Thank you--I sincerely appreciate your kind words and encouragement. I'll be publishing more videos in the near future.

Thank you for the kind words! I really appreciate it. I'm glad this video was helpful Best of luck to you!

I'm glad this video was helpful! Thank you so much for the kind words!

Hi Janelle. I'm happy that it was helpful, and I really appreciate the positive comment. Thank you!

You're very welcome! Thank you!

You're very welcome! I'm glad they were helpful and I appreciate your positive comment!

You are welcome! Thank you for the kind words!

Thank you for the kind words!

Glad you think so! Thank you for the kind words!

Glad this helped! Thank you for the positive comment!

I really appreciate the kind words. Thank you!

Glad it was helpful! Thank you for the positive comment!

I'm glad this video helped. Thank you for the kind words!

You're very welcome! Thank you for the kind words!

Thank you for the kind words Lauren. I really appreciate it!

I sincerely appreciate the kind words. Thank you!

I'm glad it was helpful! Thank you so much for the positive comment!

You are welcome! I am glad it was helpful!

Could you help me understand it

I'm happy that it was. Thank you for the positive comment!

Glad you liked it! You are welcome

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Glad I could help!

Thank you! I appreciate it!

Haha--good point! I think when I said "mass" in the video, I was speaking a little loosely for a moment. I'll see if I can squeeze in a correction/clarification in the video. Thank you!

I hope your quiz went well! Thank you for the positive comment!

I'm glad it was helpful! Thank you for the positive comment!

Thank you!

Absolutely--I'm more than happy to share the images. I have them imbedded in a PowerPoint file. Email me at pcm@wsu.edu and I'll send them to you. Thank you for the kind words. I sincerely appreciate it!

You're most welcome

Hi Noah. No problem--the last steps are to convert from the natural log (ln) to the log base 10 (log), with the following step: 0.026689 x 2.3 ; and then convert from V to mV by multiplying that value by 1000. You should end up with ~61.5 mV (exact value will depend on how you round out your numbers). Hope that helps!

Thank you for the kind words!

Thank you for the kind words and for your interest in my background! I was always interested in science, but couldn't stomach the way it's typically taught at the undergraduate level. I found the heavy emphasis on facts / memorization supremely boring. I fell in love with physiology because it is a vast, multi-disciplinary scientific arena that invites thought and emphasizes process, which can be understood by applying fundamental physical principles and molecular mechanisms. I firmly believe that a strong background in the humanities--which cultivates creativity, critical thinking and abstraction--is an excellent way to prepare for graduate-level study in the biomedical sciences. The main challenge, however, was having to maintain a single-minded focus on my graduate project. Furthermore, watching the diverse intellectual interests I once had whither away as I immersed myself in the narrow area of reality and thought I'd carved out for myself was a little depressing. However, I feel like I was able to compensate for that by becoming a bit of a generalist in my teaching and research. I believe that my background in philosophy/humanities made it easier for me to intellectually engage in areas not directly related to my research. Hope that helps! Let me know if you have any additional questions. Be well!

@@PeteMeighan I'm about to graduate with a bachelor's in philosophy and am trying to go into neuroscience. I'm finding the immense technicalities of organic chemistry difficult to grasp, to say the least. Your video is the only one so far that explained the Nernst equation clearly enough for me to understand, and stumbling across this comment about your background gave me some much-needed hope. Thanks for the video and for the boost.

Thank you for the positive comment--I enjoyed reading it! I can definitely relate to your experience in O-chem. It's easy to get discouraged as you are toiling away on pre-reqs that have little utility for your actual academic/intellectual goals. Keep going. Life gets better once you push thru that BS and are able to focus on the areas that interest you.

Thank you for the kind words! The main neurophysiology texts that I've leaned on over the years are: "Foundations of Cellular Neurophysiology" (Johnston and Wu); "Biophysics of Computation" (Koch); and Bertil Hille's classic "Ion Channels of Excitable Membranes"

Most welcome

The battery symbolizes the membrane potential. It is the membrane potential that accounts for the electrical gradient that influences net ionic movement. To see how that works, check out my video on the membrane potential: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/rL-TdKuS0sutd6s.html

Thank you Laura. I'm happy this video might have been a help to you, and I sincerely appreciate the kind words.

Thank you for the kind words! Voltage is a relative measure. By convention it is measured as the potential difference inside of the cell compared to outside the cell. This is similar to how blood pressure is the pressure difference inside the vasculature compared to the atmosphere (MAP ~= +100 mmHg). Or how atmospheric pressure is the pressure of the atmosphere compared to a vacuum (~= +760 mmHg at sea level). In an alternative universe, blood pressure could be expressed as the atmospheric pressure compared to inside the vasculature (i.e., MAP ~= -100mmHg). For voltage = -80mV, this is equivalent to having an 80 mV battery, but with the negative terminal oriented to inside the cell (positive terminal outside). Hope that helps!

@@PeteMeighan thank you so much for detailed answer.

Good question! Essentially that's the case. -80mV is an electrical gradient / membrane potential that is larger in magnitude than -50mV. The sign indicates the polarity of the electrical gradient (where, by convention, it is the voltage inside the cell compared to the outside). Hope that helps!

What value are you getting? The most common errors are to compute using temperature in degrees C (rather than degrees K), forgetting to convert ln to log, or not converting V to mV.