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São Paulo (pronounced AFI : [sɐ̃w̃ ˈpawlu] loudspeaker.svg listen ) is a Brazilian municipality, the capital of the homonymous state and the main financial, corporate, and commercial center in South America. [ 8 ] It is the most populous city in Brazil, the American continent, the Portuguese - speaking world, and the entire southern hemisphere. [ 9 ]São Paulo is the most influential Brazilian city on the global stage, being, in 2016, the 11th most globalized city on the planet, [ 8 ] receiving the alpha global city classification by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group & Network ( GaWC). [ 10 ] The city's motto, present in its official coat of arms, is Non-ducor, duco, a Latin phrase that means "I am not led, I lead". [ 11 ]
Founded in 1554 by Jesuit priests, the city is known worldwide and exerts a strong national influence and significant international importance, whether from a cultural , economic or political point of view . It has important monuments , parks and museums , such as the Latin America Memorial , the Portuguese Language Museum , the Ipiranga Museum , MASP , Ibirapuera Park , the Botanical Garden of São Paulo and Paulista Avenue , and events of great impact , such asInternational Art Biennial , the Formula 1 Brazilian Grand Prix , São Paulo Fashion Week and the LGBT Pride Parade .
The metropolis has the 23rd largest GDP in the world , [ 12 ] representing, alone, 11% of all Brazilian GDP , 34% of the state's GDP , [ 13 ] as well as 36% of all its production of goods and services , in addition to being the headquarters of 63% of the multinationals established in Brazil, [ 14 ] being responsible for 28% of all national scientific production in 2005, [ 15 ] and for more than 40% of the patents produced in the country. [ 16 ]The city is also the headquarters of B3 (acronym for Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão ), the 5th largest stock exchange in the world in terms of market capitalization (2017 data), resulting from the merger of the Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de São Paulo (BM&FBOVESPA) with the Central for the Custody and Financial Settlement of Securities (CETIP). [ 17 ] São Paulo also concentrates many of the tallest buildings in Brazil , such as the Mirante do Vale , Itália , Altino Arantes , Torre Norte , among others.
The city is the 8th most populous on the planet and its metropolitan area , with about 21 million inhabitants, [ 18 ] is the 10th largest urban agglomeration in the world . [ 19 ] The capital of São Paulo also has a cosmopolitan character , given that, in 2016, it had native residents from 196 different countries. [ 20 ] Regions around Greater São Paulo are also metropolises , such as Campinas , Baixada Santista and Vale do Paraíba; in addition to other nearby cities, which comprise urban agglomerations in the process of conurbation , such as Sorocaba and Jundiaí . This complex of metropolises - the so-called Expanded Metropolitan Complex - reached 33 million inhabitants in 2017 [ 21 ] (about 75% of the state's population [ 21 ] and 12% of the country's population) forming the first megalopolis in the southern hemisphere , [ 22 ] responsible for producing 80% of São Paulo's GDP and almost 30% of Brazil's GDP. [ 23 ]In 2021, it was considered by the Boston Consulting Group one of the 45 best cities in the world to live in. [ 24 ]