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It's funny. It happens so often with your videos that I see a title like "Australia's Natural Gas Dilemma" and think: "aah. I really don't care about that topic. I'll watch something else. ". But I still click, and am immediately captivated for 15 minutes by a topic that has basically no connection with me, but gives me insight in the complexities of our huge world. Thank you!

The domestic gas reservation policy for Western Australia was very difficult to achieve. The companies developing the project demanded no reservations or they would not proceed. The WA govt demanded reservations or they would not approve it. The companies walked away, but ultimately they came back and accepted. The lobbying against domestic reservation has been intense and bitterly resisted by the global gas companies, which is probably why they didn't get it for the eastern states coal seam projects. It is easier said than done.

Yo! I'm Australian! Complicated energy politics is an understatement! Thanks for the video :)

Followed you for quite a while now, really appreciate this insight into the gas issues of my country, it’s not covered much elsewhere, great video

You go alright Mate, I feel the same as Moritz, as an operator at the Karratha gas plant I thought "not much in this video for me" but clicked anyway & you immediately had me hooked! Great historical insights that I was not aware of. Just a small correction the NWSV(KGP) cost around 47 billion in total(over approx 30 years) & the Gorgan plant on Barrow island was in the vicinity of 42 billion(was initially costed at 25 Billion). These are loose figures as KGP continues to hoover up billions in refurbs & new infrastructure & Gorgan had extensive rework to the propane coolers(kettles) post startup. Browse to KGP is back on the agenda & the shananagins have restated WRT negotiations between state & fed governmants & the resource owners. Hope we the people don't get hoodwinked ie Tax concessions & the 20% domestic gas reserve in this last ditched effort to get it off the ground(try No. 4 I think it is). For a while Browse looked to be in Federal control & the WA state royalties & reserve was lost but for 2 rocks that protrude out of the water at Scott reef proved it was a state asset, amazed that they did not try to blast them below the water line.

Western Australia also has a separate electricity grid, due to the vast stretch of desert separating it from the rest of the country.

This was really well reasearched. Funny to see you digging up the old regulatory approval docs. Fun fact about the east coast LNG ramp up - there was a period of time where the coal seam gas production was progressing well, but the LNG facilities were all running late (three mega projects at the same time in one state...), anyway, for a time Queensland had $0 gas because the coal seam gas producers couldn't just switch off a tap. This spilled over into electricity markets as all the gas peakers decided to burn the free gas for easy profit, also collapsing electricity prices. As soon as the first ship loaded up on LNG the glut was over.

Good video! I worked as a rigger on two of the biggest gas refineries in australia over nearly 7 years and it disgusts me that we barely have enough for domestic supply. Future generations of Aussies have been sold out ….

Really appreciate the time you take to add subtitles in your videos. Thanks a lot for that🙏🙏🙏

Another excellent video! Most informative! 😃

Another fascinating and well-researched video on a topic I knew nothing about before watching. I always enjoy your videos, Thank you!

Fantastic well informed video. Well done

Australia's per capita energy consumption ranking is 18th. Your ranking is total energy consumption.

Really well researched and presented video as always

Yay, another Aussienometry video!

Excellent video, well researched and presented!

incredibly detailed and interesting video!

Another spot on report. Thank you very much.

A great watch, I remember sitting on a plane headed to Barrow Island in the early 90's, I was a contractor heading up there to service some equipment, I struck up a conversation with a guy sitting in the next seat who happened to be a senior manager in WAPET, I had asked how much oil they pumped there, he said the amount of oil they pumped was small and insignificant to the amount of gas they had there, he lamented that at the time they didn't have a market for it!!! Now if I had had a crystal ball I might have made my fortune LOL.

In Melbourne my Gas bill has gone up 300% matching or overtaking my electricity costs, there are blackouts due to gas powered generators turning off because the cost of Natrual Gas has gone up 500% and the power company are not willing to lose money as electricity pricing are capped. The Business Friendly liberal government has sold out Australia to the highest bidder and resource lobby at the cost of it's citizens. It's not really complicated when all of our resources are shipped overseas with long term contracts in place.

Another awesome episode, thank you!

14:57 Prelude LNG is *a single floating facility*. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prelude_FLNG …and look at that share!

fantastic recap of the AUS LNG situation. It should be required viewing for Australians.

Really great video and in general love all content from this channel. I've learnt a lot!

Excellent summary!

Really appreciate the analysis! Im working in mining and thinking of switching to gas. You got yourself a subscriber homie

Great informative video.

The fundamental problem starts with absolutely basic utilities like energy and water being sold to for-profit entities to turn it into a casino. Here in Australia, we were just a few years behind California/Enron on that, for the same customer-skewered outcomes.

A well presented program.

Excellent video!, thanks

Great video!

Aussie here. I’m impressed by the quality of your vids. Great job!

Excellent video. The gas reservation policy here in WA, whilst probably not the most economically efficient, has been on balance good for the state. Gas production on the whole has been great for WA more generally. The Eastern states IMHO stuffed up by not doing something similar and then compounded the problem by banning most forms of gas exploration and production (looking at you NSW and VIC). That then leaves them in the situation they're in now, which is bad. A pipeline from WA to NT or QLD is a costly and borderline impractical undertaking that I'd be very surprised if it ever happened.

First time watching your channel. You have a new subscriber. I am only 5 mins into it. From and O/S Australian.

thanks for the video , very good review

What's interesting is that the international media doesn't really cover Australia as a potential source of new LNG during the gas crunch. It just seems we are not on the radar as a global LNG export powerhouse.

As someone who works in WA oil and gas industry I found this a very interesting video. Thanks

Miles??? Fahrenheit??? Since when does Australia use those? I would assume your info sources come from Australia so no need to convert to Imperial.

I enjoyed this post. Am I correct or incorrect in saying that part of the problem of lack of access for domestic Australian consumption has been due to us being locked in to long term export contracts which now hamper rapid re-deployment of supply to satisfy domestic demand? Good post.

Very interested into energy. Thank you !

I've worked on the Rankin Platform that is featured in the 2nd pic. That's Woodside's Rankin A platform and the north and south bridges.

A great video. What a lot of research.

WA really is positioned very well for the future. Huge natural reserves, stable weather, a very high number of sunny days, a largely barren coastline hammered by offshore winds. We just need infrastructure improvements because right now, everything else is a disaster. We have plenty to spend 6 billion on for sure and we will probably need every last cent of that to fix the issues.

Just a little tip with how to pronounce some Australian names. Like everything else in Australian English, we love to shorten words. Melbourne is pronounced Melb'n, Brisbane is Brisb'n and Canberra is Canbra

Thanks for such a thorough breakdown and analysis. I've played music at a lot of the camps that serve these projects here in WA so it was interesting to learn more about them.

Well done !👍

It's laughable to hear that Australia faces energy insecurities because of.. regulatory constraints. Regulations should be in place to make our lives easier, not harder.

As a Western Australian i was talkign to my Eastern Australian uncles and they are livid at the reckless export of natural gas by Eastern states as it has left Eastern consumers with very high electricity and gas prices. in Western Australia, where domestic use was reserved, electricity and gas prices are relatively unaffected by global market fluctuations, thus allowign domestic users to be more secure in their energy needs. In Western Austrlaia my energy bills are significantly less than my Eastern relatives... so much so that it is almost embarrising.

This channel is really getting up there with Wendover and the likes for top notch current events and economics

I've spent a few weeks at Gorgon for a job before. Two interesting facts about the project. The refinery is built on a class A nature reserve. Getting on the island requires extremely strict environmental quarantine. They also have 3 C02 liquidfication and ground injection lines in the project. So far I think it is only used to pump back the CO2 generated from the gas extraction. As with everything in the LNG business there is controversy and rumors abound.

Some of the graphics are a little old… the ‘proposed’ Pluto NWS Interconnector started up in March.

Maybe ive gone mad, but when he said propane 1:57 i swear i heard hank hills voice

"Like the Salmon" is my favorite phase ever

Great work, keep it up. Btw, I think the rank from the table in 12:34 is for Total electricity consumption, not the electrical consumption per-capita. I sorted out the table based on the "Average electrical power per capita expressed in kwh" column and get rank 18, almost the same.

This excellent presentation would have been even better had standard modern units been consistently employed.

Another bit of complicated energy politics is South Australia -- basically, the Feds ridiculed them for years and then took credit for their success. They blamed renewables for everything, even when blackouts were the fault of transmission infrastructure or something upstream. Now they have some of the cheapest (and reliable) energy, due to being the largest renewable giga-scale network in the world, though the rest of supply (40%) comes from gas in the meantime. The ACT has a higher proportion of renewables (and rules to prevent profiteering), so is unaffected by current prices.

@ 12:34 the spreadsheet showing Australia in 19th place is ranked on total energy consumption, not per capita consumption

Thanks for clarifying facts that are not generally known domestically 🇦🇺 It helps understanding a lot of our complacency.

As long as the front doesn’t fall off.

I live in a small country in the north-east of Europe called Estonia, where we use oil shale as our primary energy source, and we make lubricating oil, gas for ships, heat water and make electricity from it. Just as you told me, I thought that shale was the same as oil shale, as far as I know Estonia and China are the only countries that use it as an energy source.

The erstwhile 'gas-fired recovery' of 2020 was one of the most hilarious, and troubling, federal initiatives -- everything was indicating renewables, but with a government board stacked with gas executives, all that (our largest opportunity) was ignored. The party of free market had to intervene after no one was interested in investing, using public funds to build gas stranded assets, and suspiciously spending money before checks and balances to incentivise exploration. We have a history of selling our resources and buying it back more expensive too Luckily that's over

Recently the east coast has prices have risen over 10x more than the west coast due to local laws and policy in WA. Luckily electricity prices have only risen marginally compared to the rest of the world. I’m in Melbourne 🇦🇺

Since you are on the topic. What do you think about guyana's natrual gas situation? The gas to shore project. 🤔 Would be nice if you can do a video on Guyana oil boom.

I live in Australia. When natural gas came to town about thirty five years ago it was a big deal, everyone hooked up, in particular it became the main heating source displacing heating oil and resistive electric heating. Now as a home heating source it is significantly more expensive than the heating oil it replaced. It is also being displaced by electrically powered heat pumps. Around here most people are disconnecting from the gas network and going purely electric with heating based on heat pumps. It is now common for homes to have 5-8KW of rooftop solar and a residential battery in the 10-15KWH range that can coast through most outages and even provide standalone residential power. Outside industrial use, natural gas has little future in Australia. It has priced itself out of the market, being often simply too expensive, prone to extreme price variations as well as unreliability. Industrial use is a separate issue, but many big industrial concerns are planning the switch to hydrogen with several new hydrogen plants under construction. That said Australia has considerable untapped reserves of natural gas but too often these will involve fracking. The problem is the most prospective locations are in the recharge zone for important natural aquifers, particularly the great artesian basin, that is a lifeline for communities in the interior of the country. Any contamination risk to the great artesian basin is a no no.

LNG is -162 C not F. -260 F in American... Other minor quibble natural gas / LNG is really just methane and some ethane. LPG are your heavier gasses like butane, propane and heavier condensate. Very accurate history though :)

How do you turn out so much information in such a short span of time?!

A great view of the Australia gas market but I would've also noted that the states of the East Coast of Australia don't have a domestic gas policy like Western Australia that results in those states exporting all their gas.

"Like the salmon, it travels..." hilarious mental picture, thanks. 😂

The Burrup Peninsula has lots of ancient archaeology on it ... and a big refinery

15:00 factual errors. Curtis Island plants: first qclng (BG / merged with Shell), second gong (Santos +, 6 months after qclng), thrid - aplng (conoco and origin, several months after gong). I think late 2015 first drop at qclng.

I produce plenty of "natural gas", but I never thought to export it! Thanks for the idea!

good video

amazing thing, streamlining production & use would save alot, w/o restriction.

never sell your resources to others(completely)

Once any country exports nearly all of any commodity it creates a situation that punishes it's own domestic market for that commodity . You have to have policies that protect your home consumers .

I like your Hank Hill impression when you said propane.

12:34 Australia electricity consumption per capita seems to be 4th, the table on screen shows the total electric consumption per country, nor per capita

As soon as those LNG plants in Queensland opened up, the price of gas on the east coast more than tripled. The conservative federal government that oversaw the development of the projects completely sold out their own people by not quarantining enough for the domestic market. There isn't actually a "shortage", it's just that the gas companies can sell it for more overseas. Australians are being outbid by the Japanese for their own gas. It's having a huge impact on local industry. It would behove the current federal government to institute a local quarantine to ensure adequate local supplies, in the same manner as West Australia. Unfortunately they have a slim majority and are worried about the negative fear campaigns the resources companies would run if the government tried to act. The resources industry has run these types of scare campaigns in the past when governments have tried to put the national interest first, to great effect. It should, hypothetically, be easier to implement a local quarantine now that the projects are already running, as there's no way the companies involved would walk away from their investment, and even if they did someone else would take over. It's not like they won't still be making money hand over fist. They would complain vociferously, but if the government was willing to stare them down they could do it. Most Australians on the East Coast know they're being screwed by the gas companies, so their "PR" campaigns would be less effective this time.

Australia operates the Prelude Floating Liquid Natural Gas Platform, which produces 3.6 million tonnes of LNG annually.

3:43 It would be useful to also add these kind of measurements in SI units

12:33 The table is sorted by total consumption, not per capita.

You can get as much LPG from Australia as you can arrange for the logistics, AND we will not use the cash to wage a War of Aggression on you. Great selling point right there!

12:33 slight correction this list is ordered by total electricity consumption per year, not per capita

15:32 Kangaroo country?! 😂 The first time I've heard my country referred to as such!

an excellent presentation, up to your usual high standard. please let me add some further personal recollections. the underlying and primary cause of the "dilemma" issue is the large difference between domestic gas pricing (before LNG in Gladstone was a thing) and the the price that countries such as Japan and China are able and now willing to pay. even before construction commenced on the three large east coast LNG projects, informed commentators such as Richard Cottee, at the time CEO of Queensland Gas Company, was warning that domestic gas users were about to face world parity pricing and should prepare for price increases of 400% and more. Sadly, few of the existing gas users were willing to protect their futures by entering long-term gas purchase contracts. another part of the problem of relative scarcity of gas for the eastern market is the reluctance of the states of New South Wales and Victoria to approve extraction of coal seam methane for politico/social/greenie reasons. Those states have large reserves of suitable on-shore coal containing large amounts of coal seam gas but are unwilling to allow development. Until recently, significant natural gas was produced by off-shore facilities within Bass Strait, and piped onshore to Victoria for local use, but those offshore supplies (which were largely out of sight and therefore out of mind) are declining. The small capacity of the few interstate pipelines means that as a shortfall in one of these states due to rising demand, cannot be easily met by transferring coal seam gas from another more progressive state such as Queensland. The State of Queensland has released more exploration areas for development, but only on the proviso that the gas produced must be used for domestic consumption and cannot be exported. Even though the developers who have taken up those areas are likely to sell their gas for lower prices that then LNG companies receive, they are still succeeding in increasing supplies of domestic gas for the Queensland market, as quantities required for the domestic market in Queensland are smaller and these companies avoid the high cost of constructing LNG plants and export terminals. The states of New South Wales and Victoria have not yet been able to make such a bold policy decision.

Looks like the LNG producers and suppliers have been short-changing the Australian citizens.

Yes I worked in Karatha/Dampier at stage 1 and we could have been energy independent and world low carbon footprint and manufacturing leader because of a very clean and low cost energy supply but now our energy prices are among the highest in the world and manufacturing has gone over seas and we are threatened with carbon taxes, we have been sold up the creek, look at last 40 years of Japan LNG prices and Australian domestic prices have been between 4 to 10 times that of Japan, so think what that means, after buying and transporting with specially built tankers their gas prices have been consistently lower than our domestic price and only recently under Turnbill did we get a domestic reserve !

Just to add a point, while methane has a larger heating effect it stays in the atmosphere for a shorter time frame, about 8-12 years with CO2 staying in the atmosphere anywhere from 20 (but generally much longer) to potentially thousands of years. This is a common piece of information missing when talking about Methane. It's also important in reference to other things like cattle.

No mention of the corrosive effects of cabotage. A self-inflicted wound for which pity cannot be applied.

12:30 i think you meant electricity consumption _overall_, not per capita.

Keystone XL was sold as an oil pipline, not a means of shipping LNG. The environmental concerns are drastically different. Most importantly it would be made to sell Canadian oil to the world market, leaving the US to bear the risk of spills while seing none of the energy.

Western Australia? We read about that country growing up here in Melbourne. Sounds pretty cool.

4:08 What are the other ways to transport natural gas?

pic shown at 5.04 is a aluminium smelter,portland victoria..... other wise nice vid

Man i need to be honest with you. I’m not really interested in any of the topics you make videos about. But it’s still not boring enough to be annoyed and you have such a calming voice. I always use your videos to fall asleep. In fact: It’s in my sleep routine to watch your videos :D So thank you for letting me fall asleep every single day on time xD

Just wow rich resources.

2024 now they say we dont get payed royalty's $ owed worth billions exported free what politicians did this to us & why ? madness

Such a shame that this well-researched video didn’t explore the obvious issue of corruption, in which politicians have worked hand-in-glove with energy companies to deprive Australians of not only a fair share of their gas supply, but royalties on the scale that smarter countries like Norway and Qatar demand.

At 6:19, you say The oil was discovered 270 miles of Australia's coast in Scott reef. Wouldn't that fall outside Australia's EEZ(200 miles)? Would it be legal to extract gas from there?