We love you all. Don't forget to like and subscribe for the Algorithm! You can check out Makram’s Books here: English: a.co/d/62rSiIf | Arabic: a.co/d/h170NCu Here are the timestamps: 00:00 | The Myth of War 06:17 | Maronite & Druze narratives put them on a collision course 09:31 | Should our differences stop us from being inclusive towards each other? 12:38 | Understanding the origins of Druze & Maronites in the region 16:10 | Did Lebanese nationalism exist under Ottoman rule? 20:52 | The international element of the Mount Lebanon wars 23:38 | Why was “Greater Lebanon” of 1920 rejected by Muslims? 27:32 | From producing knowledge to exporting c*ptagon 31:12 | Why did Makram choose to write about the Mount Lebanon war? 33:37 | The Druze/Maronite experiment 38:57 | The Gemayels, Joumblatts, & the 1982 Mount Lebanon war 45:07 | Isr@el, Sabra & Chatila massacres, and the aftermath 47:01 | Who was the real victor of the Druze Maronite war? 50:35 | The assassination of Kamal Joumblatt & the Syrian entry to Lebanon 51:28 | Explaining the Right/Left nuance of Maronites & Druze 55:28 | Did the PLO cause the Lebanese Civil War? 56:40 | Our silence enables their violence 59:34 | Why H.A killed Lokman & targeted others 1:02:16 | The Lebanese Crisis is an “Ethical Crisis” 1:05:35 | We don’t want a superhero/savior we need a super system 1:12:03 | Iran, KSA and Walid Joumblatt :17:30 | Crises of succession - From the Iranian to the Lebanese 1:22:20 | Our power lies in our pluralism. 1:24:11 | Is there hope?

I applaude the editors for adding pictures to help visualize the narrative. I applaude the hosts for deeply listening and probing the guest at the right moments. It's rare to have a host who doesn't insert his ego and disturb the guest, and it's even more rare to have two hosts who are coming in at the right moment with nice curiousity that resonates with the listener. Thank you for the guest who is spoon feeding us the extract of years of hard academic work. Thank you Sarde, you guys are precious!

I'll never get bored listening to you guys for hours. Love you Midea and Muaen and respect to your gust.❤❤❤

Thank you for having a highly informed rebellion free man like Makram.

Every time I watch sarde I tell myself this is the best episode, then I watch the next episode, and I say no, this is the best episode. So thanks sarde for giving us amazing episodes every time.❤❤❤

Great guest Makram Rabah ! very open minded analyst and historian ! Makram Rabah is a must have on Sarde like Charles Hayek ! great job !

Insightful episode. Re - on investing back in Lebanon: We were in the process of opening an office in Beirut back in 2019 and hiring local talent, then put everything on hold since the explosion. It's extremely hard to us to make sure we get our work done on time with all issues with stability, collapsed banking sector, power outage and weak internet. We're still looking forward to that day when it comes.

I really enjoyed listening to Makram definitely bring him back.

I watched it twice and I enjoyed it so much. One of my favourite episodes so far! I feel so hopeful watching people like Makram. Maybe one day I will be back to Lebanon with my kids😅

Dr. Makram Rabah possesses an extraordinary level of knowledge in the field. It was a privilege to hear him share stories that are rarely articulated in such detail. I am grateful for team Sarde for providing the platform to people like Makram. The amount of information he shared was so rich and informative that I had to listen to it twice to fully grasp it all 🙏🏻 keep going strong and we need Makram back la nesrod 3a more of his “blast from the past” stories. Liked and Subscribed

What an incredible guy Makram , full of knowledge ! Enjoyed. Every single minute of this episode , as always !

You guys are always inroduced us to amazing guests and content! Thank you

سردة بتجنن ❤️ كمية كبيرة من المعلومات... مكرم موسوعة 👍🏻

« It’s a journey & an invitation for debate » thank u Makram for your book & your invitation for dialogue between Lebanese & your respect for others & different perspectives.

C’est un des meilleurs épisodes de Sarde que j’ai visionné à ce jour. Les enjeux que font face les Libanais dans les quatre coins du globe sont plus réels que jamais. Keep it up!

Whenever I say " this is the best Sarde" you surprise us with a better one! Keep it up, history has never been more entertaining

Amazing and very interesting episode. Respect to Dr. Rabah. Thank you.

I’m half lebanese. All the Lebanese I knew growing up were immigrants to US in the 80’s, and aren’t very in touch with the current and modern culture. Thanks for helping me learn Arabic, and about the real lebanese intellectual scene :)

Great Sarde. Thanks for always introducing us to outstanding people!

We have to embrace diversity We have to acknowledge that diversity is within oneself ! Thank u Sardé ♥️& thank u for your guest

Makram is a sample of Young and True Lebanese, regardless of their religion, who are the only hope and only bet for the Future of Lebanon. Lokman and the many lebanese martyrs would have loved hearing this important interview. Bon courage to the team Sardé.

Simply brilliant. Makram clearly shows how knowledgeable and analytical he is. He has a beautiful mind !!

Great guests and wonderful people. After watching this sarde, I felt that I gained a wider approach on history, politics, and society. We are lucky to have people like you. All the best

Merci pour cette magnifique émission très instructive, merci pour la grande qualité du débat, je vous souhaite tout le succès du monde

Thank you for this amazing Sarde❤

Great episode, I learnt so much! 🧡

Great episode and very informative. Thank you

فظيع فعلا حلقة منتعة، في أسألة كتير بتساورني من زمان جزء كبير منا تم الجواب عليها بالحلقة موسوعة معلومات و تحليل منطقي يصدق برافو سردة ❤

Officially my favourite channel.

the best one so far!

Best episode ever, All the respect to Dr. Rabah

This Sarde is great !

Woowww❤❤❤ hal2a btjnin ! A lot of knowledge, history, .. so interesting!

Excellent , I love history and historians. . Thank you.

الموارنة جاؤوا من الداخل السوري، مش فاهم كيف صاروا فينيقيين؟!

Loved this! Thank you guys ❤

This is a brilliant episode, thank you! I've learned a lot and it gave me a new perspective on what's happening or what happened. In the end Prof. Rabah is right: We must make the decision of wanting to live together and then work on the necessary steps of getting there. And justice and accountability are the most important conditions to be successful. So thank you again ❤

سرده حلوه متل العاده، الله يعطيكن ألف عافيه. أنتم أقمارلبنان وفلسطين. و أنا وكتير ناس من العالم العربي فخورين فيكن...

very nice episode!

BEAUTIFUL episode and Tier 1 guest

Incredible sarde!.❤️

Great educational content

Wonderful sarde

Azne akhle2iye, i vibe with what he said. Thank you for hosting such people. Enjoy sarde after dinner. Wish you continuous success

I enjoyed a lot this Sarde as well.Again, I learned a lot, Lebanese people deserve so much better than what they have to endure now.Wish all the best!

شخص رائع أشكركم على استضافة مكرم رباح.

مقابلة رائعة .. و برنامج رائع...سلامات دايماً..

رائع استاذ مكرم ، عنوان حلقتك سرده ، شاهدتها وتمنيت ما تخلص السرده ❤❤❤❤❤

تحليل اكثر من رائع 👏👏👏

we have all social classes at AUB it sounds like a pure delirium from M. Rabah....

ما أروعك دكتور مكرم ! كم نغتني بثقافتك ، كل التقدير

Amazing episode!!!!!! Please continue to make episodes about the history of Lebanon and the Lebanese Civil War.

THANK YOU FOR PROMOTING HISTORIANS

إنسان مثقف واعي مستنير غيور على وطنه، منفتح وغير طائفي، لديه رؤية لو طبقت لخرج لبنان من محنته. ألف تحيه له ولأمثاله.

سردة رائعة طويلة نسبيا وقصيرة ايضا كان افضل تقسم لحلقات الخ... جميل رغم عدم التوافق مع بعض ماطرح شكرااا...

It would be very interesting if you make an episode about druze as a religion not as a culture

Loved the talk, very inspirational gives me hope in our nations ans people.

حلقة رائعة ودعاية كبيرة لكتابه والذي سأشتريه لأنه يبدو مثيراً للاهتمام شكراً

He did a drastic change in 21 days, he could have definitely changed the whole Lebanese cycle in 6 years!!! You don’t know him that much!

برنامج ممتاز ومعلومات قيمة

I apologize Mr. Rabah I wasn’t patient enough thank you for mentioning the incident of the massacre that happen when kamal Junblat Who was assassinated and most of the victim was a Christian citizen participant at the social party and they were killed at in the ferociously…… Amazing and very interesting interview respect to Dr. Rabah thank you for your invitation to dialogue between the Lebanese And your respect for others and different perspective I hope we can find your book on Amazon

I enjoyed this immensely❤

Thank you Makram

just perfect interview ❤

it would be SO interesting to dig deeper into this student movement from 70s till 90s during the syrian regime

سردة رائعة وغنية جدا ... شكرا استاذ مكرم

Love your channal❤...all the respect to Mr Rabah.

Excellent interview

There is a proverb in english: if something works, you don't fix it. The country that was born which was called Lebanon, and after it took independence from France, it was a very poor country, because the Ottomans did nothing to it. Whilst Lenanon after the French mandate it became a rich country, and it became rich because of the help of the French. Once the Lebanese discovered that their country can buy gold, they all wanted to control it. Mr. Makram talks about a relationship between the Maronites and the Druze, that was only in mount Lebanon, but not in Kesrouane, or Jbeil, or the north. Or the south.

As a non Druze who dated a Druze woman, this was fascinating. And I love Mr. Makram's pragmatic and in a way optimistic description. He is right, we need to strip down the myths of our leaders to understand how they got into the position(s) they do. As well as remembering that some of our conflicts are a drop in a long timeline of cooperation.

رائع استاذ مكرم ❤ ❤

سردة حلوة و مكرم موضوعي يعطيكم العافية😊

مكرم رباح ثروة ضخمة مضيئة في هذه الجغرافيا المظلمة ❤

Great episode

تحية من الساحل السوري

Amazing ✨

تحيه لمقدمين البرنامج ❤❤

رائعة !! يا ريت بيصير مكرم sarde resident متل شارل حايك.

So interesting!

حلقة رائعة.. مثقف تنويري وفاعل.

Awesome

قمة الثقافة راااااائع

This sarde made me realize how ignorant we are about our history as Lebanese people. Our current history only dates from 1975 and a little bit before that. But there's a reason why we are so much divided, and that reason is not arbitrary, it had been cooking since israel came to the region, and we fell for it

You are the best

Such a fast paced episode. Couldn't keep up with all the info

حلقة حلوه ❤

12:54 During the 19th century, there was no Abbasid Caliphate. What I know is that the Druze community began to establish itself in Lebanon in the early 11th century. I appreciate if someone can clarify.

من أروع السردات قد يمتلك المعرفة كُثُر لكن القدرة على معالجتها وإعادة سردها بصورة استنتاجية مهارة أجادها د. مكرم

❤

12:58 *9th century not 19th, زلة لسان.

Curious as to why you used the @ sign for the word isre@li in the subs .... tba3do 3yoon (electroniyeh) ya3ni 😂😂😂

"روعة" أقل ما يمكن أن يُقال عن هالسردة..

🌠🌷

Funding, good lighting, nice voice rec and translation, etc... can make nice episodes but they can't change facts and sometimes cannot hide ignorance.

حلو الحديث من احسن الحلقات 👍👏

I mean this in the best possible way but the dynamics of an academic lecturing the hosts with no discussion or push back is not great. If you don’t have the background to enter in a 2 way conversation, then why not invite to the conversation someone who can?

والله انك انسان مثقف جدآ رهيب أنتا ❤❤❤❤

Midea and Moueen love you

رائع مكرم

I might not agree with everything he says, but nonetheless he’s one of my favorite. Thanks for bringing him on