The event occurred on March 21, 1960, in the Black township of Sharpeville, near Vereeniging, South Africa. ⁠
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For years, many South Africans chose to peacefully protest apartheid laws, including the passed laws. In March 1960, Pan African Congress (PAC) decided to organize a peaceful protest in Sharpeville. On March 21, thousands of South Africans marched to the Sharpeville police station. They gathered in peaceful defiance, refusing to carry their passbooks chanting freedom songs. More police began to appear, along with increasing numbers of armored vehicles. Military jets began to fly overhead. Then, without warning, the police opened fire on the unarmed crowd.⁠
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In total, 69 people were killed and more than 180 people were injured. A later report reveals over 700 bullets had been fired, all by police. A state of emergency was declared in South Africa, more than 11,000 people were detained, and the PAC and ANC were outlawed. ⁠
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The anniversary of the Sharpeville Massacre is remembered around the world every March 21 on the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
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