

@Pertusetian Жыл бұрын

The view from Shanidar cave looking down the valley and The Great Zab River has always intrigued me. That view has provoked thought and creativity on and off for thousands of generations. I've walked that valley, and felt the heavy storms whip up the grasses. It's not otherworldly or eerie or surreal, the fascination is what we learn, the stories we slowly reveal. Great vid, Mr Milo!

@ericharris5299 Жыл бұрын

I can't even imagine how hard it is to round up all the information for one of these videos but I appreciate your passion. Great video. I wish you could make more.

@johannijman2341 Жыл бұрын

I know that Stefan's videos are such high quality that I Like them even before I'm done watching. Great visuals, educational, and charismatic narration. Always excited when you release a new piece!

@amandalogan9693 Жыл бұрын

I absolutely love your story telling. Painting a vivid picture in my mind . Wonderful video!

@heritageoutdoorsproduction2460 Жыл бұрын

Every video brings me to tears, your work is so precious to us Milo, thank you 🙏🏼

@Jess-zf3ve Жыл бұрын

After reading The Clan of the Cave Bear by Jean Auel I wanted to learn more about Neanderthal communities - this video was the perfect place for me to start. Looking forward to watching more of your videos!

@fleetskipper1810 Жыл бұрын

Love that series of novels!!

@happytofu5 Жыл бұрын

I suspect that Nandy was the role model for Creb.

@Jess-zf3ve Жыл бұрын

@@happytofu5 that’s exactly what I was thinking! the broken/deformed arm especially

@DavidSmith-dm8ew Жыл бұрын

Simply wonderful books they were.

@kmkvladne Жыл бұрын

You have an incredible talent of storytelling, and your voice is great. I had no idea I am interested in this paleolithiic stuff untill I crossed your channel.

@daniellimmer1949 Жыл бұрын

I cannot express enough the pleasure I get from watching your videos.Honestly I can't get enough.Thankyou for the info and the way you produce them.I am no expert but your style is perfect and very good quality.Many thanks

@8o86 Жыл бұрын

Thank you so much Stefan for these videos. I've starting watching with my 4 y/o girl, and even though she speaks very little English, thanks to the quality work you put into the graphical side she can grasp what is going on and asks a lot of questions. You're a legend!

@NorthernChev Жыл бұрын

ALWAYS top notch production quality

@travisbicklejr Жыл бұрын

Holy smokes! This is exquisitely made! The illustrations and storytelling are top-notch! Well done, sir!

@peterbiesbroek 5 ай бұрын

Absolute delighted to be educated by means of a real human voice...! Thank you sir..!

@easyrespect4622 Жыл бұрын

So many positive and constructive comments, already! Thank you for your time, beautiful video :)

@ChristianMarkhamNTX Жыл бұрын

Another great video, thank you Stefan for taking the time and effort to make these. The artwork is really cool, I especially like the image of Shanidar cave with the campfire smoke and inhabitants in front of it.

@evandean3944 Жыл бұрын

A visually beautiful piece of work, Stefan. Thank you for making it.

@xerancagaming957 Жыл бұрын

no way he finally made it the first Neanderthal video in like 2 years? I have found this so amazing Stefan and I thank you so much for the sources and references. Right now I am in year 7 in London and I love studying Paleoanthropology I hope I have the chance to meet you one day. Stefan I just managed to finish the second half of the video and I loved it nearly indescribably. This is the first time that I have heard of such injuries survived during the Paleolithic. Not only this but you have changed the viewpoint of many people of Neanderthals like you said at 17:13 but the unfortunate reality is most people still think of Neanderthals as heartless, brutish ape-men. So for the people interested on how advanced Neanderthals were I will show my list of Neanderthal Discoveries: -Neanderthal Remains (Babies, Children, Juveniles, Adults and elderly.) -Advanced Stone Tools/ Mousterian stone tools -Natural Jewellery/modified seashells and animal remains -Fishing/traps and nets -Ritual Burial ( De-fleshing and burial goods.) -Clothes ( Shoes, Trousers, Robe and hoods/hats.) -Wooden Spears -Range (Europe except Northern, Southwest and Central Asia and Sinai Peninsula?) -Breastfeeding -Empathy/Sympathy -Shelters/Settlements ( Lean-to's, Caves, Camps.) -Rock Art/Ochre Remains -Fire Control ( Torches and Campfires.) -Hunting/Cooking/Eating (Eurasian Ice Age Megafauna and Fauna.) -Foraging ( Fungi, Seeds, Nuts, Fruits and Roots.) -Natural Adhesives ( Beeswax+ Conifer Resin) -Ritual/Nutritional/Mortuary/Survival Cannibalism (Controversial/Debateable) -Plant Fibre string/rope (Controversial/Debateable) -boats (controversial/debateable. Example: Cretan Remains) -Camps/Fenced Settlements (controversial/Debateable) So tell me if there's anything more to add and mistake I am actually in Year 8. I have one more thing to say Stefan Milo, would we by any chance as I know you are busy with your day to day life be able to call on zoom or etc to talk, meet each other and maybe even answer me some questions I have. I know it's a lot to ask for but if you would like to feel free to reply to my comment and tell me 😊.

@jarfullofbuttons Жыл бұрын

With his injuries, it makes me wonder if he was valuable to his community as some kind of storyteller or soothsayer.

@katherinegilks3880 Жыл бұрын

He could have been, but just as likely he was valuable as a regular member of the family. Not “we should save him because he is/can be still useful”, but “we should save him because he’s our brother/cousin/friend/spouse/child”. The idea that humans have intrinsic value is not new. Groups were small and every person counted. He still had three good limbs. Not to mention there were lots of daily tasks that he could do that didn’t require two arms. He could still pass on knowledge to the next generation. He had loved ones and they weren’t going to stop loving him simply because he was disabled.

@pavelandreev4727 Жыл бұрын

Stefan, you are a legend, my friend! You bring us hope for the humankind, thank you! I certainly think that our friend Nandy was well taken care of in both his life and his death.

@ScoutSniper3124 Жыл бұрын

Your video is one of the great positives of the Internet. There was a time, not that long ago, that to hear a lecture like this about such an interesting subject would have been limited to those either attending university or belonging to some club of elites. THANK YOU for sharing OUR history of life.

@johnedwards4012 6 ай бұрын

Dude your videos show actually photo/video, sourced articles, interesting factoids, awesome charts Thank you bro

@dersitzpinkler2027 Жыл бұрын

This was absolutely incredible. I decided to watch it on my tv bc I suspected my phone screen wouldn’t do it justice. I was right! Great use of artwork. Ettore is very talented!