The ULTIMATE One Time Pad Tutorial

Рет қаралды 14,483

2 жыл бұрын

The One Time Pad is a truly uncrackable encryption method that has its origins in the 1800s. In this video, I'll teach you how to use it. Digital is fast and weak; analogue is slow and strong. Let's go old school!
📝 MENTIONED IN THE VIDEO:
- Secure communications with the One Time Pad by Dirk Rijmenants: www.ciphermachinesandcryptolo...
- The history One Time Pad from the CryptoMusuem: www.cryptomuseum.com/crypto/o...
📽 GEAR USED TO MAKE THIS VIDEO:
- iPhone 12 Pro
- iOS camera app (4k 24fps)
- Leica Q2 (4k 24fps)
- Lavalier microphone
- Apple Final Cut Pro
- Apple Motion
🎵 Where I get my Music (amazing for KZfaqrs) - share.epidemicsound.com/ye2zqm
PS: Some of the links in this description are affiliate links that I get a kickback from 🤝
#encryption #cybersecurity #cryptography
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Website: www.garyruddell.com

Пікірлер: 85

@Tranquillado Жыл бұрын

Over the holidays my uncle talked about the existence of numbers stations, which, naturally, most of us had never heard of, so I’ve been deep-diving into the whole shebang, and it led me here!

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

Hey! Your Uncle sounds like a cool dude!

@MikeClarkeARVR 10 ай бұрын

You forgot to warn the kids that it ain't easy generating truly random numbers, and one has to be quite careful where you generate them and how you store your pads. I've heard Lava Lamps are good sources of randomness. ;)

@theGaryRuddell 10 ай бұрын

I think I mentioned that in here! And yeah, CloudFlare nailed that!

@dariusrunge6800 Жыл бұрын

I really like this video because it brings attention to a topic that is very niche but valuable in my opinion: Handling data in a transparent way. Anyone can understand why the one time pad is secure - not the same as for automated encryption using ordinary computers. I get that they are useful for everyday tasks like banking, but for messages that are personal, OTP has often overlooked potential even today. By the way, I am working on this subject (transparent data processing) in general but so far, have not published that much. There are many ways in which both old techniques (such as chemical photography if a photo is confidential - only if you develop it yourself, of course) or new ones (performing research without disclosing which questions you are asking, PIR) can be used for a degree of secrecy ordinary computers simply cannot achieve verifiably.

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

Thanks Darius. You’re absolutely right about you can understand how it works and where it becomes exploitable. Unlike the high tech stuff on our phones!

@orca2162 Жыл бұрын

And that explains private keys, excellent content and quality, profoundly informative

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

Thanks Orca! Glad you enjoyed it :)

@ktmusicstudio 2 жыл бұрын

i didn't expect this level of production quality! good job mate keep it up!

@theGaryRuddell 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you KT! New video dropping today. Hands on to tutorial on the command line for beginners! Less prod and more info!

@ktmusicstudio 2 жыл бұрын

@@theGaryRuddell and yeah I have a quick question, when using like CT-46 graph to encrypt, I have a problem with the decryption cuz how u identify one-digit letters like A = 1 right,, so like that how we gonna identify one-digit letters! (um sorry about my bad English)

@theGaryRuddell 2 жыл бұрын

Hey! I’d need to see you doing it in action but maybe just go over the instructions with a friend in slow time to see what you’re doing wrong?

@alfredpetersson Жыл бұрын

@@ktmusicstudio All the one digit letters are 1-5 none of the two digit letters start with 1-5 so if a letter starts with 1-5 you know it's a single sigit. This is assuming I understood it correctly.

@ktmusicstudio Жыл бұрын

@@alfredpetersson 😇 thank u

@TK-ni1pl Жыл бұрын

BEST video, I have seen on the one time pad! Well done!

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

That means a lot! Thank you for watching and I’m glad you enjoyed it 💜

@athalaparlambang50 9 ай бұрын

I learned One time pad as well but the one from 0-25 (A-Z), but I wanna thank you for sharing to us something meaningful.

@theGaryRuddell 9 ай бұрын

Thanks so much for your kind comment!

@musicnerd7296 Жыл бұрын

Awesome work! This video is really well done.

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

Thanks Music Nerd! I really appreciate that feedback 😊

@somebody3014 9 ай бұрын

Explained very well, huge respect!

@theGaryRuddell 9 ай бұрын

Thanks so much 😊

@xselaholiviax8593 Жыл бұрын

Wow very easy to understand and informative thank you and keep it going!

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

Thanks 🙏🏼 xSelehOliviax!

@Zerbey 5 ай бұрын

I remember learning this in school but forgot how to do it, thank you for such a quick and easy explanation! Those creepy numbers stations you hear on shortwave likely use this exact same method.

@theGaryRuddell 5 ай бұрын

Glad it brought back some memories. Yeah the numbers stations are cool!

@user-zl1ru3xi8t 10 ай бұрын

Thank you so much for sharing this video .I wish they would teach this to the public more

@theGaryRuddell 10 ай бұрын

It’s good fun to practice as well. Kids would love it!

@dondouglass6415 9 ай бұрын

What an absolutely fantastic video.... Huzzah!!

@theGaryRuddell 9 ай бұрын

Thank you! Cheers!

@furkansahinvarsl6448 3 ай бұрын

Video is very good THANK YOU

@theGaryRuddell 3 ай бұрын

Thank you!

@brianreacts8792 Жыл бұрын

thanks! i now run a nubmbers station! (CPNS-52)

@theGaryRuddell 7 ай бұрын

That’s cool!!

@sam2943 5 ай бұрын

Well explained, thanks. Now just need to figure out how to make a code book and one of those letter pads.

@theGaryRuddell 5 ай бұрын

Check out the PDF in the description 👍🏼

@laserdaves Жыл бұрын

at 10:15 surely you have made a mistake ? you are ADDING THE plain text to the Key, insted of subtracting the key from the Plain text as you did in the first example ?

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

Hey! It doesn’t respect the 10 when you do the math. Check out Dirk’s PDF in the description for a full on break down of why it works 😊

@mr.e2962 Жыл бұрын

I looked up the paper by DIRK RIJMENANTS, however, it did not have the small one-time pad key sheets you used in the video. do you have a link to a pdf. that has those?

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

Hey! Oh I made that in Excel using the random function!

@krisdouglas6536 5 ай бұрын

How do you do numbers though ? as in entering co-ordinates ? This is the first ive seen without numbers, or am i missing something. Cheers for the vid mate

@theGaryRuddell 5 ай бұрын

Hey, got to 7:32 and pay attention to F-L at number 98. That’s how to switch between figures and letters. Make sense?

@Zerbey 5 ай бұрын

Agree to some secret method with your recipient. Maybe if I send you an "D" then the next sequence will be numbers until I send "L". Have another pad that has the codes for numbers or reuse the first 10 letters. Your choice, have fun with it!

@rony979 11 ай бұрын

Hi Gary, My question is, if the person should send both Encrypted msg and Key numbers to the recipient? Because, without the key it's not possible to decrypt. If key is not sent then how the recipient could possible know what the key is, even though the recipient have this cheatsheet. The recipient must know the where to look at in his cheatsheet. on the flip side, if the sender is sending key too, then it's out already. I am kind of confused. Appreciate your advise.

@theGaryRuddell 11 ай бұрын

Yeah the key needs to be sent for sure! As I mentioned in the video, this is one of the hardest parts of the operation. A whole book of keys will be printed and given to the recipient. This little book needs to be kept secret…obviously. I recommend you read the PDF linked in the description. The more you read about this, the less confused you’ll be.

@rony979 11 ай бұрын

@@theGaryRuddell Thanks a lot Gary. Really appreciate it.

@Zerbey 5 ай бұрын

@@theGaryRuddell You don't even need pads. Have you and your recipient subscribe to the same daily newspaper, or daily blog, or whatever you pick. Make the first article be your key for that day. Agree on some method to convert the letters to numbers and change it up every week. That way when the NSA break down your door they will never find the key.

@pollf100 11 ай бұрын

Wouldnt random numbers had repatsions in them aswell?

@theGaryRuddell 11 ай бұрын

Generating truly random numbers is hard. Some would say it’s almost impossible.

@brizzell2101 Жыл бұрын

How does the receiver know what numbers to use

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

They have a copy of the pad that the sender is using. When the sender encrypts, they destroy their pad. And when the receiver decrypts, they destroy their copy. One time use only. It’s a challenge making and distributing these keys. Unlike Signal/Telegram/iMessage which are lightning fast.

@brizzell2101 Жыл бұрын

@@theGaryRuddell I get that on 2:27. What's the sheet starting with 655 (not a time stamp). Yeah why not just one set of numbers on the pad? Then there's all this math?

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

@@brizzell2101 the 655 sheet is an encryption and decryption sheet - a one time pad. So you would have it and so would I. And yeah the math just depends on what side of the conversation you’re on. Send VS receive. Hope that helps? The best thing I’ve found to do is to have a go at doing it yourself!

@AViewThroughLensLens 9 ай бұрын

Do you have a suggestion on how to generate truly random numbers for the OTPs?

@theGaryRuddell 9 ай бұрын

Hey! It’s hard. You can use static, lava lamps, radioactivity and all sorts. But it’s just hard to do on a personal computer etc

@AViewThroughLensLens 9 ай бұрын

@@theGaryRuddell Oh, I wouldn't try on a PC. I was just wondering if you have a preferred method of creating random numbers by non-electronic means. Great video, BTW.

@theGaryRuddell 9 ай бұрын

@AViewThroughLensLens that’s HARD!!!!! Use dice! But it’s INCREDIBLY manual.

@RedPillTruth2023 Жыл бұрын

How is the initial key created? 😊

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

Good question. This is one of the flaws in the process. I used Excel’s RANDOM function but that’s not truly random so you have to be careful with it. You can sample white noise to use as a seed to truly randomise the data creation 👍🏼

@gregevans8939 2 күн бұрын

In WW2 they recorded the sounds outside of the office window in Oxford Street (I think) to derive the random key data sets. The realised that the sounds of car horns/buses pulling away/kids shouting etc. was not predictable in any way.

@n3x1s4 6 ай бұрын

If the key was shorter than the message itself, would instances of "the" "no" "yes" ... become obvious again? It seems like they would have to be. So one drawback of this method is that the size of your message is restricted by the size of your key.

@theGaryRuddell 6 ай бұрын

Correct! That’s why you have the crib sheets and code sheets

@pogchampminku2535 7 ай бұрын

I'm a number station enthusiast. Where can I get my hands on a cryptographically secure random number generator, I want to be able to have some fun with this method of message encryption :)

@theGaryRuddell 7 ай бұрын

Hey! If you’re just having fun with it, I’d use a spreadsheet!

@pogchampminku2535 7 ай бұрын

@@theGaryRuddell I'd still like to know where to get a truly random number generator

@subxi5744 7 ай бұрын

Hello, feel free to use my digital version of the one-time pad cipher: github.com/SubXi/otpy-framework2 It has a CSRNG that is non-deterministic, which is the closest you'll get to truly random numbers (i.e. perfectly secure for real use). The other alternative is using the random.org website which generates numbers from atmospheric noise, but I cannot vouch for it.

@theGaryRuddell 7 ай бұрын

@@subxi5744 that’s awesome!

@AViewThroughLensLens 8 ай бұрын

FYI, your newsletter link, below, is broken.

@theGaryRuddell 8 ай бұрын

Thanks for flagging!

@rid9 Жыл бұрын

How about this? 1. Create a 10 MB file of random pads (that's 50k pads with 9 random numbers per cell, so it can encrypt up to 441 words / characters per 5x10 pad). 2. Store this file on Alice and Bob's devices. 3. Create an app that reads the file and uses random pads from it to encrypt / decrypt messages. Wouldn't this make an uncrackable instant messenger? That would take up 1 GB for 100 friends, and when people meet in person, they can refresh the pads.

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

Yeah that sounds interesting. I guess it would be, the issue would be the device it’s running on wouldn’t be uncrackable so a threat actor could read the characters as they’re typed in using a keylogger etc

@rid9 Жыл бұрын

@@theGaryRuddell True, when the device is compromised, there's nothing you can do about it. But I'm thinking that past messages would still be uncrackable, because the old pads would be erased.

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

Yeah sounds similar to the paper method! Should work - worth trying. That’s the best way to figure it out. Have a go!

@Munky332 9 ай бұрын

Seems like you could improve on this by using hexadecimal, or some other machine code. Obviously at that point it wouldn't be very easily manually decoded and you'd want some machine to do it for you.

@theGaryRuddell 9 ай бұрын

Removing machines is a big part of the goal of the OTP. Machines are used to create the codes, but after that, it's all done manually as a matter of priority.

@KO4DFJRadio 2 ай бұрын

I wouldn’t send it via Morse code over the air as it is illegal per the license conditions!

@theGaryRuddell 2 ай бұрын

If you have the need AND capability to make use of these facilities, you likely: A) already have the authority. B) don’t care about the authority.

@mr.e2962 Жыл бұрын

Instead of doing the addition and subtraction one number at a time, why not make them double digits and do the addition and subtraction like that. You would still use the same rules as you would for the single digit, just with two digits.

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

I think using single digits results in a shorter transmission. Think about doing morse code etc. if I’m reading your message right!

@mr.e2962 Жыл бұрын

@@theGaryRuddell I am referring to the math you were doing to get the Encrypted text.

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

Ohhhh. I’ll have a look at that! Thanks 😊

@jkallo Ай бұрын

Bro if this is what k4 is encrypted with then Jim's a massive ....

@theGaryRuddell Ай бұрын

Ha. Jim Sanborn. What a legend.

@arooobine Жыл бұрын

Your description "Digital is fast and weak; analogue is slow and strong" is wrong. What you are doing on paper is literally a digital process. "Digital" means having to do with digits, which is what you are doing. The word has nothing whatsoever to do with electronics or computers. That's just a common association due to the fact that most digital machines are electronic computers. An analog encryption process would be something else entirely.

@theGaryRuddell Жыл бұрын

I guess the spirit of what’s being demonstrated is modern computer encryption vs old school methods! Cheers Benjamin 😊