I want to congratulate you. Yours is one of the few cosmology channels on KZfaq worth anyone’s time. I like how you respect both the viewers’ intelligence and the subject matter. No bombastic background music, no movie-trailer style voice over. Just the science, the mystery and the awe of it all. Please, keep on the great work you’re doing!

The ability to condense information and present it in such a way that even someone with no prior knowledge of physics can understand is incredible.

The Universe isn't stranger than we think . . . it's stranger than we Can think. - Werner Heisenberg -

I watch a LOT of space videos, and I’ve seen a lot of videos about black holes. I think this one has gone the most in-depth that I’ve seen without being an actual university lecture. Love it!!

The supercut of the Black Holes series! All the episodes were written in a way that this supercut could happen once the series was over. I hope it works and it feels like a seamless, epic Astrum episode :)

Been a longtime fan. You’re what makes youtube great. Thank you!

Wow has it already been an hour? The amount of professionalism and passion put into this content is nothing short of amazing. Thank you! New sub

Physics videos trying not to give people existential crisises challenge (impossible)

You and Isaac Arthur are the only two KZfaq creators that have me gleefully watching hours and hours of content while everybody else is worried that their 3-minute video might start to bore people lol. Well done! Thank you for trusting your audience to have the attention span to match your amazing videos!

I am so attracted to space stuff but have to admit it’s always pretty complicated to get a realistic grasp on the information however it’s still interesting even though I don’t really understand it. I have seen countless videos on black holes and in your first 5 minutes you were able to present the information in such a way that I feel I finally have a good understanding of the basic situation now! Thank you so much you definitely have my like, follow, and share! Can’t wait to see the rest of the video

Alex, your documentaries are amazing - easily as good as BBC Horizon, Equinox or similar series. You should have far more visibility even on TV maybe. I work in IT but am an amateur astronomer and love science documentaries about cosmology, particle physics or similar things. I always scan your channel for new things to watch 🥰

This is, by far, the best explanation of these cosmic concepts I have ever come across. I don't even think this is the first time I have watched this video, but for the first time I am, so far (19:37) understanding it - I think! Certainly, I feel I have a better grasp on these mind boggling ideas than ever before. This channel is incredible! BTW I am not a physicist, I didn't even study physics past GCSE level. I just find it fscinating in my middle age.

Another great video. Appreciate it, Alex. Love the 4K 60 fps. Will donate more in the future and hopefully this comment gets others to throw you a few bucks.

My favorite KZfaqrs are uploading long-format today, and I couldn't be happier.

I'm taking a year 1 astronomy course because I loved everything in these documentaries (and other youtube documentaries) and I have yet to encounter anything that I haven't leard from these documentaries yet. It's pretty cool that these free documentaries are more complete than the expensive course I'm taking.

This has to be the most comprehensive and detailed explanation of Black Hole and its properties anywhere in a single video. Enjoyed every single bit of it, even though it will require basic understanding of many concepts of Physics. You have cleared many of my doubts. Exceptional video and keep making such top-quality content specially in these 1 hour long formats.

Your work is phenomenal, monumental and important. So much better than what commercial cable channels were pushing out not too long ago. Where were you, dear teacher, when I grew up? You bridge the KZfaq audience with very complex topics. Even if 30% is understood on an average, that’s an amazing feat considering the abstract concepts discussed.

This is by far the best explanaition of black holes i have seen. I'm not a scientist though. There is one small typo in the magnified quote of the Hawking "letter", where the "-6" would have to be superscript, as it means an exponent of 10.

5:24 -“light can no longer leave, so there’s only darkness” - such an odd thought. Darkness or blackness is always taught to be the absence of light. However, here it’s the confinement of light.

This is one of the most digestible and followable simplified explanations of the foundational principles of QFT I've ever heard

I'm always amazed by the quality of your content, it's just a pleasure to watch despite the highly complex topics. Btw congratulations to Anton Zeilinger et al. for being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 2022 for their contributions to quantum theory!

Watched it all, amazing content that I hope you know we all appreciate making it available for us.

Can we just appreciate the beauty in 3:06? Like, understanding each layer of an exploding supernova is awesome.

The radical time displacement at or approaching an event horizon is proving to be a challenge for theoretical physics.

The best video/documentary I've ever seen of black holes.

I am so grateful for these fantastic videos. You can break down incredibly complex, mind-blowing topics into bite size pieces, and put those pieces back together to make the bigger picture. and to top it off, you make it all not only cohesive but genuinely interesting!! beautiful work. thank you for making space facts so accessible to people like me. :)

what I learned from 1 hour of this is that black holes are effectively a giant battery that are also incredibly dangerous to tap into.

I've just discovered this channel, and I love it!Thank you so much for posting such wonderful content, I think you're really quite brilliant,and an excellent science educator.Thank you so much

Thank you for taking time to create this series! Excellent all around....content, graphics... very articulate, easy to understand, adding a bit of humor. The best of any similar I've seen yet! 👍😜👍

By far the best, most informative black hole documentary I've seen. It goes into way more depth than so many of the others. But it does so in terms we can all understand 👍

You are the first that’s been able to explain these theory’s in a way I am able to “begin comprehension”. Very well done and your examples are great! Thank you very much!!!

the best divulgative (yet accurate and rigorous) explanation of black holes i've watched on youtube so far

Excellent video. As a Physicist myself, I can only be grateful by the thought process that led to it.

This is a perfect example of amazing video! You have explained many difficult topics in a very simple way. Great job!

I have a theory about black holes: If you go close to the event horizont of a BH time slows down and eventually stops and if you go further, instead of going inside, the entire black hole starts to shrink not allowing you to cross the event horizont. Why? There are two possibilities why. First is the hawking radiation that shrinks the BH in an obscenely long amount of time. But since time passes normaly for you as a guy "stoped" at the event horizont for the outside observer, it wouldn't take long from your perspective. This means you can leave the BH in a very distant future once the BH stops existing due to Hawking radiation decay. The second possibility is that once you are at the event horizont the time actually starts to go backwards which means you witness the black hole shrinking due to watching it go backwards in time and losing all the mass it had collected over the eons. This means it's impossible to use it to travel into the past because you will get destroyed by a supernova imploding on top of you...

Amazing series. I loved your explanations. They're quite simple and easy to understand. Keep up the great work!

1 HR ASTRUM??? YES PLEASE

Wow, that was epic! A fascinating deep-dive into the mind-bending physics involved in black holes. Thanks bunches for doing what you do.

I admire people than can explain what happens in the universe and this was the first video i watched that explained it better. I truly love this kind of things and i still have so many questions even after this video maybe even more than i had before. I definitely love it ❤❤

You are really skilled at making difficult to grasp topics really digestible to the lay person! Thank you!

Even though I’ve already seen the individual episodes, I am still amazed at the effort and quality you put into making these. One thing I wish was explained in more detail was the section on Hawking Radiation, where you explained that it is usually depicted at the event horizon, this isn’t the case. However you didn’t explain WHY it wasn’t the case and how some manages to escape the other when outside? Thank you so much for the videos!

Yeeeeeeessssss this is precisely what I needed tonight. Thank you!

Excellent! 👍🏻This video is one of the best on KZfaq - brilliant all the way through‼ For novices all the way up to Physicists, this presentation throughly covers & breaks down almost all of the bizarre aspects of Black Holes, in such a captivating way.

Ok, it's weird; I love your voice because it talks about information that has a footprint in my soul where it fits, which revives the wonder that used to be there as a child. So when you speak with such clarity, honesty and respect for that knowledge, it feels like you have that respect for my soul and that is pretty amazing!

Black holes have to be my favorite thing in space. They're so terrifying and mystical. Powerful and unbias. Anton has a video about vortex structures on them too. They're so neat.

Hey, Alex, not sure if you've already answered this question, but, have you already considered doing a series on the different Soviet missions and programs? I recently learned about Soviet missions to Venus and the Buran program, and it blew my mind! It'd be great of you consider it. Thanks for all the great content.

I have lost count on how many times I have watched and also only listened to it when its time to sleep. You should do a in-depth video on Multiverse theories.Thank you!

This is without a doubt my favorite videos on black holes, especially because it has accurate closed captioning! Just wanted to say thanks for making your videos accessible :)

Incredibly well done and brilliantly simplified explanations + thought process of this content. I’m an avid watcher/reader of science & space news/explainers, and this is genuinely one of the most (if not THE most) well put-together pieces on black holes I’ve seen. Really great work. Been a subscriber for awhile and just wanted to say you’ve really hit your stride! Enormously impressed - thank you for the content!

Too bad i just binged all these episodes recently...did i still watch this entire video ? yes

So many good explanations in this video. Probably the easiest to understand rundown on quantum field theory I've seen to date.

Without a doubt one of the best and easy to comprehend postings on the subject of Black Holes and tougher topic of Space Time dimensions. Nice job!

You have such a great voice narrating describing these videos. I love watching these videos to wind down my day and relax watching the universe being explained by Alex. Keep up the great work. ❤

I watched the originals and can tell you that you cut them together so well. Had you not included text with the episode number, I would have thought you made another video about black holes haha!

So interesting. I often wish I had been smart enough to go into a field of physics, having a passion for it just isn’t enough.

Hey! Thanks so much for that layperson description of quantum fields! I found it so incredibly helpful. Great writing,

I always enjoy your content. It's clear and presented in a way that avoids the "gee wiz" tone of so many science channels. Yet, I don't feel like you're talking down to me or that I need a degree in physics to understand you. This was an excellent series on black holes. Thank you for putting it together. I can't wait for your next video!

Keep doing the lord's work Alex.

What a great way to explain a complicated subject the metaphors make perfect sense & not overused, anyone could watch this video and get a good grasp on the physicis , but it still has the more seasoned folks like myself (applied science post grad) keenly intested , it just rolls into the brain nicley, this would be a great one for the kids learning science too, well done :)

I think that is this the best video of yours that I have watched. it was so good bro even for being an hour long.

I understood about 5% of that, but it was fascinating!

Thanks so much for the video! The part at 7:37 blew my mind because I had to idea of the true scale of M87's black hole; so immensely larger than I originally thought.

Who agrees: this channel never disappoints 😊

Bravo! What a beautiful documentary! Love the full length format.

Alex, you are brilliant. I can't stress enough how good your presentations are to the layman, amateur astronomer.... Your videos are a work of art, the excellent footage you obtain and the sublime editing., coupled with your interesting and informative plain language narrative... Perfection. 👽👽👽

I didn't even watch the video yet but I want more longer videos!!! I am hyped

I love how this video explains everything so that it's easy to understand it was awesome to watch I learned a lot thank you

Amazing content ALWAYS. And thank you for noting that the graphics are mostly CG.

This is an amazing SuperCut! It is quite seamless, Alex, you've made a wonderful program here, with so much information to enlighten anyone about Black Holes and their attendant parts, and even some better understanding of physics and how the world we are experiencing in Relativity works. I will definitely share this with friends who often have questions for me as the Physics Fan of the group. I also am fascinated by weather, mainly tornadoes, which believe it or not, we really do not know as much about a is assumed. Spinning things in nature still hold mysteries for the Human Mind and Imagination to reveal! Black Holes, the Great Red Spot, Saturn's Hexagon, Tornadoes on Earth and Mars, spinning away while we do not know how or why they are doing what they do. I am loving this Supercut, but wanted to gush a bit, and it is not even completed yet! This is such a fascinating watch!

I'm too dumb to understand the maths but I am fascinated by these objects. I was the only person in my social circle excited by the event horizon telescope results back in 2019.

26:56 "Space tells matter how to move. Matter tells Space how to curve." - John Wheeler Such a profound quote that helps to make clear such a complicated subject such as Black Holes.

Really Thankful that you uploaded this video cause it touch with great detail the most interesting concept of the last 💯 years on physics, from 'Hawking Radiation' to the Casimir effect and the 'Heisemberg Uncertainty principle' 😁👏👏

I watched all these videos when they came out. It was a pleasure to rewatch them all like this. Black holes seem, to me at least, like a glitch in the universe; in reality. Like getting outside the playable boundaries in a video game or an error in a program that just breaks one button while the rest continues to work fine, black holes seem to be some kind of functioning error in the universe. It's like the universe popped into existence, all the rules were set by physics, all the forces of nature emerged, particles came into being, and everything was fine. There. That's a perfectly working universe. Enjoy. And then some cosmic speed runner or data miner comes along and, without breaking any of those rules or forces, causes the universe to do this strange thing that was never intended. "So, this universe runs on gravity and time, right? What if I put a whole bunch of that in one spot?" So, this cosmic hacker tinkers with the programming and discovers planets. "More," he says. And there's the first stars. "More." Now the stars get bigger and heavier. "More, more, more!" Suddenly that spot goes dark. The code of the universe breaks down and there's a spot that technically obeys the laws of the code but ...just doesn't make any sense. And even though this glitched spot now exists, the rest of the universe keeps functioning just fine around it. I need to stop before I write a whole novel.

This video should be given to new entrants to university astrophysics courses and probably theoretical physics courses. Best explanation I've seen for particles in quantum fields. Great work!

Arguably one of the best videos on Universe that I have come across till date

This is amazing, you learn a lot more than just stuff about black holes! Cheers

That idea of the photon being a wave propagating through the quantum field blew my mind... totally changed the way I view everything!

The Astrum Paradox...The more you learn the less you really know.

Probably the best video I ve watched tying together black holes, gravity, relativity, faster than light movement, equivalence, momentum, hawking s radiation, and accretion disk theories. Light on time discussion but you can find a ton of videos on time dilation knock yourself out.

Beautiful! Fantastic video, as always coming from Astrum.. 👏

Thanks for making this a bit easier to understand... Although, a lot of this continues to make my brain spin in a fog, your explanations has helped me to at least grasp part of the concepts -- even if they are just theories.

Amazing quality! A very nice supercut indeed! I was a bit surprised when you said: 'After all, this is just a theory'. In my opinion it feeds into the misunderstanding of the word theory. It was around the 30:00 minute mark :)

The more I learn about quantum physics and the universe, the harder it is to think that there is nothing after death.

Infinitely interesting! What an exciting time to be into cosmology, astronomy, astrophysics, etc. It seems like there a library worth of new research published and ready for even popular consumption (dumbed down or simplified) every week!

OH, Wow! Hands down the very best description I have ever heard. I’ll be thinking about this for awhile. We need more X-ray detectors out there, more powerful. Sofia the telescope was heading in the right direction too. It could see magnetic fields on a galactic scale. Sharpen that tool!🙂

Man I love this guys woice

LEMMiNO was always my go to for space info, you have taken that position sir. I freaking love your channel

Alex, you haven't just earn my like and subscription, but a sheer admiration. You are a national and a treasure of humanity mate. Live long and prosper!

The photon sphere is not "Just outside" it is exactly at 1.5 * R for non rotating BH. Which is significantly outside,

Such a great and thorough video! Really enjoyed it!

Very detailed yet easy to understand video. Wonderful job.

A truly fascinating, amazing, and very well explained documentary on blacj holes. Thank you!

Ur channel is phenomenal alex.. Very informative videos..👍👌💞💞

Bravo! Masterfully done!

Wow, thanks for your work!! High Quality Information, explained in an easy way. Greetinx from Germany

Hey, I really enjoyed this. I usually put these types of videos on a night to help me fall asleep, but I'm still awake and not even complaining. :)

Bravo for your work and research you share with us , Universe is just fascinating ✨✨✨✨

I can say with absolute confidence that you're one of the best channels KZfaq has, if not the best. Thank you for your efforts as always, these videos are greatly appreciated, I've learned a lot.

What is more amazing than the subject of this video is how "amazing" Astrum explains this very complex subject

This is by a mile the best video on black holes and, actually, quantum physics, out there