Great Russian literature is difficult to translate | Sean Kelly and Lex Fridman

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Lex Clips

2 жыл бұрын

Lex Fridman Podcast full episode: • Sean Kelly: Existentia...
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Sean Kelly is a philosopher at Harvard specializing in existentialism and the philosophy of mind.
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Пікірлер: 94
@AncientMysteriesAndInnovations
@AncientMysteriesAndInnovations 2 жыл бұрын
As a bilingual human being also, I, too think it is noble to translate for others
@aeiouaeiou100
@aeiouaeiou100 2 жыл бұрын
This always frustrates me about something like the Bible. You can just tell by reading the English translation that so much is lost with its sentences that just do not flow naturally at all.
@yCherkashin
@yCherkashin 2 жыл бұрын
As someone that studied the culture and reads biblical hebrew I can attest that king james is far removed from it. English does not think of language the way hebrews did. And then there's gnostics and roman politics that shaped the collection of stories that make up the bible, at the very least. Those stories did not all originate in hebrew culture, which is itself borrowing stories that have been mistranslated from prior and contemporary cultures. It all reads like a giant mess, because it is that. No mystery in god's ways. Tribalism, obfuscation, borrowing, omission, long dead politics. As an example, the torah texts have a kind of self-checking mathematical hash running in them. They make sense narratively, but also gemmatrically. That got lost. Both ways.
@yousef3375
@yousef3375 2 жыл бұрын
same with the Quran. It has rhyme into it that's so beautiful nothing in Arabic poetry comes close to it. In English you don't get any of that
@yuliasergeevna2310
@yuliasergeevna2310 2 жыл бұрын
@@yousef3375 what's the point if it rhymes, it doesn't make hateful nonsense any better
@yousef3375
@yousef3375 2 жыл бұрын
@@yuliasergeevna2310 nothing hateful about it. And it does matter if it rhymes because we have nothing to compare it to no Arabic works is like it some words used are not even in the Arabic language and became after. Its a genius work that till this day nobody has produced like it.
@yuliasergeevna2310
@yuliasergeevna2310 2 жыл бұрын
@@yousef3375 it is hateful because it is full of hate, always talking about how allah hates disbelievers and how he will torture them by putting an iron chain into their anus and taking it out of their mouth (69:32). and it's full of this, even if such thing rhymes, it doesn't make it good. Any other book is better than quran
@ivanrohal7489
@ivanrohal7489 2 жыл бұрын
Even the best translation from russian to english is simplified version of the original. Nothing can ever be done about it.
@ivanrohal7489
@ivanrohal7489 2 жыл бұрын
@@Istanislav1 Практически ничего ...
@yCherkashin
@yCherkashin 2 жыл бұрын
Having read some 1860-1920 russian novels I have to say, one has to work hard for it. Even if you grew up with the language, even if your family is all academic and stuff. You just don't know what they were thinking and what they were riffing on. Milton and Shakespeare are probably in the list of things they understood better than we do them right now. Салют.
@thinkerly1
@thinkerly1 2 жыл бұрын
[I am guessing that you are not a native English speaker, and that perhaps you are a speaker of Russian, because you did not use the indefinite article "a" in front of the word "simplified".] No, the issue is not "simplification". The issue is that structural qualities of the Russian language, especially of Russian poetry, are impossible to translate into English. To take the most famous example, Pushkin's Evgeny Onegin, that novel-in-poetry is based upon a stanza, invented by Pushkin, of alternating lines ending with masculine and feminine words. There is no word- gender in English, so it is impossible to convey the affects of the gender-changes and the affects of the gender-based sound differences. Another untranslatable aspect is that Russian is an "agglutinative", "synthetic" language and English is "analytic". In Russian, many words are modifiable by changing the prefixes and suffixes in ways that would require additional words in English. Again, this makes poetry translation between the two languages impossible. Vladimir Nabokov made this point regarding the un-translate-ability of the craft of poetry when he did his own translation of Onegin purely as a literal, semantic translation, foregoing the attempt to reproduce the art of poetry in Pushkin's Russian including cadence, inflection, assonance, and rhyming, Nabokov's translation created a sensation, a firestorm in the world of Russian-English translators, because so many people wanted to maintain the fantasy that Russian poetry, and especially Onegin, could be translated, in some meaningful way for retaining its artistry, into English.
@ivanrohal7489
@ivanrohal7489 2 жыл бұрын
@@thinkerly1 I agree almost 100% with you and actually everybody has to becouse it is so objectively. I am always surprised how well Shakespeare translates into Slavic languages including rhytming and rhyming (and of course a little bit of “magic” is lost anyway but only a little). Of course it is not a translation in pure sence of the word meaning. Translation of poetry is always “translation” it actually is re-creation of the work. The most evident example of this (for me so far) is Clockwork orange “””translation””” into Czech. It is basically very different book than the original (and it is nor even poetry). For your information my father side 100% Russian my mother family side Grandfather - Polish, Gradmother Slovak/American. I was born and raised in Czechoslovakia we spoke Slovak, Polish, Russian and Czech at home. I have university degree in business Russian and English. For me if you speak Slovak, Czech, Russian or Polish is like if you spoke the same language (which in certain way it is). Btw russian, czech, slovak and polish are at least as good analytically as english. I do not want to sound that I look from above at english which I love and use on everyday basis and I even write poetry in it I just experienced so many times the situations where I could not explain to Brits that what they want me to translate can not be done without the partial loss of the meaning. Taking aside that my english is not perfect.
@yCherkashin
@yCherkashin 2 жыл бұрын
@@thinkerly1 You're right on all accounts. (The article is dropped for newspaper titles and the like, not so?) Russian is a very rich language. I'm not opposing the richness and beauties of cultures. The untranslatable aspect I do oppose. I've done some translations, back in the day. It is not correct to say that there isn't a tool, or an invention that could be used to put things across. The fact is though, that the further your invention is from the common vernacular the less likely your readership will be to follow along with it. That I will give you. But there isn't such a thing as untranslatable poetry. Anything one man came up with can be understood by another, given sufficient effort; and put into any language, given sufficient command of it and some inventiveness. That is my experience and I sand by it. Unless the translator is missing some point in the author's creation, due to whatever, unless information is literally lost on them it won't be lost in translation given enough care.
@brianphilippoi349
@brianphilippoi349 2 жыл бұрын
More than just doing a Diff analysis of the popular translations in English, a Diff analysis plus your own background in Russian explaining where you think the translators' thought processes relate to your own reading of the original text. It could be that's what you have in mind, but I missed it in your musing about the project. I'd be happy to read when you're ready. It sounds amazing!
@Bo0o0oppp
@Bo0o0oppp 2 жыл бұрын
I love that he LOVES and appreciates your questions❣️
@bkhkh7285
@bkhkh7285 Ай бұрын
Once upon a time i took two version of Crime and Punishment, English and Russian. I was so suprised that English version was a such a bleak shadow of original Russian book. Dostoevskiy had used old fashioned russian words and a huge number of objectives so the English even have no alternatives. I think the same with original English books, there are no Russian words to translate it.
@morfeicheg
@morfeicheg Ай бұрын
The Russian language has about 10 times more words than English. I think that says a lot.
@emperorprotects4915
@emperorprotects4915 Ай бұрын
​@@morfeichegчел, не позорься....
@agcouper
@agcouper Ай бұрын
@@morfeichegThis is false. Actually, English vocabulary has more words than Russian. The power of Russian language comes from its structure, not number of words.
@elel2608
@elel2608 2 ай бұрын
Simple solution. Start reading Dostoevsky in Russian. That’s what I did lol. Doing that also with Nietzsche in German.
@fernandomatielobueno8716
@fernandomatielobueno8716 2 жыл бұрын
Great conversation
@spookmineer
@spookmineer Жыл бұрын
There have been some sci-fi novels and books based on the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, which comes down to: "the structure of a language influences its speakers' worldview or cognition, and thus people's perceptions are relative to their spoken language". "The languages of Pao" by Jack Vance is a great read, in which different languages are introduced and they result in different cultures. The different languages are used to shape the mindset of the people using them. In his book, Vance ended up with scientists, makers and warriors, crude and distinctive, but in real life the differences would be much more nuanced. I'd have to say, from sparse moments I see Russian people being interviewed (and translated), the "people in the street" seem much more versed in expressing themselves. Even after translation, they sound more poetic than the people in my street - they are more direct and to the point. There is something to be said for both of them, but there clearly is a difference.
@user-zn3vq4oe3n
@user-zn3vq4oe3n 4 ай бұрын
I'm inclined to think culture influences language more than the other way around. I thought "Languages Of Pao" was a good read, but I disagree with its premise.
@TimothyFarrell-uo3zi
@TimothyFarrell-uo3zi Жыл бұрын
Hi Lex, if you ever get to create any film or literature on language, please let us know!
@elena_vogni
@elena_vogni Ай бұрын
Привет. Я русскоговорящая. Читала у Достоевского разные произведения. Не понимаю, как его можно читать в переводе. Хотя я сама читала его в, можно сказать, адаптации, ведь тексты написаны на дореволюционном русском. А я читала вариант, переделанный под современный алфавит. Скорее всего, даже я не все поняла, как задумывалось. Мне всегда было интересно, почему на Западе так высоко отзываются о Достоевском, Толстом и Гоголе. И как западный человек (представитель западной культуры) сможет, читая в переводе, уловить очарование классической русской литературы.
@ethangallup565
@ethangallup565 2 жыл бұрын
This guy is so good at explaining
@stephen5174
@stephen5174 11 ай бұрын
I’ve basically just decided to read books only written in English or other languages that I know as opposed to translated versions. I learned a second language decently well and I now realize how much is lost.
@markmcflounder15
@markmcflounder15 5 ай бұрын
Reading Dostoyevki I could tell in places something was lacking & awkward at times. Solzhenitsyn's translation of In the First Circle was decent was also wanting. I've heard it's so more sophisticated in Russian even for 21st century Russians: with allusions to Russian lit. Georgian expressions by Stalin & expressions used by Zeks.
@pattube
@pattube 3 ай бұрын
American literature: I will die for freedom! Arabian literature: I will die for the tribe! British literature: I will die for duty! Canadian literature: I will die for the prairie! Chinese literature: I will die for knowledge! French literature: I will die for love! German literature: I will die for greatness! Italian literature: I will die for life! Russian literature: I will die.
@ashkiler
@ashkiler 3 ай бұрын
It seems your appreciation of world literature is based on Cliff notes books.
@pattube
@pattube 3 ай бұрын
@@ashkiler It seems you have a tin ear for humor (even or perhaps especially if it's humor that you deem subpar or otherwise dislike)! 😬
@ashkiler
@ashkiler 3 ай бұрын
@@pattube It seems the only person who thinks you're funny is you.
@pattube
@pattube 3 ай бұрын
@@ashkiler It seems like you're just grumpy and cantankerous oldie who could learn not to take things so seriously every once in a while. 🙃
@pattube
@pattube 3 ай бұрын
@@ashkiler It seems like you could learn to take things a bit more lightly rather than be such a grouch. 🙃
@decreasethyself1212
@decreasethyself1212 Жыл бұрын
What about Richard Pivears translation of Demons?
@lauratanner8475
@lauratanner8475 2 жыл бұрын
I absolutely love notes from Underground translated by Constance Garner. But I have heard that you are hearing Garner and not Doestoyevsky.
@veronikavart9651
@veronikavart9651 Жыл бұрын
спасибо за видео.
@martin128
@martin128 Жыл бұрын
I like history and I went into christianity recently and specially translations of bibles. It's always so good to read the same line translated so many ways.
@Doc_mccoy
@Doc_mccoy 2 жыл бұрын
Fascinating
@mikedevlin2048
@mikedevlin2048 5 ай бұрын
One of the challenges reading literature is that the classics were written in a different era… the language we speak, read and write today are quite different to that of the author… and translating one language to another compounds the difficulty. I am a native British English speaker and have been fortunate to of travelled extensively in Spanish speaking countries, and leant enough to get by s]day to day. Twenty five years ago I moved to Denmark and learnt Danish, at first by attending language school five days a week for eight months and of course through everyday life ever since… I have tried many times to discuss literature with people that have only been able to read translated versions and found that it is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to achieve the exact “feeling” or emotional connection through even the very best translations… let alone one done many decades ago
@farcraf
@farcraf Ай бұрын
When translating from Russian into English via Google, it always seems to me that the English language lacks a variety of words. Sometimes it's hard to get the point across accurately.
@RalphBrooker-gn9iv
@RalphBrooker-gn9iv 28 күн бұрын
French and English are sufficiently similar natural languages. I’m English. Not quite bilingual (I think you have to have been exposed to the second language very early) but I’ve read À la recherche du temps perdu. My background is philosophy and AI/cognitive science. I found Bernanos (eg. Le Journal d’un curé de campagne) much harder than Proust. Many find that counterintuitive. Proust tended to avoid vernacular idioms. Bernanos is replete with slang phrase. I love Russian litt. From Gogol through Platonov to Yuz Aleshkovsky. From Turgenev through Dostoyevsky to Evgeny Vodolazkine. Solzhenitsyn to Grossman and Shalamov. I feel a deeper connect to Russian literature, especially dissident, through knowledge of history. I tried, as an exercise to translate from French Bernanos to English. It proved ambitious to say the least. The philosopher in me doubts that the loss of bilingualism outweighs an earnest translation. Constance Garnet and Charles Kenneth Scott Moncrieff have, until recently and respectively, monopolised Dostoyevsky and Proust. I welcome new translations ( eg. DavidMcDuff’s Dostoyevsky) But understanding, say, Ivan’s parable of the 2nd coming in Seville is less a function of translational excellence as knowledge of context. As for the difficulties of the scriptures. We are entitled to defer to specialists; eg. John Barton, A History of the Bible: the book and its faiths). We should, as philosophers as diverse as Wittgenstein and Donald Davidson have warned, beware of conceptual incommensurability.
@Shubham8839
@Shubham8839 2 жыл бұрын
7:34
@notforwhat_sodane
@notforwhat_sodane 4 ай бұрын
The difference between translation and interperetation can often be incredbly immense.
@HigherPlanes
@HigherPlanes 2 жыл бұрын
This a fairly long quote from Terence McKenna. I think it's worth posting because he had some great insights into language: Information is lose on planet three. Something unusual is going on here. The world is not made of quarks, electromagnetic wave packets, or the thoughts of God. The world is made of language. Language is replicating itself in DNA, which, at the evolutionary apex, is creating societies of civilized beings that posses language and machines that use languages. Earth is a place where language has literally become alive. Language has infested matter; it is replicating and defining and building itself. And it is in us. My voice speaking is a monkey's mouth making little mouth noises that are carrying agreed-upon meaning, and it is meaning that matters. Without the meaning one has only little mouth noises. Meaning is a crude form of telepathy- as you listen to my voice, my thoughts become your thoughts and we compare them. This is communication, understanding, Reality is a domain of codes, and that is why the UFO problem is like a grammatical problem- like a dangling participle in the fourth-dimensional language that makes reality. It eludes simple approaches because its nature is somehow embedded in the machinery of epistemic knowing itself. -TM, Archaic Revival
@donothingclub99
@donothingclub99 Жыл бұрын
Охуенно, спасибо!
@HigherPlanes
@HigherPlanes Жыл бұрын
@@donothingclub99 пожалуйста
@Aypher
@Aypher 5 ай бұрын
I don’t really understand how language is replicating DNA, and I heavily disagree with language being able to convey thoughts in a form of telepathy. A conversation with anybody will show that you cannot convey many thoughts through language, language is very archaic and simple.
@HigherPlanes
@HigherPlanes 5 ай бұрын
@@AypherDo you really believe that? McKenna always said the world is made of language. That's actually a biblical concept, even though McKenna wasn't religious. I'll give you a few facts about about language you probably don't know...BTW humans are the only beings on the planet with language. If it was simple and archaic all the creatures would speak. Now, do you realize that everything that is a thing was a word before it was a thing? The things that you make in your life you make them because of the things that you tell yourself. Words matter, not only do words matter but words ARE matter. This is an aside but it's fascinating. In Hebrew, the word things doesn't just mean things as in material things, it also means matter. As in the universe is made of matter. But it also means to speak. So to speak and things in Hebrew is the same word. "In the beginning was the word, and the word was with God, and the Word was God. When God created everything he spoke it into existence, and since we are made in his image, we can also create things with our words. No other species on the planet can do that. Give yourself a little more credit.
@AdamMiracle613
@AdamMiracle613 4 ай бұрын
Do you know what is Tolstoy literally means?
@_b_x_b_1063
@_b_x_b_1063 4 ай бұрын
Fat men
@internetenjoyer1044
@internetenjoyer1044 Жыл бұрын
is great english literature easy to translate?
@arma5166
@arma5166 Жыл бұрын
well it should highly depend on which language you're translating into. typically if the languages share a heritage and have close ties, things shouldn't be much difficult
@user-rm5xd4il6c
@user-rm5xd4il6c 9 ай бұрын
I think English is easily translated into Russian, but Russian into English is difficult to translate.
@Daokl
@Daokl Ай бұрын
​@@user-rm5xd4il6cit's not easy. Plenty of really awful translations, quite easy to carry english word order in russian, which would be correct from rules of language, but would sound wrong and meaning would also be lost. And ofc words don't mean same things in other languages and phrases often carry more meaning than words on their own. Hard to catch it, even harder to convey correct meaning. There's more complexity in russian in some places and a lot less in others - so translator have to generate complexity and simplify, often simultaneously. Not an easy task, given that most people are not ready that good even in their native language.
@VAArtemchuk
@VAArtemchuk Ай бұрын
@@Daokl prevalence of awful translations has nothing to do with the difficulty of the task and everything with the backwards, insane tradition of Russian academic translators. Ego driven idiots loved to impose their own "sacred knowledge" upon the translated, using the fact that very few people spoke English or had access to books in English in the Soviet era. What's even worse, despite the fact that the times have changed, a lot of traditional translated terms remain in the culture, stuck with us. Like dwarfs being for some idiotic reason translated as gnomes, despite the fact that those are absolutely different being in the folklore, are still causing clashes among Russian speaking fantasy fans. Or names being translated. It's one thing to leave an asterisk with the translator's explanation of the original wordplay, but reading about Frodo Sumkins (sumka = bag)... They were like amateurish fan translators of today that put their stupid jokes in the text because they believe everybody must share their genius sense of humor, yet simply due to their position on the timeline, they still influence modern translations. PS: honestly, though, the more languages I learn, the more I start to believe that a good translation is a myth. They just don't exist. The only way to truly share the whole written meaning of an original work is to read it in its original form.
@eddybedder2865
@eddybedder2865 5 күн бұрын
James Joyce greatest writer of all time that nobody can understand. Been there done that!!!
@NA-di3yy
@NA-di3yy 6 ай бұрын
Ну да
@easternhealingarts33
@easternhealingarts33 8 ай бұрын
Ubuntu can translate ancient texts for Microsoft occult people
@salcorbit6330
@salcorbit6330 Жыл бұрын
Just stay away from the Pevear translations! They are the least true to the original Russian and. Stick with Garnett, where available.
@mike20ak
@mike20ak Жыл бұрын
Trilingual here
@felixfillin
@felixfillin Жыл бұрын
What languages do you speak?
@adelinaquijano1083
@adelinaquijano1083 Жыл бұрын
hair allergy
@andreykaminskiy2391
@andreykaminskiy2391 Жыл бұрын
As far as I understand, the most famous example of loss in translation is the title of the book "War and Peace", which can also be understood as "War and Society") Cultural diversity is wonderful. But it is often used by bad people with bad goals to divide and instill mistrust, arrogance and hatred. Therefore, when the whole world speaks English and other languages disappear, it will be a better world.
@Iv4Bez
@Iv4Bez Ай бұрын
I'm interested, how does this can be translated as society? I know that "мир" (peace) is also 'world', but I didn't know about society.
@andreykaminskiy2391
@andreykaminskiy2391 Ай бұрын
@@Iv4Bez "на миру и смерть не страшна" типичный пример использования слова мир в начении "общество".
@Iv4Bez
@Iv4Bez Ай бұрын
@@andreykaminskiy2391 ок спс
@Alexandra_Indina
@Alexandra_Indina Ай бұрын
Nowhere on Earth "Mir" translates as SOCIETY! It translates as Peace OR World. Society in russian is Obshchestvo/narod.
@Alexandra_Indina
@Alexandra_Indina Ай бұрын
​@@andreykaminskiy2391в какой Вселенной-то?! Вы буквально не поняли смысла фразы "на миру и смерть красна". Тут вообще ничего про общество нет. Смысл фразы в том, что лучше умереть естественным образом, а не насильственным. Чушь какую-то развели.
@AdamMiracle613
@AdamMiracle613 4 ай бұрын
Do you know what is Tolstoy literally means?
@_b_x_b_1063
@_b_x_b_1063 4 ай бұрын
Fat man
@Alexandra_Indina
@Alexandra_Indina Ай бұрын
His last name sounds SIMILAR to Tolstyj - "Fat", but because there's a difference in one letter, the meaning is completely changed.
@haroshea
@haroshea Ай бұрын
@@Alexandra_Indina the great russian writer Lion Fat 😁
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