This answers a question I didn’t know I had.

"Nanomachines son!" - Senator Steven Armstrong, 'Metal Gear Revengeance'

I remember some years back when a tech company said they'd invented solar power paint. Once dry the surface generated electricity like a solar power panel. I thought back then that if it could integrated into clothing you could have a windbreaker that charged your phone. What ever happened with that stuff? I know this is off-topic but if I don't write down a thought right away I will soon forget it. Damaged. So it goes.

This video just gave me more motivation to study harder. I'm currently taking classes in nanotechnology and similar subjects, so to think that in 2-3 years I could be working on something as amazing as making limbs for amputees or making little robots that remove cancer is so uplifting. Thanks for the motivation!❤️

As long as nanomachines doesn’t harden in response to physical trauma, we’re not far enough

As a molecular biologist, I always find it funny that nano-technology and bio-technology are considered two different things. Biology is the best example of nanotechnology we have today. Our cells consist of literally hundreds of thousands of gene products, thousands of different types of molecules, and most importantly, a massively information-dense architecture. Not the typical "DNA is digital" hoopla. DNA is a molecule in which one aspect can be compressed into an ordered sequence of A, G, C, T nucleotides. But it is a molecule, a big one, and how it interacts with other molecules is at the crux of its information density. Moreover, computational networks exist as the cell itself, not just DNA. Regardless, biologists use nanotech all the time, we just call it biology. Polymerase chain reaction is an example. We create a reaction of DNA polymerases, buffered salts, nucleotides, small DNA primers (~20 nucleotides long), and DNA templates. Combined with the correct application of periodic heating at three temperatures we generate a reaction that exponentially copies some DNA target. The RNA vaccine uses a lipid to enter cells. In the lab, we use this molecule mostly to get some desired RNA or DNA into cells for experimentation. This technique is ubiquitous nowadays. These lipids literally form into a sphere that encapsulates the DNA or RNA in solution. We then add this mixture to a plate of cells and this transfects the cell, beginning a process that ends in the breakdown of the lipid spheres and the release of the RNA/DNA into the cell. The DNA is then transported into the nucleus and a whole new round of nanomachines processes it in different ways. I'll stop there but there are thousands of techniques that use various organic molecules and proteins to perform some process which we can use to measure something, or produce some other molecules, or capture some molecules, etc.

"Nanomachines son they harden in response to physical trama... you can't hurt me jack"

The fish puns were SOLID gold! Definitely Grammy material! As always: a fascinating and informative video! Thanks!

I like these videos that examine the predictions of the past about current and future tech. Let’s get more of that.

Thinking about Nano stuff just makes me realize I was born so slightly too early to live forever. Darn it.

Also a big thank you for the Curiosity Stream plug -- I signed up at the low rate you mentioned, and have been loving all the content I can now access. Thanks Joe!

I really appreciated that segment on the fungus-treated wood flooring producing electricity simply by people standing or walking on it. I've been asking for a couple decades now why we can't have piezoelectric roads and parking lots, for the exact same reason they made that flooring: there is a LOT of free energy that could be generated.

It was the realization that viruses and bacteria were already capable of doing essentially all of the things that medical nanotechnology was supposed to do that made me become a microbiologist. Seriously, they are sub micron in size, have chemical sensors, motors, and can replicate from in situ resources as simple as water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide, and nitrogen gas.

Oh, man! I nearly squealed when I saw the title for this video. I'm currently doing my Master's Degree on Nanotech, and listening to Joe explain some of the things I hear about everyday is just so exciting! Thanks for the education you bring, Joe.

Regardless that you can find an in depth documentary about the topics you cover I would argue that a 15 min sum-up definitely has its place. Keep up the good work Joe. For me AWJ is something I always look forward to and enjoy watching very much.

Thanks Joe. I really enjoy all of your videos. No one else comes close to your method of informative teaching that you make so fun!

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="660">11:00</a> regarding nanotechnology and cancer - we're still at caveman level. Let me explain: Virtually every biomedical intervention relies on the circulatory system to deliver the thing to where it needs to be. Whether it be cancer cells in the brain or pain relief in a limb. This means that, over time, whatever you are wanting to put into [highly specific area of interest], will end up everywhere else as well. I'll give you an example case: Patient is a 15 year old male who has recently suffered a catastrophic impact with a tree while down-hill skiing. The patient presents with shock and a broken limb: the tibia has broken into two pieces, which have become disconnected. The patient is placed under medically induced coma for medical intervention - the bone is realigned, screws are put in place, and the incision is closed. The patient is weened off of the anesthetic and should recover within the hour. 2 hours later the patient is still not recovering. The attending physician is shocked - the patient is at risk of brain damage! The attending is referred to the hospital neurosurgeon due to this being a brain circulatory issue - there is no clear reason why any of the drugs are at fault, the patient has no known allergies and nothing popped up in family screening. The neurosurgeon has seen just 2 such cases in his lifetime, having worked in a much larger hospital, and immediately recommends an x-ray of... The chest? The tibia is broken, the problem is clearly in the brain, and yet mr. Neurosurgeon wants to order an x-ray of the chest. Weird. X-ray comes back with something strange. The patient's lungs seem to have a polka dot pattern. Lots of small dots littering the chest. What's going on? The dots are fatty acids and, with a course of medication, quickly disappear into the bloodstream. The patient awakes. No brain damage. Discharged the following day. Okay what happened? When the patient's tibia broke, this exposed the blood marrow to the circulation. Fatty acids from the blood marrow seeped into the blood and went everywhere, including the brain and lungs. During the operation the patient was given blood thinners and other medications, which caused the fatty acids to get everywhere. After these were discontinued, the fatty acids then coagulated in the vasculature of the brain. Now, you don't x-ray the brain for fatty acids, because they won't show up. The entire brain has lots of fluids and has a consistency more of fat than lean muscle, is suspended in a sac of water, and so on. So you x-ray the chest, which has a large volume which gives a very nice contrast. Also, lots of vasculature, so higher numbers of "polka dots". Any nanotechnology has to wrestle with this problem. We even administer pain medication based on BMI for this reason - because BMI is highly correlated (though not perfectly, so we don't ONLY use BMI) with your blood volume, which in turn is highly correlated with the amount of blood circulation. We want a specific dose / blood volume, in very basic, non-medical terms. We are still at 10,000 BC technology level when it comes to medicines. .. Now if you want to talk progress, I warmly recommend hitting up the topic of "intraoperative (or interventional) MRI", "intraoperative Ultrasound", "stereotactic surgery", "image-guided surgery" and "minimally-invasive surgery". I would like you to contrast these topics with things like lobotomy, just to get an idea of how far we've come. The topics above could be simplified to: "Brain surgery - from an ineloquent to the eloquent brain".

These are my favourite kinds of videos. I really love getting updates on tech we first heard about years ago and have had advancements that perhaps wouldn’t necessarily garner a lot of media attention. Nanotech, Graphene, 3D printing etc.

Thanks joe for all the contents in this channel and for teaching us amazing things thanks for your hard work!!

Thank you Joe! Very informative and cool to watch video. Keep up good work!

I've been studying Nanosciences for nearly 3 years now. Its amazing do see, what is possible with Nano and also seeing things humanity or nature have been doing forever that actually are Nanotec as well. On the other hand advancing the science to get the really cool futuristic stuff is hard as nails. And expensive, really expensive.

Nanophotonics is where the fun stuff is at. Something really cool to point out that nano materials tend to be at the same size of visible light and that can crate some really cool interactions. One thing I was hoping you’d talk about are Hyperbolic-metamaterials but they’re super recent.

When are we getting nanomachines that harden in response to physical trauma

On the other side of the Iron Curtain where Feynman's lecture was unknown, Stanislaw Lem predicted the future importance of micro- and nanotech in his (nonfiction) Summa Technologia (Krakow, 1966).

Best channel on KZfaq. Thank you Joe for the consistent compelling content.

Science fiction writers: "not sure how to get out of this corner I have written myself into." Friend: "you struggling to come up with an ending?" Writer: "no, I can't decide whether to use 'nano thing' or 'quantum thing'...."

Talking about, your videos be so consistently well done all the time. Don't know how you do it or how you keep doing it, but good job. . . .and, yes. You are correct. That WAS a lot of nouns and adjectives.

I like this guy has remained consistent. Nostalgic of an era of the internet gone by

Some very cool things on the show today. I hadn't seen the nano animation before, so thanks for that, Joe. I wonder if we will ever get to pushing and pulling things around at the Plank constant limit? If we built a nano machine that could build even smaller devices to get very small, just rinse and repeat until small enough. Electron manipulation is certainly getting there!

I love how you tend to touch base with interesting topics every once in a while, to catch up with them. Especially this topic!

Surprised at no mention of Drexler. He was the person who introduced me to the idea nanotechnology, and got me sincerely interested in transhumanism as something possible within my lifetime when I was a teenager in the late 90's. I wrote my senior english class research paper on nanotechnology, mostly referencing him. I know he's kind of not respected anymore, due to not having practical ideas. But I don't think it can be argued that he wasn't a very influential figure, who spurred a lot of interest and energy into the development of nanotechnology.

Every door in every building should be spring loaded, self closing equipped and linked to a dynamo. We're some of the the most efficient generators at our disposal.

Always look forward these videos. I wonder what's next... Astroid detection? Geothermal science? Lasers? Future tech? Love it all. Keep up the good work team.

Can't wait for the invention of nanomachines that hardens in response to physical trauma.

Glad you mentioned dangers, but why not mention soda, sun screen, food dyes, etc? Or how many non- fda approved nano products enter our markeplace each week? You should do a crossover on nanotech and aging, btw

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="69">1:09</a> First time in a while situation where I might say LOL describing my reaction, while actually laughing aloud rather than just saying it. Thank you for that, sir.

The problem with nanotechnology in computers is that it might not be small enough! We need a whole new way to manipulate matter at even smaller scales than the nanometer because we're already at the limit of what nanotech can do in computers. Edit: aaaand Joe just narrated me typing this comment 😆

There’s nothing I love more than starting my morning with some big brain entertainment!! Thank you joe 💜

Powering stadiums or dance clubs (or at least extra bits like lights and such) with the floor would be a great idea. It would also be awesome if they could harness the crowd energy from cheers, whistling, applause, etc.

Dude you are funny and filled with so many answers and just enough questions to keep ME returning for more .. thank you to SOPHIA for directing me to you or did she put you in my Path .. I love your presentation and content ~

It’s the “theoretical limit” so once we’re there in technology we will have the freedom to think about it more practically. I mean *in theory* we could find a way to manipulate Quantum Fluctuations that make up Atoms at the sub-atomic scale that work as transistors, etc.

Once again, you were beat out on the subject by a day with Sabine's take on nano-bots!! LOL just no luck Joe. I like your take on things though, so keep up the awesome work.

Hi Joe, we like your videos and use them for homeschool- long time subscribers. We just joined Curiosity Stream under your link to also help support you further. Please keep the great videos coming, and thank you for not dropping F-bombs constantly, talking about bizarre sexual acts or other things we don't typically include our homeschool day. Keep the quality content coming; your dry sense of humor is appreciated!

Important note about transistors is that once we hit a gate length of ~30nm, the node name no longer reflected any physical measurement of the transistor, so a "5nm" transistor is "5nm planar equivalent" roughly. As in, we have used FinFETs to scale transistors beyond what planar transistors could achieve and so although we still have transistors with physical measurements between 20-30nm, the performance and density of these transistors are roughly equivalent to a 5nm planar transistor.

Ooo my field. The part about unexpected health effect made me a bit Anxious... considering ho much nano stuff I have handled as unexperienced student in stil pinioning phase :D Made my Master thesis on quantum dot. Phd on Nanostructured organic semiconductors. Also made some sortie on carbon nanotubes. Most for Photovoltaic application but also on sensors, catalyst and metamaterials. So participated in this slow, hard but steady revolution from 2007 to 2017 before changing sector.

Together with certain non addictive substances Joe Scotts infotainment helps me keep my sanity in an insane world! Thanks Joe

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="712">11:52</a> onwards: "The Grey Goo Effect" reminds me of the episode of Futurama where Bender clones into smaller and smaller duplicates, eventually entering the water stream etc.. ☺

Joe, regarding transistors at <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="345">5:45</a>. They have not gone down to 5nm in size, but roughly 30-50nm in size (differ between manufacturing company). The name "5nm" is only a process node, the name for how transistors are made and is different between each company (TSMC vs Samsung vs Intel, etc).

For a couple of pretty entertaining treatments of the Grey Goo phenomenon, may I recommend later seasons of Stargate: SGI, and the second season of Lexx.

Viruses and deseases: Why wont you die?!?! Me: *NANOMACHINES SON!*

My favorite way to illustrate the scale of the prefix "nano" is with the speed of light. In one second, light travels about 186,282 miles (299,792 km). That's 7.5 times around the Earth in one second. In one NANOsecond, light travels about 12 inches (30 cm). Mind=blown.

I used to act on Japanese TV on the side for supplement income and I had a few jobs with a woman from Russia who was using acting to supplement her own income while she studied there in Tokyo. She was studying nanotechnology at a university, and it leads me to a useful suggestion for future videos: A note about how those of us interested in the field can get into it. Where should we study? How do we get into these fields? I’ve become bored of my 18 years in the video-game industry and haven’t worked in over a year while I try to find what else interests me and where my future should point, and when you present a video like this it makes me dream of new horizons!

Are you going to do a separate video about the things that Richard Feynman did?

My dream for many years: Nanobot that latch on to each of my my neurons to inhance its functionally and persist after the cell dies. Over time I would have a silicon brain.

YOU ROCK MY WORLD JOE. KINDA SCARY BUT, I GET ALMOST ALL MY SCIENCE TYPE INFO FROM YOU BASICALLY.

Joe, can you do a video on time zones? Specifically, when mankind realized that different locations had different local times, and what caused the creation of time zones?

The funny thing about the electricity generating floor tiles is that it's not free energy, you're actually making the people walking around expend more energy working against the sponginess of the tiles. It's the start of the Matrix.

Metal Girl Revengence, Son

Another researcher/writer to look into on nanotechnology is Eric Drexler. He wrote the book "Engines of Creation" (1986.) Going into a detailed discussion on nanotechnology in terms that's understandable to the average person (highly recommend.)

That was cool! Even though the floor idea is probably the lesser impactful one, I think it is very neat.

What, what? What did he say at <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="779">12:59</a> "This is what is happening at various trials around world" has got to be the greatest understatement ever. Joe, got to love how you blindly participate in the machine!

So Where Exactly Are We With Nanotechnology? Well Joe, half of the country doesn't think vaccines do anything, so we have a long long long way to go before we can even start talking about nano technology.

JOE, I'm surprised that you NEVER mentioned K. Eric Drexler's name even once, which imo is a MAJOR faux pas, since he is widely conceded to be nanotechnology’s “founding father"! While Feynman simply posited the idea of building at this scale, using the example of a complete full-scale machine shop used to make another smaller machine shop, which makes another smaller machine shop, etc. until you eventually arrive at a molecular scale machine shop, but he did not come anywhere close to going into great depth on expanding the theory. K. Eric Drexler was inspired in 1979 by reading Feynman's 1959 presentation ,"There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" which led him to change his course studies, which was no small feat since almost NONE of the teaching professors understood nor agreed with him. But he eventually found a mentor and Drexler's 1981 graduating thesis paper, “Molecular engineering,” was the result and was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - this ESTABLISHED THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES of molecular design, protein engineering, and productive nanosystems. In accomplishing this, Eric Drexler was the VERY FIRST to receive a Ph.D. in the field (at MIT), where he also went on to teach the first course in nanoscience (as well as at Stanford) and also chaired the first two conferences on the subject. Btw, while Prof. Taniguchi was the first to use the term "nanotechnology", it was widely unnoticed and it took Drexler's "co-discovery" and expansion of the term into "molecular nanotechnology" for it to gain a foothold in the scientific community, which he codified with his early work in the field There's SOOOO MUCH MORE to know about Eric Drexler, but anyone who's interested in the AMAZING THEORIES that Drexler posited and just how much of his early predictions are, or are close to, becoming reality, I highly recommend starting with his 1986 book ENGINES OF CREATION: The Coming Era of Nanotechnology, which proposed everything from amazing new nano-materials to the idea of a nanoscale "assembler" which would be able to build a copy of itself, aka the self-replicating nanobot (and he also coined the term "grey goo" that you used). SADLY (and imo this is a stain on the scientific community) the ideas he presented seemed so strange and unsupported by scientific proof, that he was widely ridiculed with a rare vehemence by many scientists and so spent years wandering the wilderness, as it were, until enough work had been done as to validate Drexler's earlier ideas. So it is only in recent years that he's received the praise and acknowledgement that he was denied, and imo he should receive A NOBEL PRIZE in engineering, material science and more for his work. But as this video shows, K. Eric Drexler is STILL ignored and his contributions forgotten by most people, smh :?(

Hi Joe! About the floor thing, check out the floor at Shinjuku station. They have a piezo-electric generating floor. might be a fun follow up to this video. :)

Just a little joke: Back in college a group of friends and I would make the joke: "Carbon nano tubes are really [freakin'] light. But photon nano tubes are REALLY [freakin'] LIGHT!"

The pandemic came and taught everyone the importance of having multiple stream of income, unfortunately having a nice paying job doesn't mean you are financial secured anymore. So we all need to put in an etra-income earning chance, like investment.

Haven't watch one of your videos in a while. They just stopped coming up on my feed and I forgot to look. Still as awesome as ever though :D

Another good job, keep up the good work buddy 👍

I've been watching Joe's channel for 8 or so years now, and I honestly think he's one of the best KZfaqrs out there... I think its crazy some idiots have 10 and 13 million subscribers, and he has under 1.5 only... But yea, the world is a weird place... Love you Joe!

Nanotechnology: How scientists use tiny tools to make really cool stuff. Nanatechnology: How my nana used kitchen tools to make really tasty stuff.

You put great videos together. Cheers.

The best way to visualize scale of ANYTHING is to go look up the demo "Scale of the Universe 2". It let's you slide along a logarithmic scale down from the planck length all the way to the size of the observable universe. When I saw it 10-ish years ago it totally changed my understanding of scale.

I love the little jokes and the skits you put in . Clone skit was funny... Isthmus... Just makes me smile. My ex partner made me homeless. I had to live in my car for a year. Obviously with no TV......my phone and KZfaq were my go to at night. You kept me company and on many occasions the only time I had a smile on my face that night after having nothing to smile about all day. thank you Joe.🙏🙏 When you have a smile on your face whilst learning something it makes it that much funner. Don't change. Keep doing what you're doing. "This moment of existential dread is brought to you by Curiosity Stream" 🇦🇺🤔🙏🙏🤙👍💪

i like your take on alot, i allways look forword to the next show. love ya. thx

There’s a company in Canada that has developed non toxic gold nano rods that can target specific cells and proteins. They apparently want to use them for targeted drug delivery, photo thermal imaging, photo thermal tumour therapy. Looking forward to seeing what they do with their tech. I think their smallest particle is 600nm.

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="530">8:50</a> The Fishy TV music was the theme from the "Blenny Eel" show, of course.

Another prominent figure in nanotechnology is Eric Drexler. Marvin Minsky was his doctoral advisor back in the late '70's

another good point solids versus hollows ... a paper with holes cut out is almost as string but stacked the holed one is stronger relative to its weight

Nanoelectromechanical systems, or “NEM’s” and MEM’s are really exiting, many of these systems are physical in nature rather than electronic and serve manufacturing purposes like accelerometers with physical systems like a flexing structure that will only complete a circuit under acceleration, or literal gears and levers to perform any number of potential mechanical actions, they are made by lasering pre treated silicon, the same way that microchips are made which allows new designs to be truly nano in scale. one team of researchers even managed to build a MEMs device that could capture and insert drugs of choice into individual blood cells and the device was only about twice the size of the blood cell, which is amazing, frankly.

For those who are interested in this end of technology you might want to have a look at a company called Integran Technologies. I was honored to have a tour of their facility and see some of what they have done and what they can do. They have a very large list of prestigious clients with a wide variety of applications. As a nerd, it gives me the "Warm Fuzzies "when I think about what they do. They mostly into material coatings.

Ralated Topic : The PROTEIN FOLDING problem. I would love to see a Joe Scott breakdown of this. Anyone else? I first heard of it in 2003 as a CS major in college and was fascinated back then, and it has had some recent break-throughs in recent years, I think.

"Nanomachines, son." - Senator armstrong from MGRR.

You had to have teratoma right when I was eating. I assumed I was ok to eat with this video. Thanks Joe.

I will watch the ad just for how smooth that transition was 😂👍

I just Signed up for Curiosity Stream. Thanks Joe!

"Tetra Lasso" and "F*I*S*H", I'm screaming 🤣🤣🐟🐠

Senator Armstrong: NANO-MACHINES SON (little fun fact about Revengeance: Matschaak Modded his own Face into the game)

I'm wondering if the nano co2 capture technique could be reworked to capture methane or helium? Methane being more problematic per molecule and I understand helium from air capture is near impossible as things stand today. Love you, Joe!

Raiden: "Why Won't You Die?!" Senator Armstrong: "Nanomachines, son! They harden in response to physical trauma. You can't hurt me, Jack." -Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance

I think when it comes to medicine we'll likely see the best effects with altered viruses, especially the ones we usually carry anyways but show such a high degree of host adaption that they don't really bother us at all. Some biohackers even have allready tackled stuff like lactose intolerance in this way. One guy used lactase bacteria DNA on a tailor made plasmid ring and made himself lactose tolerant for quite a while. Sure, that's not the way I'd recommend anyone do it, but it's a highly interesting result.

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="15">0:15</a> Literally that exact scene came to mind, nice.

I like how much thought you put into fishy tv. It's often the little things that show true creativity.

I’m a chemist and my field of research is gold nanoparticles as nanovaccines aganist cancer. Loce this video so much, I hope more people discover the opportunities has to offer.

Some excellent audio references in this episode 👍🏻

I would love an energy creating a suit that'd be awesome!🔥 Amazing topic thank you!

Amazing Poison plug.. Rose/Thorn lol.. Salute Sir !

Nano tattoos were pretty neat. Xenbot’s mind blowing. Neuro link….. ahhhhhh!) The movie Anon!… yet recording and rewind playback of your own memory does sound pretty cool (:

Its amazing how Eric Drexler - the actual father of nanotechnoogy - gets erased from history. He wrote the book Engines of Creation in 1986 - the first mention of assemblers - did the original science in his PhD, and it was he who testfied to congress to Clinton/Gore. Not to mention coined grey goo!

You can find the universal paperclip machine online as a browser or mobile game. It's wicked fun, I recommend for any incremental game enthusiasts.

You made this video b/c it's a cool topic. Oh and Kyle Hill did an Office Hours video about grey goo. I'll try to edit this later to add the link