In Sweden, "vote blue to wipe out orange stains" COULD be interpreted as "vote liberal to wipe out the Liberal Youth wing". Which you know, seams a bit harsh.

Romania's "Vote Blue to wipe out the Orange" would be weird because USR, (Save Romania Union, center-center-right party) is the blue one and orange (PLUS, a center center-left party) are in a coalition so this means they would wipe out their entire coalition

JJ: “in China red is the color of ...” My Brain : the CCP

In Denmark the largest right wing party is called Venstre (“Left”). It’s only opposition party was called Højre (“Right”). And the splitter party from Venstre is centrist and called Radikale Venstre (Radical Left).

It's amazing how much meaning and symbolism we put into things that were chosen mostly out of convenience.

In Germany we also have the problem that two parties want to occupy the color red. The social democratic SPD has been red since the beginning and were originally the only "red" after WW2. But after the reunification the socialist East German party reformed itself and also wanted to be represented by the color red. Now both parties embrace the color red and when talking about a SPD-Left coalition it is called a "red-red coalition". On election graphics the Left party is represented by the color purple though.

there is a reason for purple being associated with nobility, when it was first made into a dye it was much more expensive than other dyes so most people didn't want to produce it unless it was for nobility (this is to my knowledge but this is what I've heard a lot and it makes sense after a bit of research)

In the US there was also a political faction known as “Yellow Dog Democrats” who were southerners that voted straight ticket because they would “vote for a yellow dog before a Republican”

What's also interesting for Germany: Even though the conservative party, the CDU, has black as its colour, it mostly uses orange for campaigning because black just doesn't look that good on posters.

In Brazil green is seen as the go-to "patriotic" colour due to it's prominence on the flag, making it popular with conservative parties. During the military dictatorship certain high ranking officers were accused of being "watermelons", green on the outside and red on the inside, though I'm not really sure if the green refers to the flag or the military itself.

I genuinely enjoy the fact that even if your videos are political here and there, they still carry the feeling that I'm just being told about things from different places, sometimes even in my own country, instead of coming off like you're telling me what I should or shouldn't think. It makes them seriously enjoyable, and probably an easy watch to people all around the political spectrum. I'm glad that I found your channel, and I feel like myself, and the many, many others that watch are better off having found your videos to begin with. Keep up the good work and consistent quality, man. It's much appreciated :)

One correction: The red flag actually was used in the first French Revolution. It was first raised by the National Guard as a symbol of martial law, which the Jacobins responded to by raising their own red flags to symbolize those killed by the National Guard and "the martial law of the people against the revolt of the court". During the Reign of Terror, the red flag was even made a national emblem, although the tricolor remained the more popular symbol.

Purple is often associated with royalty because purple dye was rare back then and as a result it was more common to see kings and queens to wear purple clothing than ordinary citizens.

The purple thing comes from the Byzantines. Being "born to the purple" meant being a part of the imperial family and therefore having a claim to the throne. The reason mostly comes down to how difficult it was to make purple dye, the sea snails that were used only being available on a few islands off of Greece.

Thank you for your work! It was nice to meet you on the train the other day!

In Germany it’s a bit weird. First you need to know that there are two parties called CDU(Christian Democratic Union) and CSU(Christian Social Union), which have almost the same centre-right political views, except the CSU only exists in Bavaria and the CDU only exists outside Bavaria. When only one of these parties is shown or they are grouped together in a diagram, people normally use the color black. When they are shown separately however the CDU is normally black and the CSU is normally dark blue, so in Bavaria “vote blue” could mean that you should vote for the CSU. In the rest of Germany however the AfD(Alternative for Germany), the far-right party, is usually associated with the color blue. Therefore “vote blue” could also mean that you should vote for them. “Remove orange” also isn’t really easy, as there isn’t a big party with the color orange. The biggest party with the color orange is the FW(Free Voters), a centre to centre-right party, which do not have have any seats in the Bundestag, the German equivalent to the House of Representatives in the US or the House of Commons in Canada. They technically have seats in the Bundesrat, the German equivalent of the Senate in the US or Canada, but they can’t really vote on their own. In the Bundesrat every state gets a number of votes based on population and the state governments appoint the members. They can appoint as many people as they have votes, but they can also appoint fewer people with some of them having more than one vote, so in total they have the correct number of votes. Who these people are and which party they are a member of doesn’t really matter, since every state has to vote the same way with all of its votes, so being a member of the Bundesrat is more a symbolic thing. Because they are appointed you also can’t directly vote them out, only indirectly by not voting for them in the statewide elections. “remove orange” would therefore only make sense in the state where the FW have a significant portion of the seats in the state parliament. This is currently only Bavaria. In Brandenburg the BVB/FW(Brandenburg United Civic Movements/Free Voters), which cooperates with the FW, has seats in parliament. It is a separate party however and it has the color blue instead of orange. In Rheinland-Palatinate there was an election just yesterday and the FW will most likely get 6 out of 101 seats, so “remove orange” would now also make sense in Rhineland-Palatinate. To summarize, in Bavaria “vote blue, remove orange” either means “vote AfD, remove FW” or “vote CSU, remove FW”. In Rhineland-Palatinate it can only mean “vote AfD, remove FW”.

"Vote blue to wipe out the orange" My first thoughts went straight to British politics

The Half-Asleep Chris cameo was a welcome surprise. Did anyone else think this video came out a little later in the day than usual?

J.J. You are so amazing !! I'm saving this one under "favourites". Have to, must watch this one again. And again. Ach, thank you for being as you are. Hugs

Tigerduck is a character in the children books of Janosh. In those books it is a pull along toy - a duck with tigerstripes. Real life toys have been made after this character.

Fun fact: The center-right party in portugal is called the Social Democratic party.

I noticed how the red Tory thing is a leftwing conservative in Canada, interesting how much that contrasts with how it is here in the UK, a red Tory is a jab at labour politicians who are seen as too right wing

11:09 It always surprises me when I hear Chris' voice do an occasional voiceover for you, but it always makes me very happy!

For the red flag idea at roughly 4:20, the red cow symbolizes agricultural revolution, which is why the red cow on The Laughing Cow was started during the German occupation of France from 1940-1945 as a subtle political statement that wouldn’t incur German wrath. If I’m not mistaken, the cow is the agricultural part, and the red is the revolution part, so I’m pretty sure that red symbolized revolution, which would have a distinct meaning, instead of the supposedly randomization of the colors for the French Revolution. Edit: I believe the red cow meaning agricultural revolution goes all the way back to medieval times.

People in the comments: the politics of spelling the word ‘color’ or ‘colour’

In Italy we had a right party that used green as a color but they switched to blue a couple of years ago. They used to be a secessionist party of the north of the country. When the old guard left the new leaders decided to drop the whole secession thing and go on to be just a right wing party. That's when the color switch happened.

Hi JJ, your friend Jorge from spain here. It made me very happy to see my country represented so many times in this video! As an additional comment, while the traditional party colours in Spain were red for labour and blue for conservative, thr new parties have chosen purple (left wing), orange (centre-right, liberal) and most surprisingly, green for the far right populist party Vox

I love the way the JJ's videos are edited. The little Blue song cameo was excellent.

Conservatives anywhere else in the world: vote blue no matter who.

I’ve never seen a person who can discuss politics from a more neutral and unbiased perspective than JJ. This is why I love this channel. Not because I’m particularly political, but because I value objective information so highly.

In Belgium we do the same thing like Germany in finding weird names for the coalitions based on their colours. Right now, we have the Vivaldi coalition, which is taking it even some steps further, being named after Vivaldi's 'Four Seasons', the seasons representing blue liberals, red socialists, green ecologists and orange christian democrats

15:40 I'd like to add the Kiwi coalition: Greens + CDU. It's used when the Greens are the bigger part of the mix, like it happened in Baden-Württemberg.

The dog saying comes from a Texas Democrat who claimed people would vote for a democrat who was running for an office over a Republican "even if it was a yellow dog (cowardly dog) ". Those democrats were referred to as yellow dog democrats. Red dog/blue dog came later.

There’s a song that the Labour Party in the UK like called “the red flag”. When Tony Blair was prime minister and “new labour” (a more moderate, centrist wing of the party) was a thing, there was a spoof version that went “The people's flag is palest pink, Blair washed it in the kitchen sink”

I totally thought of that graphic from the Canadian context. So cool! Loving the hair, by the way.

2:01 One comparable color tradition we have in the Western world (or at least in the Anglosphere) that you didn't mention is pink being the color of femininity. While this is a very new phenomenon, only becoming widespread in the 1950s, it has become very pervasive. Parties announcing or commemorating the birth of a baby girl will often have pink decorations. In many cartoons and children's shows, the most important female character (be she the protagonist, the love interest, or one of the protagonists' friends) will usually wear pink. The symbol used to represent females (♀) is often colored pink. The breast cancer awareness movement is symbolized by a pink ribbon, since it mostly only affects women. Pink is the most common color used in women's cosmetics: go to your local makeup store and you'll find more shades of pink lipstick than any other color. It was also the first nail polish color to become mainstream (though that may _also_ be because the color of human fingernails is already a light pinkish color, and thus light pink polish looked the most "natural"). Products marketed towards women and girls, whether they be dolls, shoes, or tampons, will often have pink packaging- and likewise, the tendency of womens' products to be more expensive than those designed for men is called "the pink tax". Liking pink as a man is associated with either being effeminate or not caring what others think of you. Pink is the traditional color of Mother's Day, with most greeting cards for said holiday being pink in color. A lot of the flowers most commonly grown by florists are pink in color, as flowers are traditionally considered a gift to give to a woman. The most commonly used lesbian flag includes pink stripes on the bottom. And while many tomboys have decried it for symbolizing "girliness" and being a cliché favorite color among women, pink is still heavily used in the feminist movement- think pink pussyhats, the pink "female" symbol with a fist inside of it, etc.

Purple was associated with the emperor and his family in Ancient Rome. it was the most difficult and expensive colour to produce, so would make sense why the rOyAls of Britain would keep the tradition of purple as a good chunk of the island used to belong to Rome and not to mention the fact that the western world is obsessed with Rome

Huh, i never realized how recent the American party colors were.

I’ve heard that the reason why the republicans are red is because one of the news stations (I forget who exactly) went with “Red for Reagan” because it would be easier remember due to the alliteration of it. I would also assume this is because “republican” has R has its first letter as well. So it just made sense to have a Republican called Reagan be Red.

Very creative topic, another great video!

In the 2019 Hong Kong protests there was a very dominant colour division between sides - pro democracy protestors wore black to show their support for the movement and opposition to the government, and following an incident where triad members in white shirts assaulted some protestors, white became the colour the pro-government/Beijing wore. The significance of wearing black to symbolise one's opposition towards the HK government was so strong that at some point in 2019 China temporarily banned the delivery of black shirts to the region from the mainland; Wearing all black in public made you a target for the authorities, something which people are still wary of in the present day. Black was chosen seemingly arbitrarily although it may have some roots in the 2014 Umbrella Revolution (also pro-democracy) where a yellow umbrella on a black background became a symbol for the protest. Yellow also became synonymous with democracy in Hong Kong because of this e.g. pro-democracy districts would be coloured yellow on some maps and voting for a democracy leaning candidate was voting 'yellow'. Another colour that gained political meaning was the colour blue, which was used to refer to or represent the police force after the colour of their uniforms; It also became a pro-government colour because of the force's role in protecting the government. Hope that was interesting for anyone who reads this! A lot of this is based off of experience so there may be a few inaccuracies but that is the gist of the colour of politics in Hong Kong

If I have this correct: America’s first political parties had colors as well. During the revolution, the symbol of the Franco-American alliance was a black and white roundel that soldiers would pin on their tricorne hats and this became a symbol of the Federalist Party lead by Alexander Hamilton, John Adams etc. meanwhile Thomas Jefferson’s Democratic-Republican party, as it’s known today used a Red-White and Blue roundel. As to why, I’m not so certain but those colors are patriotic and Jefferson and friends were fairly supportive of the French Revolution which ended up using Red White and Blue for its flag

I always get confused by danish politics because we have a party called "Left" that is very much a center-right party. So when people say I vote left I never know if they mean left-wing or just the party "Left".

omg, I just discovered your channel! It's amazing, congratulations! Greetings from the exotic New West, BC!

2:20AM (Bangladesh Time), was going to go to sleep soon, but if I see a JJ video notification, I click on it.

Might want to look at the Philippines, as Yellow is associated with Liberals and Anti-Duterte. Even being called Dilawan (Yellow in Filipino), as an insult by Duterte supporters.

Thanks for this video, this is a great help

My ADD brain is very intrigued by the Blinkist concept. I'll definitely check them out!

I live in Preston. I never would’ve expected to hear my small town talked about in JJ’s videos but that’s pretty cool

In the Houses of the UK Parliament- you’ll find the rooms with blue carpets show the rooms for the Queen, the red carpets show the Lords and the green carpets show the Commons!

Just spotted the Ganesh from your Instagram today!

That transition into the Blinkist ad called me out big time lool

Everyone have a great day

JJ: it would have been confusing if the agrarian conservatives held on to green while the green party also participated in elections Australia: :)

In Belgium we have the same tradition as in Germany. The current government coalition is called “Vivaldi”, referring to Antonio Vivaldi his Four Seasons. Blue for the liberals (winter), green for the greens (spring), red for the Social Democrats (summer) and orange for the Christian Democrats (fall). The previous government was called a Swedish government, blue for liberals, yellow for the Flemish nationalists and the cross in te flag referred to the Christian Democrats. Other combinations are olive tree: red, green and orange or Roman-Red: orange and red or Burgundy: red, blue and yellow.

Political colors in Europe: Dark red: communists Red: socialdemocrats/labourists Green: greens Yellow: liberal democrats Light blue: liberal conservatives/ Christian democrats Dark blue: national conservatives / fascists

In Japan, only opposition parties have official party color, LDP and Komeito have no solid party color, so their posters are in many different colors.

Imagine JJ with a ponytail and glasses.

Nice Video Mate

Living in South Africa I've found it intersting how much people wear their political colours, like on lots of protests or Winnie Mandela's memorial everyone is either fully clad in yellow & green of ANC or the head to toe red (with berets) of the EFF. Even the DA's blue can get a good showing at thier rallies. In the UK no-one wears political colours - the exceptions being the leaders' ties on debates & ppl selling merch at conferences/protests

In Finland we have a whole colour-coded naming scheme for governmental coalitions similiar to the one in Germany. For example currently we have a red-soil-goverment.

Using colours for coalitions, like you said in Germany, is also the case for other countries. For example in the Netherlands, in the 1990s and from 2012 to 2017, we had the "purple" coalition, of the social democratic and liberal parties working together. And in Belgium, right now they have the "Vivaldi coalition", referring to his classical piece 'The Four Seasons': liberals (blue / winter), socialists (red / summer), ecologists (green / spring), and Christian parties (orange / autumn).

I just noticed your Mr. Saturn plushy in the background, I love it! Where did you get it?

Adding to German coalition colour schemes 15:43: There's also a "Kenya coalition" consisting of the aforementioned CDU, Social Democrats and Greens

Last time I was this early, JJ still had a beard

The reason purple was considered the color of royalty is actually something you mentioned briefly at the end of the video, a dye called Tyrian Purple, which is still $2500 an ounce today was made via boiling snails which only live in the region of what is today Lebanon. Through a lengthy and *horrifically smelly* process the snails were boiled and when you read or hear of an East Roman Emperor "taking the Purple" it means it literally, the garb was dyed with Tyrian Purple. It was so hard to manufacture that when a British chemist accidentally made synthetic purple in the 19th century, he was knighted.

Wow, I listen and read the Bulwark. Never knew you and Tim were friends!

I do enjoy watching you bounce around the screen. One day I would like to know just how you manage to do that.

Austria actually also went with the "German" colour scheme for most of it's history (black - conservative, red - social dems, blue - right wing populists/nationalists, green - Greens/eco/vaguely left-liberal). The addition of pink as the colour for liberals (centrists) and the switch from black to turquios for the conservatives are very recent developments and the latter kinda bugs me, lol.

Party colours in Australia are quite recent too. The centre-right Liberal Party introduced their blue logo in 1980 (the same one they use today) and have used blue in their campaign material quite consistently since then. The Australian Labor Party only settled on red very recently though, in the 2010s. From the 1980s until then, they used a series of red, white and blue logos based on the national flag. They used all sorts of colours in their campaign materials: I have seen orange, yellow, blue and green ALP posters and flyers in the past. It’s only in the 2010s that they adopted an all-red logo consistently accompanied by red campaign material. Both the conservative agrarian National Party and the eco-socialist Australian Greens use the colour green. There is surprisingly little confusion; the National Party consistently uses a darker green (like Brunswick green or British racing green) while the Greens always use a brighter hue (like Kelly green). The biggest confusion is with the national-populist One Nation party. Their first logo was blue and yellow, their current logo is blue and orange, but the media can’t decide which colour to use in their election coverage. I have seen brown, black, orange, yellow, grey and cyan used by media outlets for One Nation. There is a similar lack of consistency in the smaller minor parties you find in the Senate and various state parliaments. Katter’s Australian Party uses a deep red, a darker crimson than the Labor Party; media outlets usually use dark red or brown. The Shooters Party (a significant force in NSW state politics) has a red, black and blue logo but also often gets brown in the media. The libertarian Liberal Democrats have a blue and yellow logo and sometimes get yellow in the media, or just plain grey. The Country Liberal Party, the main centre-right party in the Northern Territory, uses an ochre and black logo, the official colours of the NT (also used on the territory flag), and consistently gets ochre in media coverage. The Liberal National Party of Queensland is the main centre-right party in that state and uses a blue and yellow logo; media outlets consistently assign blue to the LNP.

Great to hear some love for my area. Up the Preston

Loved how Northern Ireland got bagpipe music when it came on screen. Nice touch.

02:31 The tradition of purple being a royal colour dates back to the Byzantine Empire where purple clothing was made from a dye that took a lot of labour to extract from sea snails. Due to it's expense it was mostly associated with the upper class, and being born a son under a currently reigning Emperor was known as being "Born in the Purple". Royal Blue comes to us from France where again the cost of the dyes to make blue colour was usually a flex on others to show you had wealth to afford it. For many years the standard of the Kings of France was a blue background emblazoned with a single or multiple Fleur-de-lis.

In the west, we do have a lot of color associations outside of the political sphere. Think about what colors you see a lot in corproate logos, and they're all intentionally selected because of what we think of when we see them. Blue is a color we tend to think of as safe and trustworthy, which is why you see it in so many bank logos while red is seen as being fast (and sometimes aggressive) which is where you'd see it in fast food logos. Oranges are seen by many older Americans as representing something cheap, so you'll see that as well for value brands and again in fast food. And there are associations with just about every other color with green being lucky, purple being exotic, yellow being both cowardly and energetic. Why we don't revere these colors in the west the same way as in the east, though, is a question I couldn't answer.

Excellent stuff JJ, lots of content! Although I noticed you forgot to cover the BC Marijuana Party. Since the Green Party kind of took their colour, they had to resort to this tobacco coloured greenish, yellowy-grey sort of thing.

Purple is so often thought of as the Royal color because back in the day the only way to make purple dye was very expensive so at the time only royals had it.

I see you have “Flags through the Ages and Across the World” in your desk. Good taste.

Just for the record here: the Austrian conservative party (ÖVP) also used to use the color "black" as its main color (which is a color associated with the peasantry which was the nucleus of Austrian conservatives, I think). In recent years the party color was changed to turquoise as part of a rebranding but as far as I know black is still a party color, being used by some more traditional conservatives in the countryside.

great topic !

Belgians also give metaphors to coalitians. Like Swedish coalition, Burgundian coalition both referencing flag/coat of arms colors. And then there's the Vivaldi coalition wich is a coalition of four parties (Blue, green, red and orange) which, as you may have guessed, refferences Vivaldi's "the four seasons" in their respective colors.

Deep, rich colours were very expensive historically (depending on what they were made from, and the amount of effort it took to dye things that colour), hence certain shades of red and blue being associated with rulers. Purple was made from a rare Mediterranean sea snail, which is why the Romans mandated that only those at the top of society (magistrates, generals and emperors) could wear it Although, when artificial dyes were invented, the colour mauve was adopted by the British republican movement (with green harkening back to the Levelers of the English Civil War). Purple, white and green were also used by the suffragettes

In Indonesia, where the political spectrum of the parties itself is often confused (all of them seem to adopt a pragmatic, centric stance to everything as long as it benefits them) the usage of colours seems to have no deep thinking behind it and every new party seems to just pick whatever colour is in vacancy at any particular moment. However, the new Partai Solidaritas Indonesia (Indonesian Solidarity Party), which was formed only a few years ago and is undisguisedly liberal, seems to have picked the colour red to deliberately associate themselves with the broader idea and history of red as being a symbol of revolution.

Great job, JJ 👍as always. And I have to admit I have total hair envy😉🥰

In Belgium there is also a rich coalition history, and with naming those coalisitions, from 2014-2019 we had the swedish coalitions, a combination of liberals (blue) and Flemish nationalists (yellow), whereas now we have the 'vivaldi' coalition, referring to the four seasons: green party, christian-democrats (orange), liberals (blue) and social-democrats (red), there were even talks about an Arizona-coalition after the last election of socialists, liberals, flemish nationalists and christian democrats (red, blue, yellow, orange) I don't know how they came up with that

I love how he spelled it color without the u. It’s a fun detail when you know what he thinks about false Canadian cultural items.

I feel like the rather calm colour blue is a good fit for the more "anti-revolutionary" conservative/liberal parties

10:20 That's funny, because the expression I heard was "Yellow Dog Democrat", which my 7th grade history teacher explained as referring to a person who is so dedicated to voting Democrat and never Republican that he would vote Democrat even if the Democrats nominated a yellow dog. For a long time up until around the 1970s this was associated, in the south, with neo-Confederates who would never vote for the party of Lincoln, which is why this would refer to Democrats who are very right wing and thus, by that point, tended to align more with Republicans than Democrats.

Nice, Half-Asleep Chris cameo.

Somewhat off-topic, but you've sparked a minor question for me here, JJ: America has been a very open society, with a vibrant press (for good or ill). America has also been politicially contentious. And, America has recently been a very powerful, and therefore consequential, country. All of this is to say that America has had a rather outsized voice (again, for good or ill). But the thing that strikes me, in this video about political colors particularly, is how out of step America often is with the rest of the world (red vs. blue, and whatnot). Which makes me wonder about future history books. After America's time has passed, with the preponderance of American literature, media, and culture... will future historians color the world in American colors? Will they apply American symbolism to the rest of America's sphere of influence? And to what extent do current and/or past historians erroneously color previous eras in the symbolism of the hegemon of the time? And how out of step could that hegemon have actually been? What will future historians make of imperial vs. metric? -edited for typos.

Are we just gonna ignore that all of the books JJ mentioned in the ad had colors in their title?

Your accent is fascinating to me Like, I adore color theory stuff, the video is well done, I've learned a lot. But this is the firat video from your channel I've seen, your voice is unique to my Texan ears. Anyways, keep up the good work

In Finland we also have a few of colour/theme based party coalitions. Our centrist democrats (SDP) + our agrarian party (Keskusta) = Red Ochre Coalition (red ochre being a type of traditional earth based paint used on houses) . There has also been a few instances of so many parties being in the goverment that it's just called a rainbow coalition.

1:33 That’s a weird thing to hear, as a Japanese I can’t think of any situation where Rayman wearing purple can be considered a problem... Maybe a bit unusual color for a protagonist but that doesn’t make it bad (just makes him kind of unique).

Speaking of popular slogans, I think "Inquilab Zindabad!" is a popular revolutionary slogan in India, meaning, "Long live the revolution!"

In Finland multiple parties use the same colours so they're commonly referred to instead by what they represent or what's on their logo. Both Keskusta (Farmers' interest centre party) and Vihreät (Green party) use green so when Keskusta is in parliament the combination of them and SDP (Social Democratic Party, centre left) who uses red is called "Punamulta" which means red dirt (dirt as in the nutrient rich type you plant in) and also a type of earth used in traditional paints, the dirt obviously a reference to their agrarian foundations. Then there's a billion parties that use almost the same blue.

5:30 The 'Shwing' soundbyte JJ used for Communism is only heard in the left ear. Clever, subtle touch.

A unifying slogan for Democrats was "vote blue no matter who": i.e. if you supported say Bernie in the primaries, vote Biden cause no matter the differences between Democrats they're all better than Trump. The only time I've heard colours used outside Northern Ireland is "the red wall", the idea of working class Labour areas in the North of England who switched to the Conservative Party (similar to the blue wall in American politics), and less commonly "red prince" (a Labour figure who is only in office allegedly because they are someone important's child such as Will Straw son of Jack Straw). A "red Tory" is not a left-wing tory but a Labour figure seen as too right-wing, while Blue Labour is a faction of socially conservative Labour supporters. The right-wing of the Liberal Democrats is called the "Orange Bookers". The Labour party's use of red was apparently the principle reason Vote Leave used that colour according to a documentary I watched where they interviewed the group's leader. Apparently this would help them win working class voters. Finally, patriotism has been invoked a few times with colours. When asked whether she favoured a "hard" or "soft" Brexit, Theresa May said she wanted a "red white and blue Brexit". I guess I should talk about Northern Ireland: a People Before Profit (radical left-wing) MLA said he went campaigning saying "we're neither orange nor green - we're for you" or a variation thereof. The three green parties across the country are the only to actually have a colour in the name.

Fun fact: in China, trading apps also have green and red which mark up and down. But it's actually the opposite: red means good, green means bad! Just an interesting fact I discovered recently.

In SA, one of our politicians walked into a court case wearing a red barrette. Since then, it has been shorthand for his political party.

Bravo!