Thank you very much for making this video about my great aunt. My dad's grandfather and Emmy's father were brothers. I don't fully comprehend these contributions since I spent most of my life studying history, politics and literature of China, but on behalf of my family I wish to thank you for your efforts to disseminate this knowledge.

This only covers her contribution to mathematical physics. Her contributions to pure mathematics were also stupendous.

I think Noether's theorem was worthy a Nobel Prize in Physics. From a pure mathematical standpoint maybe it isn't very impressive, but the implications to physics are deep and many. Consider the importance of the role symmetry has played in particle physics since her time.

If you didn't think Fermilab was gonna cover this fascinating backstory, you have a whole Noether thing coming.

My 6 year old daughter loved this video. She insisted I subscribe. Thank you for making physics so accessible and talking about the contributions of women scientists and mathematicians.

Just think how much more advanced human civilization would have been today if women's skills and talents have not been suppressed for centuries! Thank you, Don, for doing her justice.

Dr. Don Lincoln is absolutely my favorite physicist in KZfaq because not only is he highly knowledgeable in physics, he also has this magic skill about conveying even complex matters in somewhat easy - or at least way easier compared to physicists on average - manner. Many many things still gives big headaches to me even after watching Don's videos, but I usually end up understanding the topic at least a bit better. Also, he is a very humble person, so he does not make the presentation about him (which some physicists in KZfaq unfortunately do), about how good he himself is when he understands difficult things. He tries his best to make less savvy people understand the complex matters and he puts a lot of effort in trying to achieve that, that's his only concern, nothing else. Keep up the good work and keep doing these insanely good videos.

Hi Dr. Don! Thanks for your genuine and heartfelt explanation of Noether's theorem. As a physicist I've always thought of Noether's theorem as incredibly profound and fascinating. This video really helped me and my fiance (who is a math teacher) connect over the significance of Emmy Noether's contribution.

PBS SpaceTime just did some episodes on her. They were the foundation of the current series they are doing on symmetry and the standard model. Great videos.

When I was in grad school, literally not a day went by where Noether's Theorem wasn't invoked. Not one problem could be addressed, not one conversation had, not one idea bandied, nothing at all could take place without Noether's Theorem. And best of all, not only does her theorem equate symmetries with conserved quantities in an abstract sense, but she also provided a way to simply turn a mathematical crank and describe exactly what quantity is conserved. Her theorem isn't just an abstraction. It provides a way to generate the conserved quantity itself from a mathematical mechanism. Have you found a symmetry? Turn this crank she created, and the conserved quantity will fall out into your lap. She's the single most important figure in high energy and particle physics, bar none.

If you have an interest in seeing Noether’s theorem applied to several problems in different branches of physics, you might like the very interesting book “Emmy Noether’s Wonderful Theorem” by Dwight Neuenschwander.

Thank you Professor for informing us about great genius personalities..

Awesome! It's certainly time we gave women in science (and all women) their due. I'm compiling a list of women who have made significant contributions to math & science, & I can tell you, the list just keeps getting longer every time I blink. From biology & entomology to physics, math, cosmology, chemistry & more, women have made crucial discoveries at all level of human endeavor. Keep up the good work. Rikki Tikki.

Thanks for recognizing Dr. Noether. One of the best maths brains ever.

Dear Dr Don! I love you for creating this video. When hearing about her theorem in sophomore physics class in 1980, knowing the importance of conservation laws, and how easy they made kinematics computations, I could not understand why she wasn’t revered like Newton, Maxwell, and Einstein, at the top echelon of the Physics community. Why she wasn’t given the Nobel prize during her lifetime. I later read about her life, that we shouldn’t call tragic, because she got her prize. Her meta-law. And you, Sir, with the platform you created, you honored her like she should be honored. You get it! Dead center! Thank you Dr. Don. You’re my hero!

Many things bother me, but the fact that I, a physician, had not heard of Emmy Noether until I was in my 50’s ranks high. I was sitting in traffic the other day, barely moving, when I realized that my traffic jam was also explained by Noether’s theorem. Amazing.

Thank you so much for this great video. I learned about Emmy Noether in our Linear Algebra class. Before that I had never heard of her. What a truly amazing mind she had, what a contribution she made!

You made this so much more understandable by linking her theorem to the ongoing developments in Physics. :) Another great video, Dr Lincoln. Totally worth the wait!

Excelent video. Thank you sir

In the Feynman lectures he touches on this, you go into some more detail! Thank you for the leads on this wonderful subject

I am hooked on Dr. Don! He brings complex matter in a way that we can understand. Highly appreciated!

Thanks for the awesome History lesson. I feel that many women have been overlooked for many things, maybe this will help people's awareness of just how important women's contributions are to society, science and the world. My hat off to you, sir...

With regards to Noether's theorem (1915), if we want to be more specific and inclusive, Emmy Noether was not the first person to discover the fundamental link between symmetries and conserved currents (energy, momentum, angular momentum, etc.). Many people in the physics community ignore this fact, but the intimate connection between symmetries and conservation laws was first noticed in classical mechanics by Jacobi in 1842. In his paper, Jacobi showed that for systems describable by a classical Lagrangian, invariance of the Lagrangian under translations implies that linear momentum is conserved, and invariance under rotations implies that angular momentum is conserved. Still later, Ignaz Robert Schütz (1897) derived the principle of conservation of energy from the invariance of the Lagrangian under time translations. Gustav Herglotz (1911) was the first to give a complete discussion of the constants of motion assiciated with the invariance of the Lagrangian under the group of inhomogeneous Lorentz transformations. Herglotz also showed that the Lorentz transformations correspond to hyperbolic motions in R3. What Noether did, was to put every case into the generalized and firm framework of a mathematical theorem.

Thank you for this episode. I read popular science and have been trying to understand why symmetries are so important. They are said to be important but then the explanation is always on the level of rotating triangles and left there. Your explanation is the first I have heard that provides me with a much better understanding of the concept. Learning the history of Emmy Noether was also very informative.

Thanks! There are so many women who have done amazing work in math and/or science! It's high time they were recognized. I began compiling a list, & I've found so many from all areas of the world, & throughout time. So many of them were discriminated against, shunned, ignored, or even worse. Let's give them their due - now and always. Thanks again. Rikki Tikki.

Thank you so much for taking the time to make a video about her! Other physics/mathematics channels just gloss over her accomplishments if they mention her at all. It's so refreshing to see a channel that's willing to highlight the brilliant women in this field.

Emmy Noether: a beautiful and deep mind! One of a kind, one of the GREATEST! Thank you for your beautiful theorems Emmy.

Thank you for the explanation of the symmetry and conservation laws.

I think that was the best explanations of symmetry in a mathematical context I’ve ever heard. Thank you so much.

I am using some of your videos for learning more about Physics, and today this video help me with an important issue in my research. Thank you very much for your videos!

Great story. Great person. Great people. Great stories. Thanks.

That was a great and easy to understand. Thanks Fermilab 😊

Mr. Lincoln, I only recently discovered your videos, and I love it!! Thanks!!🤓

Dr Don I am amazed by your explanations so clear yet through

This is one of my favorite science youtube videos I've ever watched! Emmy Noether was a bad ass!

Thank you for reminding 100k people and counting about Emmy Noether! We tend to focus on a small group of female science pioneers, so it is wonderful for you to expand that pantheon for us.

When I took my theoretical computer science classes, her name also came up quite a bit. I don't remember much about it but I do remember that we made extensive use of Noetherian induction for proving theorems. If its prerequisites are met, it can be an extremely elegant technique.

Emmy, we love you!

Great teaching style....this professor is brilliant and also a very nice approachable person. I can tell.

One of those gorgeous areas in physics where group theory finds application.

+Fermilab Thank you for the video, I hoped that you might explain why the various symmetries imply the specific conservation laws that they do, for example why translation symmetry implies the conservation of momentum _in particular,_ and so on. Cheers.

Brilliant, conservation derives from symmetry...

Thank you very much for this episode. I'd never heard of her before.

Marvellous video and hystory explanation. Grazie! ❤️

What a wonderfully clear explanation of Noether's Theorem! And what an extraordinary woman to be celebrated!

You did a perfect job on this. Thank you so much for you good work.

thanks for sharing, dr. don … well, almost one year later … your documentary was easy to follow. as for emmy's tumor … was of the ovarian sort … god bless her.

It’s great that Noether is getting more recognized now. While we’re on the topic of the intersection of math and physics, another unsung hero so to speak is Hermann Weyl. Would you also kindly consider doing a similar segment on him? Cheers!

Grateful for filling this hole in my knowledge

Very well explained good video!

Great video sir. Keep them coming.

Awesome video. Thank you very much.

Thank you for making this video!

when Hilbert couldnt solve equations much needed for Einstein's GTR, he asked for Noether's help, and she solved them when world's leading mathematician, Hilbert couldnt. Hilbert famously said " physics too difficult for physicists" meaning, one need deep knowledge in math to solve equations.

¿Could you do a video focused on the mathematics of symmetries and conservation laws, and how to derive one from the other? Thank you! You’re awesome professor! 👏🏻

Thank you for this excellent presentation. Was reminded that we need to fight for fairness in this World and also learned something about symmetry I didn't understand before

pronunciation guide: Noether would rhyme with 'hurter.' just the vowel sound, without the 'r', in fact the final 'r' would sound to us like it gets dropped too (it is actually quietly voiced way at the back of the throat). the 'th' pronounced like a very intentional 't'

another great video, don and friends

great video like always ...you are my physics hero on you tube😀🤠😎

Noether's theorem is one way in which Eugene Wigner's statement conjecture about the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Physical Sciences is validated.

Very nicely done! Given that the length of your video is only 10 minutes (in contrast to some much longer Noether videos on youtube that I've also watched), I wasn't sure what to expect. But, by excellent use of graphical devices, you've packed a lot in!

Thank you for this video!

Thank you for this!

In mathematical parlance, regarding the symmetry you speak of, if for function f: f(-x) = f(x) f is called an "even function" ,conversely if f(-x) = -f(x) f is called an "odd function".

i want to learn all about Emmy Noether now. interesting and real stuff. thanks

Never taught us this in school. Yours is a great explanation

THANK YOU PROFESSOR LINCOLN...!!!

Best simple explanation of noethers theorem

This is Beautiful!!!

I'm blown away, what an amazing insight.

A highly useful piece of physical insight.

Like spanish inquisition, I didn’t expect this at all. Your videos come in discrete anecdotes.. Very interesting!

Thanks, Doc, these videos are great!

I would love a video where you go more indepth into how (why?) symmetries cause conservation laws. I know PBS spacetime did a video on it recently, but I'd love your take on it too. This is a fascinating topic!

Thanks for the info.

i also things noethers work was fentastic of 20th century. loved her theorem.

Eine grossartige Frau. Bescheiden, tiefsinnig und sehr humorvoll.

Finally new video by dr.don

One of the better videos on the subject

Another brilliant and informative video from Dr. Lincoln of Fermilab. Standing on the shoulders of this giant woman, I see the symmetries in the many barred galaxies and I wonder about their conservations and rules. Thanks for a great lesson!

Wonderful reminisce and respect to a to a genius,.

The time symmetry is not about shifting when you choose zero time but about when you start your experiment (all other things being the same). The concept is about laws of nature not changing with time and this is what implies the conservation law (energy, in this case). In any case, great video and I'm glad someone is highlighting Emmy Noether's crucial contribution to math and science.

Your BEST video ever!

I taught science for more than thirty years. Today I learned!

Fraulein Noether is mentioned in ‘This way to the Universe’ by Michael Dine.

Thanks for your always great videos! How hard would it be to explain intuitively how this theorem is derived? I've learned about it in my studies years ago but as far as I recall the proof was never given. And now that I've moved on I probably don't have the time to dig into pages of formal calculations and Lagrangian equations... But I find this theorem fascinating and would love to get a feel for why it is true! From a very quick search it seems like all there is is either videos, like this one, "only" (no criticism intended! :) presenting the theorem and its author / context, or full speed advanced physics lectures with complete formal derivation. If possible it would be fantastic to fill that gap! (Of course if that gap is already filled by a good video I'm not aware of, please recommend!) Thanks!

Thank-you, Don.

Thanks 😘😁☺️ These videos are amazing 👌

Dr. DON, thank you for introducing us to this great lady who was EMMY. It reminds me of those wonderful ladies who contributed to NASA's feats: Katherine Johnson, Dorothy Vaughan and Mary Jackson .But let's not forget our moms which were, in another register, excellent.:D

Great video. But what about the most stable genius?

Much respect to Emmy Noether (RIP). 🙏🙏🙏

I subscribed. This guy's talking is ... I don't know the right superlative. Thanks.

Emmy Noether should be as famous as Einstein in my book. Good to see that she is getting more appreciation these days.

Thanks Don for your presentations. They are always excellent and informative. I am currently reading Peter Rowlands book "How schrodinger's cat escaped the box " but I am stuck on quarternions. I understand rotation and non-commutivity a little. One of his professor friends says All you need to understand it is coloured counters. Then I became really confused. Can you help? Could you do a presentation. Please, pretty please.

Gud video.....sir

I DEEPLY APRECIATE YOUR GIVING CREDIT TO THESE WOMEN, THIS SHOWS YOU ARE A TRUE PHYSISIST? NOT ONLY THIS WOMEN BUT THE CHINESE WOMAN WHO TAUGHT US THE TRUE MEANING OF THE PARTICLE SPIN!! JUST FASCINATING,I ENJOY YOUR EXPLAINATIONS

We can thank a lot of people for our understanding of "life the Universe and everything" It's a BIG list of people that have contributed. But of course this lady is not to be overlooked.

I have had this opinion of Emmy Noether since I was in college decades ago, oerhaps if enough people learn about her, she'll finally be taught in physics course below the graduate level.

Wow! From Wikipedia - She was described by Pavel Alexandrov, Albert Einstein, Jean Dieudonné, Hermann Weyl and Norbert Wiener as the most important woman in the history of mathematics. As one of the leading mathematicians of her time, *she developed the theories of rings, fields, and algebras.* In physics, Noether's theorem explains the connection between symmetry and conservation laws. Looks like it is not enough to call her "most important woman" - she is one of the most important mathematicians! Thank you, Farmilab for bringing it to me.

Dayam. Enjoyed that.