It's an inverse relationship, the richer and more educated a person/couple is the less likely they are to have kids (Elon Musk not withstanding) Women have less children if they think more of them can survive for longer (and the social security system is strong enough so she won't have to rely on their children at old ages)

The same story across South Asia, Southeast Asia, Central America and Sub-Saharan Africa.

40 million to 225 million, so more like quintupled

It kinda makes sense, if every couple has an average of 4 kids, then they already doubled the population. And if those kids had 4 kids too then it quadrupled.

@@vincenttt8289 Why would every couple have 4 children

Asian countries that have Huge populations REALLY depend on calories per square foot/meter. Where Rice, Lentils and Grains shine. Pakistan also relatively often suffer floods from melting water or monsoons. It is hard to determine the "right" amount.

Indian government has pushed the rice crop season to sync with rains that has reduced the water consumption. However it has other consequences where the fields with the industrial waste are burnt causing massive smog, which earlier used to be cleared by rain, now gets accumulated due to onset of winters

@@KanishQQuotes ok

Not in Bihar . We have big Himalayan river .

nah.. in underground water is finished..

The water table discussion really made the video. After so many videos on this channel covering deeply technical topics like modern lithography, I was disappointed when clicking on one about an agricultural and textile country. But the water table and irrigation involved the technical details I enjoy.

Unfortunately the one thing everyone ignores when discussing Pakistan is population growth. 100 years ago the population was 20million. Today, 220 million. There's your problem. There is no way to feed, house, and make prosperous and safe, 200 million new people in 100 years. Imagine if Germany's population has such an insane increase in the last 100 years. It would be a disaster. If you ignore the root cause, you solve nothing.

Have you heard of qanats? They've been used from ancient times. Hand dug tunnels that take water from underground water tables -usually in the mountains- to towns many miles away. Some of them go for ridiculous distances

@@ronchappel4812 Oh yeah, Arabic subterranean aqueducts. Being underground prevents sun-caused evaporation of most of the water, like a lid - a technique being examined for the USA's canals.

@@Metal0sopher For the time being the best course of action would have been to Reafforest the arid Balochistan and spread out the population to decrease the density enough for Re-Engineering of Urban landscape

I wonder if flood water could be filtered and pumped back into an existing well. using pump pressure to force recharging of the area near the well. I can not imagine that it would be cost effective but it may help store some water that would otherwise just runoff or evaporate. also help keep the soil from compacting

@@patrickglavin4686 groundwater system is not a spongesystem where you can force water into it. It takes time for water to permiate into the pore of the bedrock. Thats right Rock its not simple sand, soil and humus, you trying to pump water into rock.

@@patrickglavin4686 gravity is a cheaper force to harness than coal, petrol or the sun for e.g. for electric pumps

@@patrickglavin4686 Yes, that's one of the ways aquifer replenishment is done.

This is the kind of niche information I love to read, great post.

Isn't what they also use in North Africa?

Ahh brilliant info. After learning of Qanat systems (and wanting to explore them) I wondered if conditions would allow them in areas of California. I was unaware of the scaling issue though that makes complete sense. Nothing remotely close to industrial scale at the height of their use!

Thank you the information

I wonder if those rice stalks could ve used as growing medium for mushrooms the same way as rice hulls.

I have seen documentary on Al Jazeera about Indian Punjab having same issue Whole South Asia Should take action and save its Water plus land

As an Indian who lost a relative to Pakistani Terrorists, I'll say "let them die".

@@rohanshende4338 Sir , my deepest apologies to you and your family over the loss. The video was about groundwater usage, not the political landscape. Indian Punjabi farmers are not exactly letting go of age old practices and end up wasting a lot of water. Israel has barely land that’s suitable for cultivation, and yet their methods are far superior than ours. The BIMARU belt will continue to pop out too many children that even the best agricultural methods of the world cannot sustain.

Indian punjab will become the poorest state in india soon... as its a feudal state with religious sikh extremissm unable to move forward with the science and trend while youth escaping the province.

I would like to ask you a question if you don't mind..... Do most Pakistani people support the current government? And also is there freedom of speech in order to criticize the current government publicly? Pakistan has so many people living within it's borders and I wish it the best future...

@@thomaslove6494 Sure why not. 1- The situation is quite complicated. Most of the people from KPK, Baluchistan, Punjab and Sindh hate the current Government. Some do it because of being Pro-PTI and Anti-PDM, while some hate the Government for their absolutely foolish steps and dynastic approach to politics. Secondly, one can criticize the Government and get away with it, however, since it's Pakistan, and Politicians don't have the balls to accept criticism against them, they simply either arrest the other person or make them disappear. The most dangerous case is that of the army. Say anything against it, criticize it for ruining the country, and you'll be harassed, threats will be given and ultimately, you'll be taken away by them.

@@zion-istslayer respect you for telling the truth

At a press conference on August 12th, 1986, US President Ronald Reagan said, “The nine most terrifying words in the English language are ‘I’m from the government and I’m here to help.’”.

They were turned into the grain feeders for rest of the country by deliberate government policies that encouraged the growing of rice and wheat above all else, every farmer in Punjab will tell you that rice is not native to the region and is an immense water guzzler and knows they have to switch away from it. At the time when the country was dependent on international aid and imports to meet basic food requirements this made sense, but now with significant over production of rice especially in states like Telangana, the government doesn't have to maintain the same policies (MSP, free electricity, subsidised water, etc). Now when the farmers of Punjab want similar levels of support to shift away from grains to pulses and other less water and fertiliser consuming crops the governments are not willing to give them that and are still maintaining the old system, as it stands now farming of these is not as profitable for the Punjabi farmer as farming of grains. MSP regime has to be extended by government for the crops they want them to switch to and slowly withdraw them for rice and wheat in Punjab while ensuring there's enough inventory in the FCI to maintain the PDS.

It wouldn't be a problem if the Central Government does less blabbering and takes more action. If they gave MSP's on alternative crops no one in Punjab will grow Paddy. Its not even a part of our diet FFS. How about you leave your room for once and touch some grass? Stop consuming the the propaganda that's being mouth fed to you by the government and use your brain for once.

Nepal should control its vast water resources and not allow India to have any of it since its India who restricted Nepal trade route and killed their factories. Hence crippling their economy. #BackOffIndia #DhotiOut

@@Bialy_1 imagine quoting the most cringe politician of the 20th century.

Allah will give you water and hotdog

@@random_IIITK okay Pajeet

@@muhammadmahd6429 its true tho, thats 90% of the peoples mentality there. Allah will solve it and if you doubt allah...you might be an apostate, and we all know what we gotta do with this if we wanna be good muslims.

@Invincible Exactly: in Christianity there is hell down below, but in Islam there is a whole water world with hotdogs and this the EXACT reason why they'll keep digging deeper. These guys are geniuses and I feel like an absolute fool. time to change gods real quick

holy shit, entire CITIES are sinking???

@@janedoeYT well yea basically

So the human response to impending sea level rise due to climate change is to... preemptively sink the cities. Satire is dead; reality has superseded it

@@janedoeYT not the entire city, only some place in the northen coast. And preventive measures has been planned

Don't Java have other water sources? I remember many parts of Manila also used to heavily rely on groundwater as late as the 90s but now I hardly see any pumps. Like, we used to sell water from our pump when I was a teen but now everyone have tap. I wonder if Jakarta can at least stop sinking once the groundwater is recharged. Of course this meant that extraction should stop to give it to replenish.

The issue isnt even rust or decay, it's that they're using extremely inefficent transportation methods. They mostly use open, gravity fed, dirt lined canals which lose tons of water to soil absorption and due to evaporation since the area is so hot and arid. According to some numbers I've seen they're losing 60% just due to inefficiencies like that and as a result they're draining 93% of their accessible water resources. If they want to improve things they need to install some kind of modern irrigation system and transportation system. If they can get that 60% down to more reasonable numbers like 10-20% they could lower their water usage down by around 40%. That kind of savings would allow them to mainly just use river water which would allow them to abandon many of their wells which will cut down on depletion of the water table and would also allow more water to end up back in the river.

Not just that at this point they are letting almost everything to rust and decay

Go ask Nestle and see what they did in Pakistan.

@@nutzhazel very true, and they are selling back the water they stole not only from Pakistan, but many other nations as well with underpaid or unpaid workers

@@nutzhazel Google doesn't turn up anything. Got a link?

Dont tell this to any sikh punjabi's.... they are too stupid to understand this and may just curse you calling you as a Modi bhakt/agent trying to change punjabi way of life... 🤷‍♂️.. !!..

All because of your govt subsidized green revolution

You Pakistani?

Also the irony of Flooding Monsoons being the only source of water, yet drought plauging the land most of the year sucks. The only "Solution" would be extreme water processing and groung well injection of flood water, and that would be challenging and expensive. Basically do a more extreme version of Arizona USA water management strategy.

@@viewer-of-content because the US system in Arizona has worked so well. /s The people in Arizona have the strange ability to have irrigation canals deliver a constant supply of water that creates the illusion of permanent abundance while being able to ignore the fact that the water travels over 200 miles through the desert before reaching where it is used. And then the water is used to grown water intensive crops like cotton and alfalfa and exported to be used in the deserts in the middle east where it makes sense for them to import from Arizona instead of wasting their valuable and limited water resources.

@@hewhohasnoidentity4377 Arizona and Nevada actually have some of the best water management in the world, (Israel is good too.) The issue is with declining rainfall/snowfall, and surrounded by some bad actors, it becomes hard to retain adequate water supplies. California and Utah alone take more than 100% of the Colorado river's water supply, and have horribly inefficient Agricultural use. The situation is basically like Tajikistan /Uzbekistan/Turkmenistan /Kazakhstan and the Aral Sea Basin except: that Nevada and Arizona use water more responsibly, and their is less water loss in the mostly waterproof canals off of the Colorado River than in the Aral Sea Basin. Both Regions need drastic Water use reform And Evaporative prevention coverage of the canals. But a lot Can be Learned From responsible desert water usage entities like Nevada, Arizona, and Israel.

Feelsbadman

enough water from floods, no time soon they will be depleted

This is why India will conquer Pakistan in the future

😂😂

& Kashmir

They are presenting their opinion as much as anybody else does, they just do so in a well researched and informative manner.

You mean 99.99% of the peoplem

@@philoslother4602 tons of people in Pakistan get water from rivers too, most of the population is on the Indus and its tributaries. 90% of their food is supplied from farms irrigated with water from the Indus so even when people don't live near the river they're still getting supplied indirectly by the river.

You are a socialist.

@@philoslother4602 more like 95 96 percent its a big big club between army government workers rich feudal landlords etc. many layers with non muslims at the lowest.

@@Myanmartiger921 .muslim , non Muslim, the bourgeoisie dont give a toss...

I will give a insider view(from my teacher) Petrobras got the short end of the stick after they opened the market in the 90's, the outside companies headhunted petrobras technical team (still understaffed to this day) and got the presal know how with them. Now we have a very strange situation, petrobras don't really want or can drill more in the camps since it will reduce the price of the oil and to drill they need more people that they don't have or want to hire to not drill to extract more oil. Bear in mind that the presal is under 3000m of water and a thick layer of salt that is very hard to drill because salt is plastic and grabs the drill bits.

You don't get fertilizer that why

good observation

Hindus are stealing Punjab’s water

Bruh madrassa chap attack iit hindu like always

@H J no Punjab is not an exception it is a big issue throughout Northern and Central India, ground water supplies like 90% of irrigation in the indo-gangetic basin so UP, Haryana, Bihar, Chattisgarh, MP, Rajasthan, etc are not doing any better. Almost every major city too has groundwater issues, and in the south groundwater exploitation is a big issue in TN too.

And you should think about the problem... and it seems to be unsustainable population growth.

@@Bialy_1 As well as the uncontrolled pollution of ground and surface water

That's what Pakistan needs.

The "bore" is a common disease amongst people in Karachi as well. But you can't blame them because otherwise they'd have no water at all.

Not even socialism. That's the system many communists used before the Chinese moved to the capped cost model.

Hard quotas are one of the biggest causes for the water shortage in the US southwest. Farmers were given quotas and future amounts were based on previous amounts actually used. This created a need to use the same amount of water each year regardless of if the land was being used for a water intensive crop, a drought tolerant crop or even letting the land rest for a season. A large farm that rotates cotton, potatoes and rest had no choice but to keep water usage steady at a level higher than what is needed for the cotton so the water will be available to them in the future. Quotas are not the solution. Then again most large scale challenges can not be solved by the first thought upon learning of the issue. It is not as if in the history of civilization nobody had thought of water quotas.

@@hewhohasnoidentity4377 populists tend to always think there's an easy solution everyone else overlooks, usually because they're corrupt or greedy, and all we need is this one simple thing to solve the problem. Reading up on Soviet history and you'll see tons of examples of that reasoning: farms aren't producing enough due to corrupt farmers so they collectivize the farms, which backfires since people resented having to work the government farms and give the government all their food so they work less on government farms so they can cultivate their own farms on the side. Government decides to tax more to compensate for this but ignores the fact they can't really predict or even measure how much food is being produced across the country since they put people with little to no famring experience in charge of farms. Then they decide to encourage more grain harvests by taxing fruit orchards which were planted mainly for the wealthy so people cut down their trees and people get sick since now instead of a balanced diet they're living off of grain and little else. Then they tried to fix that issue by taxing cattle which would be redistributed among the population so everyone slaughters their cattle before the tax resulting in less meat and dairy and less livestock to pull plows. Later they tried to boost corn harvest by land reform and gave people farms to work in areas previously un cultivated since hey more land means more food, but they ignored the fact there was a reason the land hasn't been cultivated before and the farms underperformed and tons of people starved. Then they started draining the Aral seas tributaries to start irrigating some of that new farm land which caused soil salinity to get way worse and caused the sea to be completely drained.

@@hewhohasnoidentity4377 *"given quotas and future amounts were based on previous amounts actually used."* That's an issue with _how_ quotas are implemented, not with quotas themselves. Soviet Russia had the same issue.

There should be zero quotas. Instead, simply price the water correctly and it will be used sensibly. Quotas always causes some people to have accidentally too big quota and some other with too little. This is because nobody knows the future perfectly so nobody can set correct quotas either. And any decision power you give to some government workers about the quotas, the more corruption you will get in the long run. It's better to have zero decision power about quotas and simply increase the price of the clean water: do not give free or cheap electricity for pumping the water, set extra penalties for continuing the water once the watertable height is already too deep. That will allows those that absolutely need the water to still pump it and the people to whom it would be *easiest* to keep pumping more water, it will give more *incentive* to come up with a better implementation.

14:10 Well, this data suggests Pakistan is still far from "unsustainable level" even with this poor efficiency there are no famines.

You are claiming a country where the majority of the population is directly dependent on the agriculture industry for income even though it is vastly inefficient in both water and land productivity has too many people for the land to provide for the people? I would suggest watching the video again.

@@MrGilang100 You can't base the risk of famine on year to year data. A country ideally should have food that lasts them 2 years, not a few months or a year. Most countries in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa import a large percentage of their food, so they're always at risk of famine. Between the war in Ukraine, the droughts in Latin America, and the floods in Pakistan, 2022 and 2023 represent the biggest risk of global famine in decades.

@@realtalk6195 In pre-globalization world, this is true, but, we are now globalized. A "food stock" metric is robust, but didn't tell the whole picture since we don't mainly grow staple crops right now. By that metrics Japan is on severe threats of Famine since their foods are disproportionately come from imports.

@@realtalk6195 Pakistan produces it's own food though which last well over to the next season

Yeah, most places in the world will need to figure out where to get water within the next 20 years.

2 month old comment on a 2 hour old video? 🤔

@@tomblaise Probably Patreon early access

Hol up

Can't they dig holes and fill them with gravel so that the rainwater go straight to the aquifer?

And India gets more than 70% of its water from Nepal which Nepalese should control to control India and demand an unrestricted trade route. India is an evil nation for not allowing Nepal to trade freely. Once the Indian influence is removed from Nepal, Indian dhotis will get the pay back. I smell genocide against Indian origin dhotis residing illegally in Nepal soon if Indians don't get their shit together. #BackOffIndia #DhotiOut

Our trajectory also is on a similar path. In 1951 ours was 44 million people while as of 2022 we have quadrupled to 168 million.

although maybe some people crossed over to India so our bar was lower compared to our natural capacity...

@@zil1832 Yup! Those are illegal Bangladeshi immigrants.

Eh, isn't India a bit more friendly towards Bangladesh as compared to Pakistan?

True, waters from canal evaporate quickly especially in dry season. Drip irrigation save water

Compared to agricultural use, absolutely infinitismal water use for bottled water, plus the Nestle bottled water isn't contaminated by shit so disease free also!

@@andrewallen9993 Thanks. That's not unimportant. I dont know how developed the water utilities in Pakistan are. As a European one is somewhat accustomed to high quality drinking water from the tap.

I can speak for nestle water usage here in Michigan as I put in a lot of effort to hate them properly. Turns out, all bottled water from all companies in Michigan, of which nestle is not the biggest, only works out to 0.02% of all ground water extraction. It’s literally a drop in the bucket. Michigan is probably the best place in the world for a water bottling plant. Nestle situated their plant in a place suffering from too much groundwater. Also, nestle has since sold this bottling plant in Michigan.

@@jacuzzibusguy Thank you.

@@bastiangugu4083 We also get water in the taps here in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. (4th largest city of Pakistan) but still we prefer not to drink it. We just use it for other purposes. You either install a water filter inside your home ( not super expensive) or get water from a nearby filtration plant. (Typically installed by govt)

Mostly in the state of Punjab.

@@fretted4life south India, Gujarat and Maharashtra is also facing same problem

@@rohanpawar2166 South India is too vague be specific, I thought Maharashtra had a groundwater recharge programme in drought hit areas of Vidharba.

@@fretted4life except Kerala and coastal areas interior of south india use ground water for irrigation

Not really ,over 90% of India saw groundwater level increase last decade thanks to good monsoons last 4 years

Honestly it should be spelt as Panjab. Makes more sense. I thinks that's how it used to be spelt during the British Raj.

But then again, non-South Asians would then pronounce it as Pan-Jab. Which sounds worse.

@@greatwolf5372 break it up in half and that's how you pronounce it. "pun" + "jab". I'm not being a pronunciation police, I was just making an observation how everyone says poon. coz poon also means pussy

Hey are you Indian dhoti?

@@machomanrichards1534 sure am

That would be in a separate channel - Asia? It's in the name.

@@CHMichael yes right