Did a Deadly Plague Destroy Neolithic Europe?
Рет қаралды 480,610
Күн бұрынWhat caused the Neolithic Decline in Europe? Was it the first great plague in history? And if so, did it cause a Neolithic apocalypse?
In the 4th Millennium BC, Neolithic Europe experienced a sustained decline. By about 3000 BC Western Steppe Herders like the Yamnaya and related groups migrated west into Europe, changing the genetics and culture forever, and bringing about the Bronze Age.
The male lineages of Neolithic Europe came to an end as the steppe herders had offspring with the Neolithic farmer women. Did this only happen because the settled farmers had already been brought to their knees by waves of plague?
In this video we look at the first recorded samples of the plague - Yersinia Pestis - the same bacterium that caused the Black Death and the Plague of Justinian and Bronze Age plagues.
Did the disease first become dangerous in the vast proto-cities of the Cucuteni-Trypillia culture in Eastern Europe?
Related videos referenced in this video
Cucuteni-Trypillia culture: • Cucuteni-Trypillia Cul...
Neolithic Britain: • The Entire History of ...
Funnelbeaker culture: • The Funnelbeaker Cultu...
Pitted Ware culture: • Europe's Last Hunter-G...
The First Horse Riders: • The First Horse Riders...
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Video Sources
Early Divergent Strains of Yersinia pestis in Eurasia 5,000 Years Ago - Rasmussen et al (2015)
➜ www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
Emergence and Spread of Basal Lineages of Yersinia pestis during the Neolithic Decline - Rascovan (2019)
➜ www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0...
Analysis of 3800-year-old Yersinia pestis genomes suggests Bronze Age origin for bubonic plague - Spyrou et al (2018)
➜ www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
Video Chapters
00:00 The Black Death in History
02:02 The Plague of Justinian
02:46 Neolithic Plague
04:49 How the Plague Kills You
06:43 Plague Emerges in Cucuteni-Trypillia
11:21 Historical Cause and Effect
13:01 Did Plague Depopulate Neolithic Europe?
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
If you enjoy the video please hit "like" as it really helps me out! Let me know what other Neolithic and Bronze Age subjects you would like covered. Here are links to the other videos I referenced: Cucuteni-Trypillia culture: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/eNFihMWXlr-1kn0.html Neolithic Britain: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/kNuKf9uI29yZpps.html Funnelbeaker culture: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/n7CJqcuXlby6mWQ.html Pitted Ware culture: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/ldijo9SAx7aWqZs.html The First Horse Riders: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/d7N4pNNhspa4ZIU.html Neolithic playlist: kzfaq.info/sun/PLUyGT3KDxwC-oYx5RJYcGU5Qg9Z2ypjbS Bronze Age playlist: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/fcecja-gucu5Z2g.html
@pasquinomarforio 2 жыл бұрын
You should be teaching ancient history at Oxford. Seriously. Your hypotheses are absolutely brilliant. Your dissertations are precise, well referenced, and should be part of mainstream scholarship debate. Well done !!!
@christophercripps7639 2 жыл бұрын
As always good job. Bronze Age subjects? Just about any cutting edge topic on the steppe cultures or the "Hittites" & the related Luwians. Where the bleep did they come from? PIE speakers suddenly appear in the historical record ca 19 c BCE amongst speakers of nonPUE languages or so & a few centuries later they are sacking cities & carrying off the others' gods (idols).
@chrisbricky7331 2 жыл бұрын
Well done and thanks for doing all this hard work. Chris
@chrisbricky7331 2 жыл бұрын
I would be really interested on your take of the North American Clovis Point neolithic culture and how it is related or if it is related to Europeans? My understanding after all these years and my hypothesis is the Clovis spear points seem to be related and a direct technological progression from European stone age spear points and archaeology in some cases seems to point out that the spear point technology spread from East to West in North America, counter to the Siberian migration theory. I hypothesize that a European culture crossed during an ice age by moving along the Ice sheets and from island to island across the North Atlantic while the sea levels were lower. Then got mostly wiped out when the Comets hit the ice sheets in Canada. There was a discovery of a very old burial ground or mass grave off the coast of Florida with European DNA that dates to just after the Ice Age ended. This also coincides with the loss of the great ice age beasts across North America. Would love for you to tackle this topic. I always want to expand my knowledge or at least compare it to others so I can reassess my structure of thinking in regards to the old standard paradigms. Thanks, Chris
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
@@christophercripps7639 yes I am fascinated by that period, by the Hittites and Luwians. I will be researching it in detail in future but not for a while yet.
@TheRealRusDaddy 2 жыл бұрын
My friend was telling me about this old medieval french lemonade made with oranges recipe that he found and was talking about how the sheer amount of people in the french county that made most of the lemonade survived better then most of europe because they constantly threw the lemon and orange peels all over but the lemon peels drives off the bugs because of the citric acid or some such sciency reason
@lunettasuziejewel2080 2 жыл бұрын
Citric acid is indeed antibacterial; as is vinegar; they are common in DIY household cleaners (and even in hospitals...I work in an ER and we've used citric acid-soaked cleaning wipes). I clean my reptiles' cages and rinse fruit & vegetables with a water-vinegar mix I keep in a spray bottle. You can also add vinegar or lemon juice to laundry during the second rinse, and de-grease your appliances with them. AND vinegar can replace eggs in some baked goods recipes without affecting the taste. Citric acid and vinegar are basically magic, is what I'm saying.
@alessandrogini5283 2 жыл бұрын
@@lunettasuziejewel2080 do you have medical knowledge?
@lunettasuziejewel2080 2 жыл бұрын
@@alessandrogini5283 Some! I've absorbed quite a bit from the ER (I'm in an admin position, but I have patient contact/work alongside the clinical staff). I'm a licensed massage therapist, which in my state requires study of anatomy/physiology/kinesiology/pathology...we used to joke that the year it takes to get your first certification was like your first year of med school. And, unfortunately, I also live with OCD, and for awhile there I was absolutely petrified of spreading diseases and allergens. So I did a lot of research for a lot of hours about cleaning agents. The OCD is under control now, thank God, but I do still retain a lot of the information I found then 🤗
@alessandrogini5283 2 жыл бұрын
@@lunettasuziejewel2080 what is OCD?
@s.clairegreen9577 2 жыл бұрын
@@lunettasuziejewel2080 I agree with the addition of acidic solutions in cleaning for sure. It's also possible that the benefits of citric in particular include fighting off scurvy. The acids also act as natural food preservatives (think ceviche). I'm also a big advocate of apple cider vinegar (ACV) with live cultures, such as "Braggs" with "The Mother", just 'magical' for sure!! 🤩
@OrNaurItsKat 2 жыл бұрын
Praise be to the algorithm that has blessed us with this recommendation
@V43xV1CT15 2 жыл бұрын
Yep same, damn KZfaq hiding this stuff from me even when I search for it
@lizc6393 2 жыл бұрын
Amen! This channel is freaking phenomenal.
@gfamily1943 2 жыл бұрын
Lol yesssss
@zac2780 2 жыл бұрын
Shame for not being subscribed!
@sacagawea9743 2 жыл бұрын
Same algorithms that brain wash people 🙄 subscribe
@bateman2112 2 жыл бұрын
One of the hardest things to do as a historian is keeping the present day from coloring interpretation of poorly/not recorded events/behaviors. I've only met a handful of historians that can even sort of manage it. Unfortunately the stronger your intrests/concerns the more they'll leak in. That, coupled with most of us having a latent desire to not be wrong, leads to some really stupid conflicts in the field. I applaud this video as it manages to present the few facts available and presents possible explanations without backing one or two explanations as fact.
@The_InfantMalePollockFrancis 2 жыл бұрын
Confirmation Bias
@bateman2112 2 жыл бұрын
@@loturzelrestaurant please speak with your psychiatrist about upping your dosage.
@Blalack77 2 жыл бұрын
I was thinking about that exact aspect but I couldn't think of a good way to word it. I was thinking that being able to see your own biases and influences of your own time would be difficult because it's such a subtle thing. I'm having trouble wording a lot of things lately - I'm wondering if I have the plague of our time and it's making my mind foggy lol...
@PeterGregoryKelly 2 жыл бұрын
In examining collapse of civilisations the simple answer is that nothing lasts forever, including empires. Every empire in history has believed itself to be immortal. Hubris as denial of death. A lesson for the American Empire too and our present civilisation. Another dark age will come because nothing lasts forever.
@FuckingFuckShitBitch 2 жыл бұрын
@@loturzelrestaurant that's all well and good, and I wish joy upon you as well. However, you do know 'lol random' isn't a personality?
@jackholloway1 2 жыл бұрын
Plagues have always fascinated me since I was a kid, the concept of an invisible force passing through a society and killing off a good chunk of the population captures my imagination. Must have been terrifying for people who didn't understand what bacterial/viral infection was, look how people have reacted to the one doing the rounds at the minute which is barely a ripple compared to the megatsunami that was the black death or the plague of Justinian. If so many people are so frightened now of a relatively benign disease that we understand how to treat and how it spreads, what must have gone through the minds of our ancestors as their friends and family keeled over in droves?
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
It's clearly the will of the gods, what else could it be?
@dbmail545 2 жыл бұрын
@@DanDavisHistory I have often said that antibiotic resistance in microbes proves the theory of evolution or the malevolence of the Supreme Being. Not really a third alternative.
@jorgebarriosmur 2 жыл бұрын
@@DanDavisHistory Lets sacrifice somebody to apease them! Indeed I have already somebody in mind :)
@megancrager4397 2 жыл бұрын
@@dbmail545 sure there are
@swirvinbirds1971 2 жыл бұрын
What worries me is it's only a matter of time we see something like it again and we as a nation are in no way ready for such. People are more concerned with personal freedom to not wear a mask. Heck right now they are trying to pass laws to prevent mask mandates. Nevermind if Corona was going on back then the death toll would be far higher and if the black death came today the death toll would be much lower than back then. Medical advances are a major difference.
@whatsaguygottado2669 2 жыл бұрын
All it takes is a breakout of something as simple as "bed bugs" to make you want to burn-down your house.....
@sophiawilson8696 2 жыл бұрын
The best treatment heat put clothing in dryer and if it winter put things outside. Heat and Cold kills Bed bugs.
@billbrown1335 2 жыл бұрын
😂
@skidelrymar 2 жыл бұрын
4 years i have bugs in my bed and i don't know what to do. last winter i bought a steam cleaner and i could get rid of the bugs. in the summer is not so simple, i have to steam the bed 2-3 times a week. sometimes i can't sleep
@bbsbbsairsoft4841 2 жыл бұрын
@@erdelegy how bad was that electric bill? I'm sure it was a lot better than bed bugs though.
@tenshi.kurama 2 жыл бұрын
You do need to heat your entire home, either exterminator or self but I suffered them for a year trying all kinds of ways and finally had to give in and pay the pest control their charge. Got em again and they only got into one room for a few days, called exterminators and it was much less as they only had to treat my room. Once I found out where I was picking them up from I refused to go back. The fist one came from an unhygienic visitor of my roommates whome I refused to let back on the property through threat of trespassing. The second was one of my job sites that has since been cleansed of bugs
@iceowl 2 жыл бұрын
burning the house down and building a new one sounds like a kind of purification ritual, done for probably several reasons, including the ones you mentioned. a new building is less likely to have collected mold and disease, and may just be more structurally sound than the previous construction, as they learned new building techniques.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, like most human cultural activities there were probably multiple reasons for doing it. But their houses didn't really change in design for something like a thousand years. The Cucuteni-Trypillia houses were apparently extremely important, foundational really, to their society.
@gregbors8364 2 жыл бұрын
I think that was the Talking Heads culture
@gazpf 2 жыл бұрын
wood rots too.
@barkershill Жыл бұрын
Maybe an insurance fraud?
@iceowl Жыл бұрын
@@barkershill DB Cooper was there
@simeongrk486 2 жыл бұрын
This is really , really good channel. I hope you reach million subs not just because you deserve it but because people also deserve this kind of videos and knowledge. Sorry for broken english, greetings from Serbia. : )
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much. Your English is excellent.
@eacalvert 2 жыл бұрын
I agree ❤️
@billyray3565 2 жыл бұрын
I hope you get 1 million trillion likes. Not because you deserve it but because that would be funny and low key ironic.
@18Ty 2 жыл бұрын
@@DanDavisHistory let's see if you remember us when your swimming in that KZfaq money💸
@kimberlyperrotis8962 2 жыл бұрын
Your English is nearly perfect, just add the necessary articles and you’re there. So, add “a” before really and million, and “the” before broken. This is one of the odd features of English, frequently using the definite (the) and indefinite (a) articles, most languages don’t have this.
@perceivedvelocity9914 2 жыл бұрын
As a kid I watched the Stephen King's "The Stand". (The 1994 TV miniseries). I was way too young for it. Man, that story terrified me. It looks like this discovery could easily be turned into a ancient version of that story.
@petercarioscia9189 2 жыл бұрын
One of my favorite books
@kauaichan 2 жыл бұрын
I honestly wish more authors would do this, can you imagine all the information they've gathered? Storytelling is a practice as old as humans themselves, they are our teachers who devoted themselves to preserving and retelling stories. Sure it may not all be that way in 2021, but videos and channels like this I feel give homage to that concept 💯💕 Side note: I have not heard of this author or his works, this randomly popped up in my feed. I'm glad it did tho, I'm now very curious to explore his novels!
@anthonyappleyard5688 2 жыл бұрын
The "Western Steppe Herders like the Yamnaya and related groups" :: were they the people who brought the Common Indo-European language into Europe?
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Probably yes.
@annab.5724 2 жыл бұрын
KZfaq recommended this video to me while watching a popular history video so, hopefully that means you’ll be seeing an influx of subscribers! You deserve them with how fascinating and thoroughly researched your subjects are. Thank you for your hard work and, if it’s any encouragement, you have at least one new sub now.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much.
@francessimmonds5784 2 жыл бұрын
Black Death linked to the end of serfdom..."it's got a lot to answer for" makes it sound like the end of serfdom was a bad thing.
@dnomyarnostaw 2 жыл бұрын
It reminded me of the famous Douglas Adams quote "In the beginning the Universe was created. This has made a lot of people very angry and has been widely regarded as a bad move."
@magiv4205 2 жыл бұрын
@@dnomyarnostaw I thought the exact same thing lmao
@sephikong8323 2 жыл бұрын
Technically, the end of serfdom in Western Europe was kind of a bad thing for Eastern Europe ..... or rather a bad thing for it's peasants but an excellent news for the nobility. Basically, a lot of western Europe had a sudden need for agricultural goods as the social mobility increased and that meant that Eastern Europe (basically just Poland and Russia) had a strengthening of their own serfdom during the early modern era to cover for this need and make some big bank (and considering that Poland was prior to that one of the freest countries, that was a downgrade, granted it was way less harsh than in Russia, but the russian serfs already had it bad to begin with, it just became worse). So it depends from your perspective really
@josephhenry9924 2 жыл бұрын
The Black Death put an end to the crusades/put an end to high rents and low wages. For a couple of generations at least Pre plague Europe/ Eurasia was overpop[ulated . It took 200 years for the population to recover to the pre plague levels. Enough said. .
@dnomyarnostaw 2 жыл бұрын
@@josephhenry9924 A bit of revisionist History huh? The great European Plague started 1347 , in ended around the 1350's. The great plague of London was around 1346 to 1352. The Crusades predated (about 1150) , and went waaayy past 1352 .. "16th century .... The Habsburgs, French, Spanish and Venetians and Ottomans all signed treaties. Francis I of France allied with all quarters, including from German Protestant princes and Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent ... The Habsburgs, French, Spanish and Venetians and Ottomans all signed treaties. Francis I of France allied with all quarters, including from German Protestant princes and Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent... Anti-Christian crusading declined in the 15th century, the exceptions were the six failed crusades against the religiously radical Hussites in Bohemia and attacks on the Waldensians in Savoy"
@brandondavidson4085 2 жыл бұрын
The Trypillia people burning their houses down to sanitize their communities of pests and diseases is fascinating. Reminds me of how the Romani people religiously took baths with running water. Sometimes we just kind of stumbled on the right answers to staying healthy.
@justsomenuts 2 жыл бұрын
Regarding more women surviving the plague than men, women naturally have stronger immune systems than men and usually have a better survival rate from infectious disease. (additionally, auto immune disorders are more common in women.)
@nonyadamnbusiness9887 2 жыл бұрын
As it is with Covid 19. Women are twice as likely to survive it.
@DennisMoore664 2 жыл бұрын
Wouldn't it also typically be men who make contact with other people? I'm guessing that some of them who contracted a deadly communicable disease through whatever means of transmission would have died before they were able to return to their own tribe and spread the disease among the women and children.
@NullHand 2 жыл бұрын
Currently, the largest number of known immune system genes is on the X chromosome. So women have at least 1 backup copy of each. Like color blindness, if men inherit a broken copy, they have to express it. It may be that the main role of the male sex is to act as an evolutionary error correction scratch-pad for complex organisms. As a side note, many auto-immune diseases (ra, ms, lupus) strike later in life, and probably fly above the reproductive radar of natural selection. Infection not so much. In the absence of vaccines and antibiotics, they usually hit the youngest hardest.
@barbiquearea 2 жыл бұрын
This explains why on average women tend to live longer.
@zciweslab 2 жыл бұрын
If women were responsible for the domesticated animals, milking cows and goats, shearing sheep and processing fibers and furs, etc. then they probably would have been exposed to a multiplicity of zoonotic diseases that fostered greater immunity.
@israelguerra8827 2 жыл бұрын
It’s always intrigued me how a plague usually plays a large part in the fall of kingdoms and cultures. The Spanish Conquest of the Americas had Smallpox. Thank you for bringing to light what a huge role Pestis has played in steering our course 🙏🏽
@manzelli1981 2 жыл бұрын
It was probably mentioned earlier, but your point on current events influencing historiography of an ancient culture was so well put. Just like now, events unfolded thousands of years ago in the ways they did because of multiple reasons. Thank you for calling that out, because it’s such an easy trap to fall into when we analyze the past.
@jelkel25 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, and one catastrophy often had a domino effect, plague caused famine, famine caused toppling of elites, conflict and the end of established religions/societal bonds.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
You're absolutely right.
@hillockfarm8404 2 жыл бұрын
From what i understand, the malnutrition/famine causes a weak immunesystem that makes people more suseptible to disease so it spread easier. And failed harvests may also cause migration of large(r) groups of people, which would also spread diseases.
@mikitz 2 жыл бұрын
Usually, wide-spread hunger is the worst thing that could happen to any ruler.
@staytuned2L337 2 жыл бұрын
Thing I like most about this is that you're getting in to the stuff behind your stuff. I always appreciate these kinda videos. Well done, Dan!
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Wonderful, thank you.
@raraavis7782 2 жыл бұрын
It's a wonder, modern civilization ever developed, isn't it? I mean, surviving would have been hard enough, as it it...if you add in warfare and horrific diseases like this...it's pretty marvelous, we even survived as a species, never mind managed to built large cities and invent technologies.
@nobodynowhere6945 2 жыл бұрын
Civilization nearly sprouted so many different times. It took a good long while before it finally took hold. Honestly, I've come around to the opinion that it was a pretty tough sell at the time. Farmers had less free time than hunter gatherers or nomadic pastoralists, had a less varied diet of lower nutritional quality, performed repetitive straining backbreaking labor that ruined their bodies, needed to form settlements for protection (sowing fields was putting a target on your back), and *then* had to deal with the constant attacks as well as disease. The only people who really stood to benefit were the leadership, and that group is invariably small. Religious sites like Göbekli Tepe, which predate complex civilization, coupled with the fact that the quality of life would be decreased for the majority of any founding population (and for many subsequent generations) leads me to believe that religion was probably the primary organizing factor for proto-civilization. If they're not benefiting in this life, it's probably in the next. It's also the primary method of societal organization historically (even today), so it's not surprising that it started that way.
@argie9914 2 жыл бұрын
@@nobodynowhere6945 It's only gotten worse since then, honestly.
@cathjj840 2 жыл бұрын
It only took like what...300,000 years? Though admittedly, things speeded up a bit once we out of the ice age(s). I often think there may have been some serious starts in places that have been deep underwater since the great thaw. After all, even today, most of humanity still lives fairly near the shores.
@sophiejones3554 Жыл бұрын
Actually, many anthropologists think the difficulties posed by rapidly changing environments post-Ice Age *caused* the rise of denser settlements and wider trade networks. As previously abundant and culturally important resources became scarce, tribes had to either migrate or trade: causing the rise of multi-tribe confederations that would eventually become proto-states.
@ik7968 2 жыл бұрын
Captivating from start to finish. You earned a new subscriber my man. What a concise and comprehensible video to explain sth so potentially complicated. Love it
@edwardealdseaxe5253 2 жыл бұрын
Fascinating as usual. The reality of these variations of the bubonic plague makes our current situation seem pale in comparison.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@Pynaegan 2 жыл бұрын
Our "current situation" isn't a significant cause for concern. 😒
@edwardealdseaxe5253 2 жыл бұрын
@@Pynaegan it's just an opinion you don't have to choke on it
@WWZenaDo 2 жыл бұрын
That's assuming no highly virulent variations evolve....
@edwardealdseaxe5253 2 жыл бұрын
@@WWZenaDo Yes naturally.
@adamrodaway9116 2 жыл бұрын
Absolutely fascinating video, and beautifully explained. The brief discussion of the Bronze Age collapse at 12:20 ish totally nails it and should be required listening for anyone interested in perspectives on ancient history!
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much.
@sophiawilson8696 2 жыл бұрын
The BRONZE Age Collapse was cause by the Threa Volcano.
@adamrodaway9116 2 жыл бұрын
@@sophiawilson8696 I think the big eruption of Thera was around 1600BCE (this massively affected the Minoan civilisation). The Bronze Age collapse was much later (c. 1100BCE)
@mweskamppp 2 жыл бұрын
I recall from medieval times they put bundles of brushwood on the floor and even slept on it. Not changing it out for years or even forever. Does not seem to be a healthy thing to me.
@baraxor 2 жыл бұрын
Much like sawdust on the floor of saloons and taverns, rushes were supposed to be periodically swept out. I suppose that some households were either too lazy to go to the trouble, or were too poor to afford it.
@mweskamppp 2 жыл бұрын
@@baraxor I read it was bundles of tied together brushwood, maybe 2 to 4 inches thick on a stomped clay-ground. Stayed there for years. Quite warm and dry to sit and sleep on and also relatively soft. Unfortunately I can not find something to quote for that. I hope my memory is not playing a prank on me. In my area later there were bigger houses. On one head end were the sleeping rooms of the owners and children. then left and right the hands. With a wooden floor over some foot of empty space. Then a dividing wall, then kitchen, older versions with a firehole in the ground and a spark catcher over it. Then left and right at the side walls room for the cattle. Later versions had room for the hands on top of the cattle and also storage room for hay and harvest. the smoke from the kitchen was disinfecting the thatched roof over all of it, in later centuries they used separated kitchen with hearth and chimney. all the ground except the sleeping area was stomped clay. there were different versions of course. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_German_house The house of an aunt of mine was a late version of that from about 1800. The living area already renovated two steps up with stone floor and roof tiles on top of everything. I remember i helped them hauling hay bricks from a wagon through a hole up to the hayloft above the horses to the left and right using a big fork. Wow, that was exhausting. My grandfathers house from 1925 was a craftsmans house and lot. one basement room for storage. The rest had double brick walls in the sand with isolation gap and wooden planks half a meter above sand. The wooden floor was covered with linoleum.
@xyz8512 2 жыл бұрын
I only discovered you a couple of months ago. Great stuff! Keep it up.
@tribalbabymum 2 жыл бұрын
This is great, I have never heard of the trypillian civilization, thank you for introducing me to it. I will certainly be watching more of your great videos.
@y.b4251 2 жыл бұрын
I love the map! Really make the understanding of topic easier
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
I'm so glad to hear that. Making the maps takes a lot of extra time so it's good to know people find them useful.
@-handala- Жыл бұрын
I find it fascinating that this is your side gig, Dan. Top quality.
@GriffinParke 2 жыл бұрын
Great video. Maybe the concept of the four horsemen of the apocalypse has deeper roots than we realise.
@gregbors8364 2 жыл бұрын
Sure, the stories in the Bible are all just ripped off from previous religions
@gregbors8364 2 жыл бұрын
@Simone Oh, IKR, he was a Jewish socialist just like Bernie Sanders 👍
@baronzad2056 2 жыл бұрын
If you think about it really hard... God came from Yahweh, and Yahweh is an Italic/Germanic thunder & lightning god whose pantheon dwindled down until it was just him (imo sounds like a mixture of Proto-Indo-European stuff and zoroastrianism) Basically, what I'm sayin is, God is also Zeus and/or Thor ^~^
@cathjj840 2 жыл бұрын
@@baronzad2056 You've been over at Survive the Jive?
@AuratisArts 2 жыл бұрын
Absolutely brilliant video like always. I'm very happy you brought up, towards the end, how modern historians project onto history 'causes' and effects. To sya it is intentional or not does not matter, but like you said it teaches us as much about 'now' as it does 'then.' Keep the videos coming!:)
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much indeed.
@eacalvert 2 жыл бұрын
I agree it was a very well made point that I hadn't thought about before, which makes the study of history even more fascinating in my mind.
@gideonAschwanden 2 жыл бұрын
@@DanDavisHistory You made posed a question to the audience a couple of days earlier about the cause of the decline and migration of the eastern step people. What was the outcome? If memory serves me well ‘Climate change’ was leading in the pole when I clicked.
@VegasUte 2 жыл бұрын
A joke that has a kernel of truth, bare with me: A man, a proud alumnus of a University returns to his Alma Mater for function with his daughter who is now a Freshman at the same school. At the function he sees his old History Professor and engages him in conversation: "Dr X so glad to see you, you know my daughter just took you FR survey History class and she showed me her Final... I must admit I was a bit shocked to see that 25 yrs later the questions are EXACTLY the same as the ones you used when I took the course all those years ago." The Professor replied with a wry smile, "Yes, that is true, but the answers have all changed." (rimshot)...
@simonengland6448 Жыл бұрын
@VegasUte this story does the rounds from time to time. The first time I heard it it was a story explaining Einstein's apparent laziness when he came to England. Edit: pardon, that wasn't meant as a criticism. It's a good story.
@brentanderson1130 2 жыл бұрын
Really great vid, good job 👍 Going to watch the rest of ur vids now
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@amymonroe9328 2 жыл бұрын
Well hello history! I've been looking for you. I am so glad you are doing this! Thank yoy
@NeuroEverything 2 жыл бұрын
As a fellow KZfaqr, I just wanted to say.. WELL DONE ON FITTING IN SO MANY CTAs 👏🏽 👏🏽 👏🏽
@smolbirb2 2 жыл бұрын
This is a really educational and intriguing video. I love your voice too, very calm and keeps my attention.
@seanwhelan879 2 жыл бұрын
Lovely Dan just sitting down to my tea and enjoy one of my favourite channels. Thanks for the work. 🇮🇪
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Nice one, cheers Sean.
@jochenschmittmann9192 2 жыл бұрын
This channel is great - well balanced and informative. Thank you. Wishing you many more subscribers.
@jamessnee7171 2 жыл бұрын
I just learned so much from this one little video. I have believed that making education also entertaining is the essence of teaching. Excellent job.
@paul6925 2 жыл бұрын
“Liquefying” people is a good and horrifying way to describe it 😱
@eacalvert 2 жыл бұрын
Based on what I've read about it before in school (which was like a million years ago) that's a pretty accurate description 🤢
@paul6925 2 жыл бұрын
@@eacalvert Being morbid, I've watched a lot of plague documentaries and I agree! 😱
@mikitz 2 жыл бұрын
Radiation poisoning does pretty much the same thing, but it sounds cooler and usually lasts longer.
@paul6925 2 жыл бұрын
@@mikitz I guess when all your cells are dying your turning into goo 😫
@rachel_Cochran Жыл бұрын
Not sure how I missed this a year ago but it was a treat to get to watch it just now ♡ This one tied so many of your other videos together, it was kind of crazy As always, keep up the good work
@davebowman9000 Жыл бұрын
Wonderful video! Will definitely check out your books!
@falafel7560 2 жыл бұрын
As Ukrainians we spend so many years learning the history of Tripillya bc up until this day so many people keep on finding things in their backyards or when building houses, yet we were never taught anything about the first plague happening in that time, so bezare to revisit this topic now as an adult. What I can say about the culture is that although cities lasted for some time the land indeed ran out of recourses so they moved quite often and left stuff behind all the time, not to mention the rotting “haty” since so much of Ukraine’s land has torf in it that causes fires and rots houses so they kept moving. Also to this day so many people live in haty of clay
@duhni4551 2 жыл бұрын
The stone age plague is quite resent discovery, so i don't wonder so much why you don't hear about it in schools yet.
@HistoryBro 2 жыл бұрын
Nice one matey
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Cheers bro!
@lisaharmon5619 2 жыл бұрын
This popped up on my news feed. Fascinating! Liked and subscribed!
@gokhanunsal542 2 жыл бұрын
An intriguing idea and subject. Well done man.
@rugosetexture2716 2 жыл бұрын
Fascinating stuff. You really excel at what you do. Thank you.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you, I appreciate it.
@bencopeland3560 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the excellent content.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for watching and commenting Ben.
@60079regulatorylaw 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for Sharing.You also have a nice voice and delivery. Im intetested in learning about this sort of History,so its great to listen to you. Thank you.
@laurelsilberman5705 2 жыл бұрын
I hit subscribe like two minutes in bro ✨👌🏽🔥 the quality of your source imagery and your data vasialization, ahhh!!! Where has your channel been all my life?! I’m off to go binge and like your entire content library😍✨
@olinayoung6287 2 жыл бұрын
Fabulous video, you really take your content & storytelling to the next level, really excellent 🌟🌟🌟!!’
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much Olina.
@KirstenBayes 2 жыл бұрын
Although steptomycin can knock the mortality rate down to 10 percent or so, it is fearsome even today: imagine historical times when nobody knew the cause or how to treat it.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
It must have been terrifying and confusing. That said, I expect they did have explanations that satisfied them to some extent. They would have understand that this was the work of a powerful god and/or was cosmic punishment for their society not living properly or something else quite specific.
@KirstenBayes 2 жыл бұрын
@@DanDavisHistory I do like how science is revealing details of their lives and communities. We may not know the stories they told about themselves, but we can understand, remember and honour what they went through. Just like this!
@guydesnoyers8417 2 жыл бұрын
How have I not found this channel earlier? Great stuff,
@diegomirabent 2 жыл бұрын
This is excellent content Dan. I really hope your channel takes off because you deserve it. Keep up the good work and you'll be at 100k in no time!
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much, I appreciate it. Let's hope so!
@19angela71 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, Yersinia pestis is a driving force behind our history. Great video!
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you!
@19angela71 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you from a microbiologist. Thank you for bringing up the awareness about defying moments in history. We are living through another turning point in history. People should be aware that the world we used to live in doesn’t exists. And either a tiny bacterium or a tiny virus changed our perception of the world many times. And it is happening again.
@kenyonmoon3272 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you, excellent as always, and sorry for giving you shit in your poll earlier. I would very much lean toward a very slight increase in the average low temperature in the region as a way to increase human movement and productivity, as well as increased survival of Y pestis. A slight shift of a single variable is like the proverbial lost horsehoe nail that felled a kingdom, wide ranging consequences can cascade from small changes applied in the right time and place.
@hiddenwoodsben 2 жыл бұрын
aight good sir, just got yourself a new reader. something in the bronzeage-setting is exactly what i needed.
@felixjaeger1635 2 жыл бұрын
What a gem of a channel! I'll check out your books, Sir
@mayday6916 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for a very interesting video! The burning of the neolithic houses interests me. I studied archaeology some years ago (I live in Sweden) and visited the site where one of these burned villages had been. I don't remember how many years our mentor said there were between burnings, but I seem to remember that it was perhaps every ten to twenty years. The theory then was that the house was burned partly to get rid of vermin and partly for agricultural reasons. (Getting rid of disease is a good idea, but did they really understand how disease spread and that it was a good thing to burn the house?) The new house was then built a few meters away from the burned area, and the burned ground became the new field where seeds were planted. The potassium in the ashes made the earth more nutritious for the plants. Excavation at the site had shown a pattern of the house being rebuilt again and again in a circle. This was in the south of Sweden, in Småland.
@ck2994 2 жыл бұрын
Alot of ancient settlements look like they were abandoned because of disease.
@Sweetlyfe 2 жыл бұрын
Just found your channel and subbed. Great video thanks.
@chadb1675 Жыл бұрын
I found you through John and wow. Your storytelling is wonderful. 🙏🏼
@YanickaQuilt 2 жыл бұрын
I have to admit that I rather learn about history than "living" in historic times 😉 wonderfully done, subscribed without hesitation
@markt7291 2 жыл бұрын
Interesting and thanks for not interjecting current thinking into history as many do. History is best described from the writings or knowledge from the actual time when it was happening by those who lived in it. The rest is a half educated guess. Well done !!
@FallicIdol 2 жыл бұрын
Just found your channel tonight and am instantly hooked.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Wonderful. Welcome to the channel.
@urnosey23 Жыл бұрын
👍thanks so much for these great videos 😊
@miketacos9034 2 жыл бұрын
I never knew how much we could estimate about the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age. It’s like falling in love with history all over again!
@Ulfhednir9 2 жыл бұрын
Great video :) thank you. My personal take away of the decline is as you stated, multiple causes. The drop in the male population to me is a sign of warfare and often after warring in distant countries, diseases often spreads.
@YamiKisara Жыл бұрын
Some deseases are gender specific or more dangerous to one gender than the other, and other times it's an ailment caused during hunting (such as poisoned water drank on the go), so it doesn't always have to be warfare.
@Ulfhednir9 Жыл бұрын
@@YamiKisara true males typically die faster for many reasons but historically rapid drops in male is typically due to warfare
@N7niko 2 жыл бұрын
Very informative. Glad I decided to check the video.
@bettygreenhansen 2 жыл бұрын
Liked and subscribed! Thank you very much.
@pasquinomarforio 2 жыл бұрын
Well done !!!
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@stevensiferd7104 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for saying that our interpretations of cause and effect often say as much about us and the times we live in as it does about past peoples. I've noticed that, even when trying to explain modern occurrences, psychologists, sociologists, criminologists, et cetera will allow their own prejudices and obsessions to color their interpretations of what happened. The truth is, most events are caused by a combination of many forces, not just one.
@aquastar4336 2 жыл бұрын
Liked and subbed!!! Great content!!
@Oliveria663 2 жыл бұрын
Well this channel was hiding from me. I'll be marathoning it. Hope your videos keep coming
@jackalister1662 2 жыл бұрын
Glad I found your videos. I’ve always had a strong interest in history of all types, and these videos fill in some of the gaps from books I’ve read over the past 50 years. Thank you!
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Wonderful, thank you.
@Boric78 2 жыл бұрын
Awesome video. I think it was the same in the 6th century UK - the plague of Justinian killed off so many of the locals that the incomers were essentially moving into almost deserted lands. Thats why we have very little evidence of conflict. Might also explain why they eventuaaly only met resistance in the less populated western lands - hence the Arthur legends etc
@kclark3188 2 жыл бұрын
What a fantastic channel and topics. So glad I found it. I've been binge watching. Going to get some of your books.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks, welcome to the channel, glad you're enjoying the videos. I hope you like the books too.
@BrezHurley 2 жыл бұрын
Impressive. Thanks for the content
@Amy_the_Lizard 2 жыл бұрын
Just wanted to mention, some pneumonic plague strains can actually kill you in as little as 24 hours in the right conditions (such as being stressed, elderly, or a child.) Usually it takes closer to three days though, as the video said.
@bc7138 2 жыл бұрын
Interesting video, thanks for posting. If plague really did wipe out the Neolithic population (which as you state could be one factor among many, and an unlikely one) then the situation in Neolithic Europe would've been similar to the one in Mesoamerica in the 16th century. It seems that diseases brought by the Spanish had travelled ahead of them, so that when the Conquistadors arrived in certain areas the population had already been decimated or completely wiped out by disease.
@originaluddite 2 жыл бұрын
I like how you acknowledge complexity and the breadth of interpretation that allows.
@CJ-111 Жыл бұрын
Nice in depth video
@dbmail545 2 жыл бұрын
It has been suggested that the replacement of the black rat (rattus rattus) which harbored the flea species that carry Yesinia Pestis by the larger and more aggressive brown rat (rattus norvicus) that harbors different flea species that don't carry the plague pathogen had some effect on the reduction of the plague in Europe.
@robertmcgovern8850 2 жыл бұрын
Possible. But the hard DNA mutational anzlysis points to an attenuation of the yrsenia pestis bacterium itself -- that is, it became less contageous and/or less lethal over the centuries. Which sounds an unlikely strategy! But diseases that are too virulent cancel themselves out (see: early ebola). Add to that selective resistance in populations, plus cultural mitigation measures. Most fatal pandemics follow a similar growth curve. Syphilis, smallpox, typhoid....
@dbmail545 2 жыл бұрын
@@robertmcgovern8850 this is so, but remember. Yersinia has an animal species that it is endemic to (several in fact) and as such most of the evolutionary pressure is for it to be most easily passed on and less virulent for THAT species, not humans.
@christophercripps7639 2 жыл бұрын
Y. Pestis, an old "companion" of humanity. I always marvel how sone scholars want to promote THE (1 & only) CAUSE of such&such event. In reality, many airline crashes are often the end result of a chain of causalities each of which in of itself lead to the crash but together do. Likewise, the Bronze Age or neolithic collapse likewise are the result of cumulative effects of events each if which alone would not have lead to collapse. Over population + drought (or other climatic variation) + Y Pestis were too much.
@emsnewssupkis6453 2 жыл бұрын
Every major plague cycle coincided with the beginning of a COLD cycle in the climate.
@sephikong8323 2 жыл бұрын
@@emsnewssupkis6453 Not 100% but it's a good approximation yes. A reasonable correlation between those is that this drop in temperature (generally a sudden one like after a terrific volcanic eruption) leads to widespread crop failures that lead to famines and from there on the immune system is weakened and the small pests that normally survive off of humans are bundled together more closely and come closer to humans to search for food and well ...... you have a recipe for disaster. Not all pandemics start like that, but for the deadliest ones it seems to be a pretty recurring pattern (best example of that is the Justinian plague)
@emsnewssupkis6453 2 жыл бұрын
@@sephikong8323 Volcanic eruptions cause short cold cycles but the 300 year long weather cycles are quite real and cold 300 year cycles are notorious for causing massive disease events, this culls the human population which grew greatly during the preceding warm cycles.
@sephikong8323 2 жыл бұрын
@@emsnewssupkis6453 I know this, I am mostly talking about the sudden and extremely deadly but relatively short lived pandemics like we saw in the fifth and fourteenth century, those come extremely suddenly and disappear in a few years (though the Plague had some ripples throughout the Little Ice Age yes, bit it was nothing like the original one, these outbreaks were all limited in size and can't really be compared to the explosive outbreaks like the aforementioned ones which only seem to happen during very particular and sudden circumstances like a very big Volcqnic eruption that lowers the global temperatures for a few years)
@senchamacrae50 2 жыл бұрын
@@emsnewssupkis6453 I wonder how the combination of cold, the resultant poor harvests and malnutrition wouldn't have set the stage for plague. In addition I wonder if the dead bodies left by warfare would also been an influence, i.e after the Mongol invasion in the 12th-13th centuries? It does seem as though the herding cultures spend thousands of years in close proximity to their animals without getting sick, building a natural immunity?
@Marslion1969 2 жыл бұрын
Enjoyed this one also! Thank you for sharing!...:-)
@carlwilliamsaxton2146 2 жыл бұрын
Sweet, fascinating videos. Your story telling is captivating and so, I'm binge watching . Thank you
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much.
@maceain 2 жыл бұрын
You do good work. And, at a higher level than 'academic' historians. Good post.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much. I have to say, I'm just reiterating the hard work of actual academics.
@maceain 2 жыл бұрын
@@DanDavisHistory understand... still, your work is excellent. I am in the biz myself (writing and DNA work), and I tip my hat to you.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
And I appreciate it enormously.
@xen4886 2 жыл бұрын
The most mysterious periods of time, that I've only recently heard of, and you write novels based in them with your knowledge of the workings of these cultures. Sounds at least as interesting as Fatherland, and I will give it a look. Great Video, and thank you.
@MikeS29 2 жыл бұрын
Great video, just subscribed.
@davidrossi1486 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for this. Absolutely fascinating.
@lexprontera8325 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for saying "bacterium" when it's singular, and not "bacteria", which is plural. I want you to know it didn't go unnoticed and is much appreciated : )
@duhni4551 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for bringing this up, as i didn't know this before. So cheers =)
@pierredecine1936 2 жыл бұрын
Always surprised to find a Video Maker who has an IQ over 20 lately ... subbed > I would like to see more about = Rickettsia prowazekii, as the vaccine almost killed me at 5 - I had a temp of 105.6 ...F
@harriettemacy7399 2 жыл бұрын
Wow, Thank you algorithm! Delighted new subscriber here.🌠
@osalicsomonic6069 2 жыл бұрын
Your "cause & effect" insight is brilliant
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@cincominutosdehistoria5290 2 жыл бұрын
Loved the video. Thanks for pointing out that reality is complex and causes tend to be multiple. Like maybe it was not even a single plague, maybe the steppe herders had also zoonotic illnesses gotten from horses that EEF had no defense against. May I interest you in the Iberian Neolithic-Chalcolithic? Los Millares, probably the first western european civilization, demands your love! Or the amazing Neolithic boats of Laja Alta. Or the burning question that Archeogenetics has gifted spanish scholars: In 2019 it was discovered that the iberians, speakers of a non indoeuropean language, had in fact steppe ancestry. Most of their male lineages had that origin. Their culture was also pretty horse-centric. So... How did that happen?.
@casparcoaster1936 2 жыл бұрын
Burning does more for rodent and insect control than plague control
@alexanderweinrich7418 2 жыл бұрын
Wow the quality of your videos is amazing! I’ll have to check out your book. I hope your channel grows in the future, keep it up
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much, I appreciate it.
@stop.juststop 2 жыл бұрын
This was incredibly interesting. Thank you.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Glad you enjoyed it!
@TheWitchInTheWoods 2 жыл бұрын
You would think that we might have considered massive cities as a bit of a liability then, but we just keep building them.
@paul6925 2 жыл бұрын
In Canada I’m watching my favourite province burn and thinking humans should have stayed hunter gatherers 😫
@TarebossT 2 жыл бұрын
Because of overpopulation... Where would you stack this massive piles of amphibian shit?
@gregbors8364 2 жыл бұрын
@@paul6925 Ted Kaczynski’s manifesto is underrated
@paul6925 2 жыл бұрын
@@gregbors8364 Personally I've never read it but he wouldn't be the first nutjob to travel to the future to steal my brilliant thoughts!
@Patriotgal1 2 жыл бұрын
@@gregbors8364 Uncle Ted was 100% right. I do not condone his methods, but I do sympathize.
@Kellystella97 2 жыл бұрын
History repeats itself and sometimes humans make it themselves repeat
@thefisherking78 2 жыл бұрын
Love your work man! Can't wait for Thunderer and will probably start the vamp series soon too.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you Jeffrey, I appreciate it.
@tonnywildweasel8138 2 жыл бұрын
Glad i discovered this channel! Learn a LOT from it! Greets, T.
@DanDavisHistory 2 жыл бұрын
I'm glad too, thanks.
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