Imagine a dark matter version of our world trying to figure out luminous matter lol

Even if I take nothing else from this video, the notion that *neutrinos are dark matter so we have proof some of it exists* is mind-blowing. Mostly mind-blowing because it's the first time I've heard this, I still thought dark matter was only hypothesized, while I very well knew about neutrino-detecting labs.

I'm grateful for y'all's contagious excitement. Personally, this vid is an important and beautiful reminder that we're all starstuff, figuring things out one mystery at a time. It made me proud of humans, and not many things have done that lately. I appreciate your time and knowledge! 🙏🌌

Maybe the real dark matter were the friends we made along the way

I would love being friends with a guy like him.

Dr. Sutter! That guy is everywhere and and that is AWESOME!

You did a wonderful job with the explanations. It was funny and informative, which is a hard line to walk.

This is a such a cool video, the intro makes this feel like it's an HBO special! The rest feels like a seminar haha but an interesting one

What a wonderful video, and Paul Sutter is always smart, fun, and entertaining,

I still don’t get it

The fact that dark matter doesn’t interact with matter , just breaks my brain , and I love it 😂

Is it possible that dark matter doesn't consist of particles? Could gravitational effects be more akin to fields interacting in some unknown way?

it’s almost like we’re fish trying to detect water

Cool video but the constant switching to weird camera angles is really disorienting and off putting. I'd recommend to limit that in the future.

I've always wondered: what happens to dark matter when it hits a black hole? Since black holes are just extremely curved spacetime this should affect dark matter as well...

Wow! Amazing episode. Great overview of DM and the efforts to find it. Also, fantastic production qualities but one small comment - lose the overhead camera. I heard from another presenter you probably know (Dr. Gay) that in addition to the lack of mass neutrinos are too hot to be a candidate for DM. Is there some theory that says massive neutrinos would be colder and a better candidate? One last question: Do you lecture at your university and are your lectures on-line?

good presentation of the material

Strictly speaking, at 8:02 it'd not be "proving one of these hypotheses right", it would be "eliminating many of these hypotheses". I always understood scientific theory to mean that a hypothesis can be proven wrong, but it can't be proven right

It reminds me during undergrad astronomy class, professor basically said we know a lot about the baryonic matter, only a little about dark matter and almost nothing about dark energy...

Bro wtf. First he says dark matter cannot interact with "our" matter. Then suddenly it can and we are supposedly hunting for it.

I like the idea that dark matter is gravity bleeding through from the other dimensions where the laws of physics are ever so slightly different.

Seriously, it is hard for me to understand what they said in this video. But i am just fascinated by the name dark matter. Recently got interested in the science stuff. Got a google many of the things they have mentioned in the video.

Combine: 1. Nxy = number of superpositions per m^2= wave function frequency 2. Cosmological constant in Dxy stretching spacetime [m^-2] = lp^2/λ^4= lp^2 Nxy ^2 [m^2] [m^-4] 3. Schrodinger solution 4. Einstein E= m c^2 Result: dark matter = superpositions (recoherence) of the neutrino (Axion?) which gives the neutrino extra mass Dxy = lp^2/λ^4= lp^2 Nxy^2 Nxy = sqrt(Dxy / lp^2)= (Dxy / lp^2) ^0.5 Nxy = sqrt ( 1.1056 10^-52 / 2.612 10^ -70) = 0.65 10^9 Schrodinger solution: Nxy^2 h^2 / ( 8 m L^2) = m c^2 8 m L^2 m c^2= Nxy^2 h^2 m ^2= Nxy^2 h^2 /( 8 L^2 c^2) m = + - (Nxy^2 h^2 0.125 L^-2 c^-2)^0.5 m= (0.42 10^18 43.9 10^-68 8.99 10^-16)^0.5 = 166 10^-33 kg = 0.931 Mev/c^2 ( all superpositions). 1 particle = 166 10^-33/ ( 0.65 10^9) = 255 10^-42 kg = 0.143 10^-3 eV/c^2 Axion? dark matter = superpositions (recoherence) of the neutrino (Axion ?) which gives the neutrino extra mass Recoherence foton = dark matter? kzfaq.info/get/bejne/a790dbZo3cfLp3U.html

The only Astrophysicist I wouldn't mind having a beer with.

Great video. I get it now.

Ha! Cash register sound when his book appears... Hilarious... Well done.

Dark matter is key to observing different points in time at the same space.

I have many questions mainly to do with observable phenomena that we should see more of that we don't, or so I believe. 1. If dark matter interracts with gravity, should it or why does it not attract itself to create dark matter bodies like planets or stars? If it does, shouldn't we possibly see galaxies with invisible cores or with significantly less stars for their size than they should? 2. If it doesn't react with its own gravitational field, then why would they interact with gravitational fields from visible matter. Would that then make dark matter a universal filler like aether? If so, why would galaxies stay connected since the force of gravity would be diffused throughout the universe and galaxies are only traveling through clusters that make them stable but then they're annihilated once they leave the higher concentrated areas? 3. Assuming that dark matter cannot react to the gravity fields of itself but can react with with those made by visible matter, then wouldn't we see different concentrations in planetary cores? Why wouldn't we see celestial bodies with significantly more gravitational force than others of a similar or exact same mass? Would it even be possible to calculate a universal gravitational constant associated with visible matter? On that note, if it makes up 80%-90% of the universe, wouldn't we also be able to detect more black holes and even black holes that don't have enough mass to sustain the gravitational force necessary to sustain one to begin with? Even if they're small enough that the Hawkin's Radiation, then shouldn't we be able to detect smaller spontaneous black holes being created all the time? 4. Assuming dark matter has the properties of the 3rd point, then we could assume that in the creation of the solar system that there would be a ring of it orbiting around the Earth or any of the other planets or even sun (or a sphere if it can't collide with itself) creating a gravitational field that would be easiest to detect with a sensor on a satellite? On that note, if it can't collide with itself, wouldn't there be a similar sphere around the galaxy that would have the mass necessary to rip stars and systems out of their current orbits around all galaxies, in different vectors so that disc-shaped galaxies would be rare? 5. How do we explain the existance of galaxies without dark matter, ones where their mass is sufficient to sustain orbit? Theories persist that their dark matter was stripped by nearby galaxies, but- considering the abundance of it-why would it leave any of the visible matter behind instead of the galaxies merging? Please help me understand the theoretical properties of dark matter since I've had a ridiculously hard time finding any information on the subject, instead, just the evidence we've seen that leads us to assume its existence.

If space time twist like galaxies, it will be more dense towards the center, or dark matter is another space time structure, same particles, but different structure.

Awesome vid, love your passion and the wacky camera action keeps it exciting.

wait so if dark matter were to prove the matter/anti-matter symmetry, would it be somewhat like anti-matter?

I wonder if dark matter could actually be bumps in the curvature of spacetime.

My brain melted. But it's is an interesting topic.

Dr. Thomas Charles Van Flandern, an expert in celestial mechanics, but apparently politically constrained in what he could say, indicated different frequencies are due to different light speeds, and at the time it made no sense to me as I took it to mean he was saying there were multiple light speeds at the same point in space. Eventually it became apparent to me that lightspeed could be gravity sensitive, that it gravitationally speeds up to gravitationally blueshift. After that, what Van Flandern said made perfect sense to me, he was talking about the same photon under different gravities. The only argument against variable light speed might as well be attributed to a revolutionary flatworm creation of bent-spacetime groomers, a theoretical decay effect of light bending, as if light and gravity fields cannot exchange energies directly.

Puffs blunt, we are in a giant neutrino

Great video, thanks! :)

liked subscribed and belled.....this guy is really fun and entertaining in his delivery, and that helps complex information go down much more easily 👏 👍 super cool video and lesson!!!! 🤩

Love your work ❣️

So the Victorian idea of a sea of "ether" was at least not too far off the mark.

It’s a math “fudge” we’re pretending is real until we figure out a better understanding of what gravity is. Like claiming you just sailed over an edge and vanished if you sailed in a straight line long enough before we learned the Earth was round.

Why is this not on Paul Sutter channel?

Why do stars form like pearls on a necklace? Can you measure the fields located between the stars from this string of pearls? This incredibly powerful Birkeland Current is missing from your equation.

All matter and energy hold the potentiality for spawning life which leads to variables whose actions can be altered based on their observation of the universe. Dark matter cannot form in such a way that it’s byproduct (life) can become affected by observation of the universe. If we break all life down as nothing more than matter and energy with varying degrees of behavioral predictability, we find that reacting to the universe is itself the missing variable in the equations.

We are beginning from the assumption that Relativity is correct. But if it can't explain the existence of 85% of matter of the universe, is it possible that the theory is fundamentally wrong? Instead of looking at the mystery of the 'dark matter', could it be that our glasses with which we were looking at them was faulty in the first place?

I like this guy. Almost like a new Bill Nye but very much his own vibe

It's funny that many of the commenters here think they can explain astrophysical phenomenons better than most astrophysicists

...A new must watch channel...

Assuming the assumptions made in interpreting the measurements are correct, which implies there is a lot of "extra invisible mass" in the universe, then that "dark matter" is simply ordinary matter which is too dark to observe by current instruments! For example, comparing old photographs of galaxies, with modern deep imaging, reveals far more faint material in the outer parts of all of the galaxies. This explains that the "discrepant" galaxy rotation curve rates found by Vera Rubin are due to faint ordinary matter, not some elusive exotic "dark matter" which extensive search has failed to identify.

I really want to everything about the universe. It seems so interesting,scary and fun.

Perhaps, if you account that Matter and Antimatter werent the only ones in the beginning of the universe, you may know why it wasnt annihilated. In the beginning there was 5 types of matter: 1. Very Heavy-Matter ( Interacts with Strong Force / Magnetism ) / 50% 2. Heavy-Matter ( Interacts with Weak Force / Gravity ) / 30 % 3. Common Matter ( Projects Magnetism / Gravity ) / 20 % 4. Very-Light Matter ( Dont interact with Matter/Antimatter ) 5. Antimatter ( Rarely interact with Matter, due to Heavy Matter forces, and does not have forces property. ) You know that you cannot destroy matter, so you are missing that when an Anti-Particle hits its Particle, It unleashes energy which decays to Very-Heavy Matter / Dark Matter. This can be proved with the expansion of the universe itself.

It's unmeasured light

So the reason why the neutrinos isn't the dark matter is that there isn't enough of it? Could it be that there isn't a single dark matter particle but a whole group of dark matter particles? If so then the neutrinos could be one of them.

the lady was really excited on telling science stuff, you can see her smile

Electric Universe theories do not require dark matter.

Paul sutter : I'm so excited omg i have so many questions 🥹 Janna: Calm down bro 🤦🏽‍♂️

There is an "elephant in the room" explanation for those abnormally high star rotation rates. Einstein explained it in the 1939 journal "Annals of Mathematics". Wherever you have an astronomical quantity of mass "dilation" (sometimes called gamma or y) will occur. Mass that is dilated is smeared through spacetime relative to an outside observer. General relativity does not predict singularities when you factor in dilation. Einstein repeatedly spoke about this that's why nobody believed in black holes when he was alive. There is no place in the universe where mass is more concentrated than at the center of a galaxy. 99.8% of the mass in our solar system is in the sun. 99.9% of the mass in an atom is in the nucleus. If these norms are true for galaxies than we can infer that there is 100's of trillions of solar masses at the center of high mass galaxies. There is no way to know through observation, there is far too much interference, dilation and gravitational lensing. High mass means high momentum. If we attribute a radius to these numbers than we can calculate that relativistic velocities exist in these regions. The mass at the center of our own galaxy is dilated, in some sublime way that mass is all around us, there is no direction you can point your finger that you are not pointing to it. There is no "mystery" mass, there is just mass at differing degrees of dilation. Low mass galaxies have normal star rotation rates. This is what relativity would predict because there is an insufficient quantity of mass for relativistic velocities to be achieved. This is proof that Einstein is correct, there can be no other explanation for this fact. Einstein formulated relativity before the existence of galaxies was known. It is clear that the mass is dilated through the galaxy and not the universe as a whole. It exists everywhere and every when the galaxy has been. It is the cosmic backround radiation. There is no black holes or dark matter, there is just relativity.

The apparent effect of Dark Matter might 'just' as well be our complete lack of understanding of some key aspect of the Universe. Like that story some time ago with the Michelson-Morley experiment. Mind you ,I will never doubt the knowledge and education of a professional astrophysicist, but it's not like Dark Matter hasn't been searched for!

I encourage people to check out Pavel Kroupa's latest interview on how the dark matter community is now more cultlike than ever (see Axioms on Trial for the video)

We can't see because it doesn't interact with light but the particles of gravity called gravitons.. see gravitons and you one step closer to seeing dark matter. Thank you

4:48 Damn ok I was never expecting to be flexed on by a chalkboard

I'm sorry, but no, we don't know that dark matter exists. We can only infer it's presence. What we do know is that there is too much gravity given the amount of visible matter in galaxies we've studied. The theory that I think is far more likely is that this unexplained gravity is relativistic mass generated by the flow of spacetime past these large structures of galaxies, galaxy clusters, and the cosmic web. Incidentally this would also explain dark energy by inferring that as spacetime curves around these structures that a miniscule amount of kinetic energy is transferred to these structures thus powering the acceleration of the expansion of the universe. Such a model would also make it very clear as to why there is such a large disparity between the measurements of normal matter as compared to our calculations of dark matter(dark gravity) and dark energy.

I don’t understand anything he’s saying but I’m still interested

“we just haven’t seen any yet!!” What do you meannnnn you just said it was everywhere!!! So waiting a really long time for the flash of heat to be detected doesn’t make any sense, because dark matter should be EVERYWHERE (according to what you’re saying)

I'm glad he mentioned 'theory' at one point.

09:20 rumor has it that Janna used to have straight hair... and then she became a physicist.

Will the James Webb Telescope help with the search for dark matter?

All the evidence says "dark matter" is obviously not matter. There is unexplained energy in the Universe that has a force similar to the gravity associated with matter. The inflationary force of space drives the behavior of solids, gases, liquids, and plasma in our Universe, and telling ourselves that there must be invisible matter driving their behavior is magical thinking. The answer lies in understanding the force of space and how it works throughout our Universe.

Can we try a different light source? Like a UV vs LED vs florescent.🤷🏾‍♀️but maybe at a specific temperature

If regular matter equals energy then antimatter also equals anti-energy. What if this anti-energy state doesn't interact with the regular matter/energy, the way anti'matter' does, but it behaves like dark energy instead? What if dark energy is anti-energy form of antimatter?

One of my fav astrophysicist

Dark matter is 25% or 27% or 84% of everything? What am I mixing up?

great dear! you nailed it

Loved the video ❤️🙏

What are the products of fusion? Do they produce something that when they travel to deep space where temperature goes down they form dark matter and dark energy?

I have a few theories that I don't usually see on the internet

9:34 “[…] and wait, a really long time […]” Why would we whale to wait a really long time if dark matter is all around us all the time? Wouldn’t it make sense that we would see its effects immediately?

Maybe Dark Matter is simply The Void (vaacum) of Space where there is no pressure at absolute 0. Any takers?

I thought that was Sean Evans from Hot Ones for a second... well this is different lol

I wish he is my Professor back then in highschool :)

Way above my level but, hey! Least I have one of them fancy flipping chalkboard too

I feel that, talking about dark matter and Scientists saying it exists but dont completely know what it is and still haven't found an explanation for it but they do think that it exists. All this just resembles a common question that almost every person has asked them selves "Does God exist?" . We can all feel that God exists and there's a lot of evidence that explain that God exists but most people just ignore that feeling because they feel there's no true way to prove that He exists. There are People that actually believe he exists but find it hard to explain his existence but they do have a gut feeling he exists. These two subjects are completely different but you can compare the similarities.

Here's My Hypothesis: We may be looking through a gravitational lens caused by our supermassive black hole at the center of the milky way galaxy. Perhaps this is warping the light from galaxies outside of our own, making them appear to be moving faster than they should, given their apparent masses. This local gravitational lensing may explain why only far distance reveals this speed discrepancy.

When we were first starting to look at the quantum world. One of the 1st questions we asked were thing discreet ( like peas ) or was it continuous ( like mashed potatoes). Should we be asking the same questions when looking at dark matter or dark energy? Just a thought 🤔

Given what I've learned about dark matter over the years none of the detection methods make sense anymore, we're trying to detect a matter type we cant see or interact with by looking for it and seeing if it interacts with normal matter. We know it interacts with gravity and therefore time because spacetime but we dont see it interacting with much else. Unless it interacts electromagnetically, say by causing chaotic perturbations in electromagnetic fields then gravitational detection may be the only way. My personal theory is that it's either just a new form of matter created by black holes and replacing normal matter as a new study suggests, a form of matter which sits in a higher dimension therefore it only interacts with certain fields such as gravity or it is a form of matter which isnt even in our universe, that we see actual matter but only the gravitational shadow of it from another universe overlapping with ours in a weird almost metaphysical way Also what if there are many different types of dark matter akin to our normal matters periodic table

Excellent, thanks 😊

Magnetism… is not visible yet has affects on our world. What if the universe itself had “magnetic poles”? What if the mysterious force is simply us living inside of a huge magnetic field that affects other forces like gravity?

The NFW model made me lol hahahaha

We ppl don’t have to know all things in just one breathe, let the universe surprise us, in the universe perfect time.

What I'm interested in (being a power hungry General) is can we weaponize it?

*Speaking of thought experiments,* The speed of light is merely a mathematical construct. In reality gravity drops off exponentially outside of a galaxy allowing for time to speed up and the other thing that happens, which people seem to forget, is that less gravity also allows for distance to be expanded, which results in less distance compared to our contracted distance inside of a galaxy. So less gravity allows for our observation of the light to travel 186,000 miles at a faster rate of time over an inflated measure of distance relative to where we are inside of the galaxy causing the speed of light to be greatly increased relative to where we are in a more contracted measure of distance and a slower rate of time if GR is true and GR is now more of an observation than a theory. No dark matter and no dark energy required.

I thought dark matter was completely invisible, cold, and collision-less because it was an atom(s) that was at the temperature 0 kelvin, so it didn’t have any energy to give off in the form of movement or light or anything that can be measured.

Thank you!

Is dark matter so diffuse that its spread across the solar system in even density? Or does it interact with gravitational waves in such a way that it can orbit bodies or even sink inside of them? Am I made entirely of baryonic matter, or is there a certain amount of dark matter clinging to my mass? Are there experiments we can do with things like testing angular momentum/ launching a projectile in a vacuum to see expected arcs and movement if we only accounted for baryonic matter? I got so many questions

Combine: 1. cosmological constant 2. schrodinger solution 3. Planck E= h f= h n 4. n = number of superpositions And you get dark matter n^2 h^2 / ( 8 m L^2) = h n m = 0.3313 10^18 10^-34 = 0.3313 10^-16 kg ( all superpositions). 1 particle = 0.331 10^-16 / ( 0.4 10^18) = 0.828 10^-34 kg = 46 eV

Is Dark Matter attracted by stars and other gravity, does it interact with gravity?

Gravity is not a force. It may be emerging force. Or just bending of spacetime. We just don't know the exact law of it.

I feel like it's more like a state between solid and liquid with property of a blanket if you stretch it out it when you put a object in the middle then it will have a equal amount of mass to hold it

The weight of the stuff in the fish tank includes or excludes the dark matter in the tank?

This feels like the major conspiracy theory of the science world.

I am not convinced it doesn't interact with our matter.