Build A Simple Sine Wave Oscillator

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Күн бұрын

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/ theaudiophool
This time we're looking at how to build the venerable Wien Bridge Oscillator circuit. Using some clever feedback with a self-biasing JFET. This circuit Is essentially a very high Q filter, fed back using an op-amp with positive feedback to create an oscillation. Which is then sustained by careful managing of the op-amp closed loop gain.
Schematics: drive.google.com/file/d/1khD2...
00:00 Intro
00:40 Wien Bridge Overview
02:10 Oscillator Basics
03:27 Circuit Setup
04:11 Automatic Gain Control
05:13 Diode Recap
06:22 JFETs & AGC
09:00 Circuit Demo
13:31 Add Voltage Control
16:06 Summary & Next Time!

Пікірлер: 121

@siliconjunkie7297 2 жыл бұрын

Good video, Suggestion:- As you modify the circuit display the modified schematic for a few seconds so it’s clear what you are doing

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Will do this in the future. thanks! :)

@salvadorkda5758 2 жыл бұрын

Finally youtube recommends me a good channel about electronics and sound. Great video and explanation. Gonna take a look at the rest of your content :D

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

You're too kind! Thanks for watching :)

@traianmunteanu3866 2 жыл бұрын

I really like that you used manim for the schematics and the animations explaining the concepts, really awesome stuff. Thanks for the content!

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

I think it's a bit cleaner looking than scribbling on a whiteboard 😅 Thanks for watching :)

@MohammedAyazQuadri Жыл бұрын

Whata Manim? Awesome channel btw. Discovered it yesterday. Keep it up!

@sonusharma136 Жыл бұрын

4558ic bom circuit explain

@Toleich 2 жыл бұрын

You've been blessed by the Algorithm, friend.

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

All praise the mighty algorithm

@jakesnell7707 Жыл бұрын

I really appreciate how thoroughly you explain things. It’s very linear, I learned a lot from this. Thank you.

@shawncalderon4950 9 ай бұрын

You are a superb instructor! I’m so happy I found your channel. You truly have a gift for teaching.

@magnopere 2 жыл бұрын

thank you! what a wonderful resource! I've been getting into circuitry in an audio context and it's been a bit difficult to parse the information myself. I will be following along and learning!

@TheSlowerMonkey 2 жыл бұрын

please don't stop making these videos. you're a legend.

@jimlake5404 Жыл бұрын

I really like the way you present circuits. You understand that the people who are interested in this material want to/need to see the schematics, and the theory, and the math. They wouldn't be here if they didn't. So layer it on thick and thank you for your time and energy.

@J.D-g8.1 11 ай бұрын

Your explanations and animations are very clear. Thx for the content.

@davidjohnston5329 2 жыл бұрын

Yay! A new channel to binge watch!

@dardosordi 2 жыл бұрын

I'm so happy to have found your channel. This videos are great!

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Glad to have you along! Thanks for watching :)

@sCealt Жыл бұрын

this is hands down the best youtube channel on DIY synths electronics. can't recommend it enough! great job!

@Theineluctable_SOME_CANT Жыл бұрын

Best, SO FAR... IF you want something really simple, or quite advanced, check me out. I am making content because there is so much shit on KZfaq! Dave, Fran and all the other idiots make us EEs look like fruit loops.

@edgeeffect 2 жыл бұрын

Those animations are excellent.... If you were just talking about currents and resistances and negative feed back.... my head would go all muzzy and I'd completely miss what you were saying. But with the animations, the circuit, the changing values, the arrow growing and shrinking really help to show what's really happening. Great work!

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Glad to hear it! Thanks for watching!!!

@til2003 2 жыл бұрын

Wow. Very well explained. Great Video! Thank you very much.

@CircularMirror7 Жыл бұрын

Great explanations on the functions of the circuits. 😃

@beatrute2677 6 ай бұрын

Thank you very much for all the effort you put into this, I learnt a lot here.

@tiagomello 2 жыл бұрын

Keep up the outstanding work!

@CoolDudeClem 2 жыл бұрын

I always used a light bulb in a wein bridge oscillator, that also seems to work well.

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Incandescent bulb works beautifully and is very cool :)

@Roderick_Legato 2 жыл бұрын

Mr. Hewlett and Mr. Packard thought so.

@soletey832 5 ай бұрын

great explanation - thank you - I'm glad YT found me this channel

@anthonyludington8320 Жыл бұрын

Great video, the graphics are super helpful. 🤘🏻

@Kozakjosh 2 жыл бұрын

Excellent work. I'm just now learning EE basics now with my school after working in signals analysis for a few years in the military. I'm super excited to trying and get to your level some day.

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

That is awesome! Glad to have you along!!

@zapp442 2 жыл бұрын

You have a new subscriber. Thank you very much!

@JLCPCB 2 жыл бұрын

Great video! Very cool project! 😉

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks very much :) I have used your services many a time! Thanks for watching!

@zoeyzhang9866 2 жыл бұрын

Informative video!👍

@nikbivation 2 жыл бұрын

Amazing, thank you for this!!

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks for watching :)

@nyyotam4057 2 жыл бұрын

Congratulations, you got a new subscriber :-).

@overengineeredinoz7683 2 жыл бұрын

Great explanation

@Tichondrius- Жыл бұрын

Check out this oscillator topology my mentor invented: "Sinusoidal Oscillators Operating at Frequencies Exceeding Unity-Gain Bandwidth of Operational Amplifiers" is the article's title.

@psynautic 2 жыл бұрын

things are really ramping up (pun intended) cant wait for the next few

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Boom boom! Thanks for all your support James! :)

@mattcorrigan6639 2 жыл бұрын

good stuff

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks for watching :)

@dannyroessler 2 жыл бұрын

very good explained video as always, but now that you opened up the rabbit hole of vactrols, it would be realy great if you can dive a bit deeper onto ways of linearising vactrols befor you go on with control voltage

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Noted! Thanks for watching :)

@acebinko1 Жыл бұрын

I know this comment is late, but I absolutely love your videos. I like following along with the math and i really appreciate when you show multiple design choices and why and when to go that route. I see that you are taking a lot of feedback from the community and i would like to mention something if you wouldn't mind taking it into consideration. A lot of the AC frequencies you work with are within hearing range (obviously because it's within audio signal range). Do you mind addressing whether these circuits work with frequencies up to a few hundred kilohertz? I know a lot of circuits are prone to noise and attenuation as you approach this range. If you could address this that would be absolutely appreciated.

@christianh.5908 2 ай бұрын

Man I love these detailed explanations Can you please link the wave shaping part you mentioned in the end?

@JonAndress 4 ай бұрын

Love this channel. One request, can you consider editing your videos so that we can hear the effect that we are creating at the beginning of the video? For example, It would be great to hear at the beginning of the discussion what the different wave types sound like. (sine vs sawtooth etc)

@tamasv1290 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you for this another great video! I am not an "audio guy" but I like building audio stuff because it is a great way to learn about analog circuitry while still having a lot of fun! Your videos were a great help and a fantastic source! I hope you keep up the good work! Best wishes!

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Really glad you're enjoying them. Thanks for watching!! :)

@danielnathaniel5883 10 ай бұрын

Great job boss. Please can you make a 3 phase pure sine oscillator with 120 degree phase shift. Thanks. You just gain a subscriber

@shiva.chennai 7 ай бұрын

Very interesting. Thank you. You could have expressed the value of frequency while testing. Anyway thank you so much. 17:05

@kamleshchavan7451 10 ай бұрын

Awesome explanation, sir any videos on Radio Control circuit's , explaining in detail the working of the circuit , how the signals are transmitted from transmitter to receiver to control the dc motors in the RC toys

@Dexter101x 3 ай бұрын

Reminds me of those auditory tests

@robertoc.5505 Жыл бұрын

Thanx for video, the best sub bass osc ever! I'm breadboarding it but what op amp is in the video? LM741?

@woosix7735 2 жыл бұрын

I was just messing around with the same circuit, nice. I was thinking this could make a good simple sine lfo if you have big capacitors, and there is no point for super prisice voltage control if any for an lfo

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

I had the exact same thought!

@ConsertandoTudo Жыл бұрын

One thing I like about eletronics are those "unusual" ways to use components. Even with explanation I could not really understand the jfet self oscillation part. I'm really a noob, I would use a 555, a LPF and a opamp

@grandchampignon Жыл бұрын

hello! love this channel, it has taught me so much! I tried to build this circuit, but I didn't have a j113 so i tried substituting another N-channel JFET, a 2N3819 - i can't seem to get it to oscillate. I have confirmed that if I replace the JFET with just a trimpot I can start the oscillations by turning the trimpot. do these not work for this purpose, or is there something I'm missing?

@jonayamaha3215 2 жыл бұрын

im stupid, i cant follow you, and i fell like the day that i know enough to follow what you are saying i wont get any value because i'm gonna know what you're explaining, the video is great production and im gonna build this oscillator as a tool for audio equipment repair. About those ldr-led thingy (i didnt catch the name you call them, im from Argentina, i barely speak spanish, let alone english...i taught myself as i did with electronics repairs, who cares i know) theres a really good attenuator build called "lightspeed", i mention it because attenuator are useful and maybe is useful to you. Thanks for the video, hope someday i understand everything lol.

@roygalaasen 2 жыл бұрын

There is a series on op amps that is explained by an old man, and while it may seem boring, the way he explains things is just amazing. I do have a feeling that if you watch some of the first videos in this playlist, you will get a better understanding: kzfaq.info/sun/PLL_nf1OmixTTd7rEoqoM6aJ5ZdI-V47vs Edit: I didn’t mean to offend anyone by calling anyone ‘old’. I am not so young myself lol…

@jonayamaha3215 2 жыл бұрын

@@roygalaasen hey man, thanks for your time, ill check that out no doubt, i'm 32 on this sunday so im already started to decay too lol.

@roygalaasen 2 жыл бұрын

@@jonayamaha3215 Hey! Happy birthday coming Sunday then! Oh to be 32 again! 😃

@bayareapianist 4 ай бұрын

One problem I see which you didn't solve is the output max voltage changes by frequency. Maybe you need an optocoupler to control this too.

@ke9tv 11 ай бұрын

Heh. No classic incandescent lamp for the amplitude regulation? :) Nice explanation of the Wien bridge (if a bit hand-wavey - but that's perfect for beginners!) I think I'll skip over this step and go to a MFOS-style exponential VCCS. Only use a Pt-RTD instead of the old-style thermistor, they're getting hard to find and of dodgy quality while the RTD's are getting cheap.

@ianliston-smith7921 2 жыл бұрын

Nice description of the circuit. Presumably the cct will work with a CA3130 without split +V and -V? What's the formula for calculating the frequency?

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

It should do! You need a mid-rail reference as your 'ground'. I do mention in passing, should have made this clearer in the video. sorry! As long as you have c1 = c2 and r1 = r2 the frequency of oscillation is the 3dB point of the filters aka f = 1/(2*pi*R*C). If you decide you want to have different values for c1 & c2, or r1 & r2 the equation becomes f = 1/(2*pi*SQRT(R1*R2*C1*C2)). Which you can see simplifies to the first equation if the resistors and capacitors match. :)

@biplabbanerjee3013 8 ай бұрын

What is the output distortion or noise level in dB. Thanks for yr. video teaching.

@sebastian19745 2 жыл бұрын

Where did you hide the arduino? how many bits is the resolution of the sine wave? Just kidding. Man, I am glad that I found your channel, a pure electronics channel were you explain so beautiful the concepts of basic electronics.Sadly, many forgot that old school circuits and program everything on a microcontroller.

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

I'm very glad to hear you're enjoying the channel! I do agree that there is something to be had from the challenge of designing analog electronics. :) Glad to have you aboard!

@arvetemecha Жыл бұрын

Hello, I agree, this is such a nice channel, great content! I'm very fond of analog designs and tricks, even if the digital world pays my bills, I always go back to the "analog" parts of The Art of Electronics to have fun.

@stefansynths 2 жыл бұрын

The animations were great! How much work was it vs the whiteboard?

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

A lot!!

@stefansynths 2 жыл бұрын

@@TheAudioPhool Worth it?

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

@@stefansynths Absolutely. I'm hoping that as i get more familiar it will get a bit quicker. took me about a weeks worth of evenings to do these!

@Mehdi-uh5pw 2 жыл бұрын

Really cool video ! Although, I was wondering, instead of using a JFET to make the total gain greater then one, wouldn't it be cheaper to use a RNTC resistor ? We replace R2 by this resistor which would have a standard value greater then 20k ohm and would then decrease to 20k ohm as the circuit increases in temperature. Thanks for the video !

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

The original circuit (from the 19th century!) Uses an incandescent bulb to do exactly this. Lots of different ways to build anything! Give it a go and let me know how it goes :)

@dulcemariapenadediaz2820 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks You very much. I like your chanel because I understand better than the university class.great chanel.what it's the name of the app used for you?

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

That's very kind of you to say! The app used for what specifically?

@petername2608 2 жыл бұрын

Bro can you make a video on amplifier were i want to increase the voltage from 0- 45volt and 5 amps

@tziirkq Жыл бұрын

How much does it matter which diode is used? Are there any diodes which wouldn't work, or in this instance could any diode be used?

@tomcatmeow69 15 күн бұрын

I wonder how low a frequency this circuit can create. Looking for 7.83 hz. the heartbeat of earth itself.

@falconhawker 2 жыл бұрын

(1) Have you found ohmic contact problems when using solderless breadboards to test your designs ?

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Yes all the time. Very infuriating! Lots of people swear off them entirely. You just have to give everything a prod from time to time and I find it's ok for low frequency stuff like this! :)

@danielabayomi2794 10 ай бұрын

sir, can i implement this circuit in an inverter to design a sine wave inverter?

@stefanb.933 6 ай бұрын

can lm 358 be used?

@malte1984 8 ай бұрын

why is there an appearently necessary diode in your schematic (it doesn't work without it when i try it) but in the video it seems to work without it? Plus: The Video makes it seem as if R5 and R1 are 10k but in your Schematic it is 1M and 20k.... so to make that clear: the schematic in the discribtion works like a charm (it produces around 73Hz) but the cirquit as shown in the video doesn't work. for clarification: I used a stableized, clean +/-4.7VDC power supply, an OPA2134 OpAmp and an NTE 312 JFET because those where the parts I had at home. I doubt however, that the diode was needed because of the difference in parts... I would be thankful for clarification

@sixteenlevel Жыл бұрын

Could a guitar trigger this, to add some bottom end to it... if yes, how?

@Temu69recordsdotcom 2 жыл бұрын

class is in session

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Sure is! Enjoy! 😁

@Temu69recordsdotcom 2 жыл бұрын

@@TheAudioPhool but for real tho, this is the only channel on KZfaq I stop whatever I'm doing and pay attention thru the entire video. Incredibly engaging as a presenter and teacher, keep it up!!!

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

@@Temu69recordsdotcom That is so kind! I'm really glad you're enjoying the videos :) Thanks for watching!

@beasterfield321 Жыл бұрын

is there a way to do this with 4.5 volts and a 9V power supply? I tried this circuit replacing all grounds with 4.5 and had no luck. the best I can get is a triangle wave or square.

@TheAudioPhool Жыл бұрын

I'll have a look and get back to you

@TheAudioPhool Жыл бұрын

I'll have a look and get back to you

@beasterfield321 Жыл бұрын

@@TheAudioPhool So, I learned that you can take a single supply voltage supply like 9 volts, and voltage divide it between the positive and negative end, this gives you +4.5V and -4.5V. Then I can get the oscillator circuit to work. so if I wanted +15V and -15V, I would use a +30VDC supply and voltage divide it. There is no explanation of this anywhere online this I could find. I just had to figure it out. granted I have an associates in electronic engineering :).

@fragnet7673 Ай бұрын

Optocouplers with cellotape. You funny

@grzesiek1x 2 жыл бұрын

I was so dissappointed recently when I made a nice oscillator and on the breadboard it worked perfectly so I decieed to make a PCB and solder all circuit on the PCB and here the problems start... actually the main problem is no oscillation.

@arvetemecha Жыл бұрын

That could be caused by the small (or not so small) added resistances and capacitances in the breadboard connections. When you soldered the same components on the almost "perfect" PCB, you lost those extra random Rs and Cs that where used to tune the oscillator within its range. I had a similar experience when I was young, as I was not allowed to use my father's soldering station, I built my first small FM emitter "DIY kit" on a piece of cardboard and connected the components using a "circuitgraph" (wrapping pen). Surprisingly, it worked and my father was so impressed he printed the PCB by the book, with everything soldered nice and tidy, and the only way to have it kind of working was to touch the collector of a transistor in the oscillator part of the circuit...

@grzesiek1x Жыл бұрын

Exactly! The same story but it gives me a lesson also to calculate everything more acuratelly and for my own so I will always know what it is going on..

@boblewis5558 2 жыл бұрын

Just a point on pronunciation ... It's actually a "veen" not "vine" oscillator from the German (Austrian) Wien meaning Vienna! 🤭

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

Typical Englishman! I'll do better next time 😬

@boblewis5558 2 жыл бұрын

@@TheAudioPhool wrong again ... I'm not English! And please don't insult people or their language.

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

@@boblewis5558 i meant me!!

@sabamacx 2 жыл бұрын

I understand why this circuit oscillates, but I don't understand why it generates a sine waveform, and not a cosh or sinc or parabolic periodic function. Could you explain or derive why it's a sine wave?

@TheAudioPhool Жыл бұрын

I think the simplest way to think about why the output would be a sine wave is to think of the oscillator as a very tight band pass filter with a unity gain at the oscillating frequency. In less jargony terms, the oscillator essentially mantains a gain of 1 at a specific frequency and a gain of 0 elsewhere. That specific frequency is a sine wave by definition. We know from fourier that sound is made up of an infinite sum of discrete frequencies, and that each frequency is represented by a sine wave of a certain amplitude and phase. We are just highlighting one of those frequencies, which leaves us with just one sine wave! :)

@alexlindgren858 11 ай бұрын

will this work up to 600kHz?

@terencekaye9948 2 жыл бұрын

Can't find the schematics ?

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

In the description! drive.google.com/file/d/1khD2Ajdpu5866NRdZzonbIwHA7jOcTK4/view

@terencekaye9948 2 жыл бұрын

@@TheAudioPhool hi thank you. The description aren't showing up on my tablet for some strange reason

@TheAudioPhool 2 жыл бұрын

@@terencekaye9948 Yeah on mobile applications the description is a bit hard to find. Next to the video title there's a little downward pointing arrow that you click on to reveal the description. Thanks for watching :)