Thank you!

My pleasure. Glad you found it helpful 😊🌻

Hi Bubble! You're welcome. Yes, we do. I'll make a video about it! 😊🌻

You're very welcome!

Yes, of course! I'll aim to get it done this weekend

You are a star / legend. Thanks ever SO much!

Hi! To express facts, we use the present/past simple tenses. She must be happy (I'm 99% sure). She is happy (100% - this is a fact). He can't have gone (I'm 99% sure). He didn't go (100% - this is a fact). 😊🌻

Thanks for writing back. How about Future Perfect, which is also used to deduce stuff, as in You'll have heard that etc...? How would you rate that percentage-wise?

@@user-zx4cp6kz4b You're welcome. That's generally used rhetorically, in the same way that we use tag questions. We expect that the person has heard, though we are not 100% sure.

Yes, 'He must've gone...' is correct. No, I woudn't say 'He would have gone' because this indicates that he didn't go. It's one half of a second conditional sentence - He would have gone if he hadn't been unwell.

Yes, that's correct 👌🌻

Thank you! I'm so glad you like the channel. I don't mind at all. I'm from a small town just south of London. I suppose my accent would be considered 'BBC English'. As a child, if I didn't speak clearly, my mum wouldn't respond! 😂

Thanks for your response. I do hope and pray at the same time that we will be able to see more of you in near future. far gesund for now 👋 by the way: do people still use this word in UK to say goodbye?

You don't sound cockney at all. You must've been born miles away from St Mary le Bow's bells church.

@@pussycatlover6522 I had never heard 'far gesund' before, so I asked Google. Apparently it is old English, so not in use these days. We usually say 'bye for now', 'ciao for now', 'see you', or just 'bye'

@@pussycatlover6522 there are a lot of different accents in London and cockney is just one of them. There are also a lot of people with an accent like mine, which I think of as being Southern, rather than specifically London.

Hi! I’m glad it was helpful! That’s correct, ‘can have + V3’ doesn’t exist as a structure. To ‘earn’ money means to obtain it as a result of working, so if you earn money, the money belongs to you. The money you earn is also referred to as your ‘salary’, ‘wages’, ‘pay’. Examples in use: ‘An accountant in the UK typically earns around £30,000 per year.’ ‘How much did he earn last month?’ ‘She didn’t earn her money. She’s rich because she won the lottery!’

Hi Marco, I agree that 'must' is more appropriate in this case. If I had given a lecture and only a small number of people attended, I would be disappointed. Therefore, I think it's reasonable to assume that she must have been very disappointed. Arguably, 'could' also works, because we don't know for sure that she was hoping for a large audience. Maybe she feels anxious about public speaking, in which case she would have been glad to have a smaller audience! Ultimately, although you could argue a case for using 'could', if you were in an exam, 'must' would definitely be the correct answer.

@@EnglishWithEmI'm so grateful!!! I really appreciate your help!

@@marcogaiotto2028 No problem. I'm happy to help! 😊

Hi! ‘He shouldn’t have got married’ is not a modal of deduction. We use past modals of deduction (must have, can’t have, may/might/could have) to make educated guesses about the past. In the case of ‘shouldn’t have’, we know that he got married, so there is no guessing involved. It is used to say that we disagree with a past action. Some examples: I got up late and didn’t have time for breakfast. I should have got up earlier. I failed my exam. I should have studied more. I feel sick. I shouldn’t have eaten so much. Regarding ‘How could you forget my birthday?’ - In this case it is logical that you would ask this question after someone had forgotten your birthday. Therefore ‘could’ is the only correct option.

Hi! I'm fine thanks. How about you? This is an example of unfinished time. The Present Perfect is named that way because there is always a connection with the present. Even if the action is finished, there is some relationship with the present. If you want to refer to finished time, you should use the Past Simple. 'I lived in London for 3 years.' - The action is finished. I don't live in London now. 'I have lived in London for 3 years.' - The action is ongoing. I still live in London now. 'I drank 2 cups of coffee this morning.' - Morning is now finished. It is the afternoon, evening, or night. 'I have drunk 2 cups of coffee this morning.' - It is still morning now.

Hi! They can’t have seen it before - is appropriate because no matter how much it appears that they haven’t seen it, we can’t be 100% certain. You could say ‘They obviously haven’t seen it before’. Using ‘obviously’ shows that you are 100% convinced they haven’t seen it because of their reaction, even though you can’t prove it. I wouldn’t use ‘They would never have seen it before’ because that is used for past unreal conditionals. It doesn’t work in this context because it means that they have seen it. They wouldn’t have seen it if they’d gone out (unreal past), but they didn’t go out, so they did see it (real past). Check out my video on the third conditional for more about this (link in the wish/if only playlist I shared with you). The final point isn’t really related. The appropriate tense is the present perfect because you are asking about an experience in a person’s life at an unspecified time - I hope you have seen it (at some time during your life). I have a video all about this tense: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/mNh6iJek3Jypimw.html and a present perfect playlist: kzfaq.info/sun/PLuC54G6Zw3ejGQ-6trRmQxWrAGT5p_3NI

'It's been 5 years since I started my business.' is correct and it means that now you are running the business (running, not doing). You started the business 5 years ago, and you have been running it since then. We say 'It's been + period of time + since' to indicate that a period of time has passed since an action happened or was started. 'It's been 3 days since I moved to this town' = I moved to this town 3 days ago. 'It's been 2 months since I've seen my brother' = I saw my brother 2 months ago. 'It's been 5 hours since I started this project' = I started this project five hours ago. It isn't correct to say 'It's been 3 days to deliver the parcel.' The verb 'to be' refers to a state, but here you are talking about an action. You could say 'It's been 3 days since the parcel was delivered' = the parcel was delivered 3 days ago. If you want to indicate that a period of time has been necessary in order to complete an action, you can say 'it's taken + period of time + to do'. 'It's taken 3 days to deliver the parcel.' = the action of delivering the parcel has taken 3 days. If you ordered it on Monday, it was not delivered until Thursday. It took 3 days to complete the action. 'It's taken me 2 hours to complete the work.' = the action of completing the work has taken 2 hours. I started the work at 4 o'clock and I didn't finish it until 6 o'clock.

Hi! In this case, I would simply say 'I didn't see him.' You are not making a deduction because you know it is a fact that you didn't see him. If you don't remember, you could say, 'I can't have seen him. If I had seen him, I would have said hello to him.' 🌻

@@EnglishWithEm Thank you a lot!

@@user-tm1lk1ij4r You're welcome 😊🌻

Hi! For a hypothetical situation, use the 2nd conditional. The 1st conditional is used for a real situation. If I say, ‘I’ve finished my homework today’. My friend says, ‘It’s good that you’ve finished it. If you hadn’t finished it, you would face problems tomorrow.’ - this is a mixed conditional. (If clause = 3rd conditional + main clause = 2nd conditional). I have a video which explains this topic: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/jrqVl9Fh0s6rpYk.html ‘I got married to her at the age of 28’. The prepositional phrase ‘at the age of 28’ refers to the subject ‘I’. We don’t know how old she is, but we know the speaker got married at the age of 28.

Hi! I can’t think of a time when we would say ‘I’m back to London’. We would say ‘I’m going back to London’, or ‘I’m heading back to London’, to indicate that we were going to travel to London again. ‘I’m back in London’ means that I am in London now after a period of not being in London. I was in London, then I went somewhere else, then I returned to London and now I’m back in London. Grammatically, the tweet is incorrect. I think what they are probably saying is that they are paying taxes for the last five years. This would happen if the person didn’t pay their taxes for 5 years and then had to pay them all at once. If you said ‘I’ve been paying taxes for the last five years’, this means that you started paying taxes 5 years ago, you have been paying them during that time, and you are still paying them now. This would suggest that the person just started working 5 years ago. 'From 2000 to 2005' is correct. 😁

Hi! Good question! We can use a negative with ‘as long as’: ‘As long as they don’t notice, we won’t tell them.’ I’ll come to the party as long as he doesn’t come.’ It isn’t usual to use a negative with ‘until’, but it is possible: ‘I’ll keep using this dictionary until I don’t need it anymore.’ Regarding ‘would’, it depends on the context. If you were asking a hypothetical question about my willingness to do something in the present, I could answer it with a present meaning: ‘If I asked you this question now, would you answer it?’ ‘No, I wouldn’t answer it.’ In a different context, it would have a past meaning: ‘He asked me a personal question yesterday, but I wouldn’t answer it.’ (I wasn’t willing to answer it).

@@EnglishWithEm Hi mam! Regarding your example ‘He asked me a personal question yesterday,but I wouldn’t answer it.’ In this case did I answer the question or not? Regarding the use of ‘since’ are these following sentences correct? 1- The shop has been open since 9am. 2- I have have finished my homework since morning. 3-They have been married since 2003 Suppose I am at a restaurant and waiter asks me for order and i say ‘I will have…’ ‘I would have…’ in this case what is correct ‘will’ or ‘would’?

@@omprakashmohapatra1940 Hi! Sorry for the delay… I’ve got a lot of work on at the moment! If someone asked me to do something, but I wouldn’t do it, it means that I didn’t do it. ‘The shop has been open since 9am’ and ‘they have been married since 2003’ are both correct. It is typical to say ‘have been + adjective + since’ to indicate that a state has been in progress since a specific past time. This is the case with your 2 correct examples. ‘I have finished my homework since morning’ is incorrect. In this case, you are referring to an action ‘finished my homework’, not a state. To say that an action has been in progress since a specific past time, you need to use the present perfect continuous - I have been working since 9am. If you said ‘I have been finishing my homework since morning’, it would sound a bit strange. Doing your homework may take many hours, but finishing refers to the end of the action and probably wouldn’t take such a long time. If you are giving your order in a restaurant, it is typical to say ‘I will have…’, usually contracted to ‘I’ll have…’. If you say ‘I’d have…’ it would be followed by a conditional. For example, ‘I would have fish, but you don’t have it on the menu’ (so I can’t have it).

@@EnglishWithEm Actually mam i was little worried about the delay because normally you reply within 6-8 hrs.

@@omprakashmohapatra1940 July and August are my busiest months. I work at a university preparing international students to do their master's degrees in English. They have a lot of assessments, so there is a lot of marking to do!

Typically, a closed question would start with the modal verb - Could you have left your phone at home? (yes/no). Might you have studied English if you hadn't studied French? (yes/no). Open questions start with question words - Where could you have left your phone? (I think I must have left it at home). What might you have studied if you hadn't studied French? (I might have studied English).

I can't thank you enough. 😊😊🥰

If you were in a market, you could offer the seller: 'I'll give you 10 euros for it.' or 'Will you take 10 euros for it?' If you were haggling over the price, you would start lower than that on the assumption that the seller would ask for more money and then you would ultimately settle on the price you were prepared to pay. It might go something like this: A: I'll give you 5 euros for it. B: No, I can't sell it for less than 15. A: How about 7? B: I could go as low as 12. A: I'll give you 10. Final offer! B: OK, sold!

Hi! To express willingness in the present tense, use ‘will’. ‘Yes, I will help you.’ ‘No I won’t do that.’ To express willingness in the past tense, use ‘would’. ‘He asked me to help him, but I wouldn’t.’ ‘They wanted me to give them the answer, but I wouldn’t do it.’ For conditional willingness, it depends on whether the condition is real (likely), or unreal (unlikely). For something that is real/possible/likely, use ‘will’. ‘If I cook, will you wash up?’ For something that is unreal/impossible/hypothetical, use ‘would’. ‘If you found a wallet on the street, would you keep it?’. However, the confusion arises because of politeness! If you are talking about willingness in the present, it is often because you are asking someone to do something for you, so you are more polite. The more polite form of ‘will’ is ‘would’, so you might hear someone say ‘If I cook, would you wash up? - this is referring to willingness in the present tense, but in a more polite way!

@@EnglishWithEm Hi mam! Regarding the use of ‘will’ and ‘would’ in your last example, if someone is giving me some money I don’t want to keep it, this is a real situation so i can say ‘why will I keep your money?’ Instead of ‘would’? If i take another example we usually use ‘would’ to say ‘what would i say?’ or ‘I would say.’ For a real condition, can we use ‘will’ instead?

Hi! The money example is tricky. Ultimately, it depends on your intention. If someone is trying to give you money and you ask ‘Why would I keep it?’, you have no intention of keeping the money. If you ask ‘why will I keep the money?’, you are planning on keeping the money and you are thinking about what you are going to spend it on. Regarding ‘What would I say?’, or ‘I’d say’, this is interesting, and I’ve never really thought about it before. In the case of ‘What would I say?’, we use this in hypothetical situations. In a real situation, we would say ‘What will I say?’. You’re right that we use ‘I’d say’ in real situations, so it is logical to think that we could say ‘I’ll say’ instead, but that sounds strange. If someone asks you your opinion about something, it’s normal to respond with ‘I’d say’. I suppose it’s really just another way of saying ‘I think’.

Thank you! - 'I'm bored' - right now. 'I'm bored because this is a boring film. Let's watch something different.' - 'I'm getting bored' - I'm in the process of becoming bored. I am just starting to feel bored. As above, you could say 'I'm getting bored. Let's watch something else.' - 'I've got bored.' - I probably wouldn't say this, though it is grammatically correct. Like 'I'm bored', it means that you are bored now. You became bored a short time ago, and you are still bored now.

@@EnglishWithEm Thank you so much Madam.! 😊😊🥰

@@HiteshKumar-nx5wc You're very welcome! 😊🌻

@@EnglishWithEm May you touch great heights on KZfaq.!!! 😊😊🥰

@@HiteshKumar-nx5wc Thank you very much 🤞🤞🙏🙏🌻🌻