Trigeminal System | Neuroanatomy
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▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Contents of this video ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
TRIGEMINAL SYSTEM:
Trigeminal Ganglion is primarily a sensory ganglion & has 3 sensory divisions;
1-Ophthalmic Division [V1]to the eye; enters orbital cavity through Superior Orbital Fissure (SOF)
2-Maxillary Division; [V2] enters Cranial Cavity through Foramen Rotundum
3-Mandibular Division; [V3] enters through Foramen Ovalle
Sensory Root of Trigeminal Ganglion enters into CNS, at Mid Pontine area & Motor Root leaves through Foramen Ovalle.
V1: Upper part of face; lateral part of nose, forehead, upper part of head
V2: Supplies cheek, upper lip, lower part of eye
V3; Chin, lower face
TRIGEMINAL NUCLEI in brain are:
1-Mesencephalic Trigeminal nucleus in midbrain
2-Principal Pontine Sensory Trigeminal nucleus
3-Spinal nucleus of Trigeminal system
Sensory fibers from the Trigeminal System enter into these nuclei; and fibers from all 3 Trigeminal nuclei merge together as Trigeminal Lemniscus and end up into Ventral-posteromedial (VPM) nucleus of Thalamus.
MOTOR SUPPLY by TG System:
Muscles of Mastication, Tensor Tympani, Tensor Vali Palatini, Mylohyoid & Anterior Belly of Digastric
Trigeminal Sensory root: some part (outside CNS obviously) is covered by Oligodendrocytes (instead of Schwann cells)
Clinical Co-relate; Diseases affecting CNS myelination will also affect this part of Trigeminal Sensory Root; Multiple Sclerosis; T-cell mediated damage to Oligodendrocytes.
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