The Fascinating Engineering behind Electric Trains!

Рет қаралды 2,719,918

Күн бұрын

It might be surprising to know that in electric trains, the power collected from the overheadlines ends up in the grounding cable of the track after flowing through the wheels. Three phase power conversion, regenerative braking and zig-zag overheadlines - all these make electric train technology quite unique. Let’s understand all the engineering secrets behind the electric trains starting from the simplest design possible.
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Пікірлер: 599

@aarkln Жыл бұрын

Small correction needed. Multiple motor axles are in place to improve the traction. Because we can transfer the required power through a single motor, but the traction force depends on the friction between wheel and rail which is a limiting factor for an axle. By increasing more number of axles we can get enough traction to pull the train.

@venkateshdyrwf7298 Жыл бұрын

As a Indian Railway Engineer have often faced the brunt of poor performance of 4 motor locos vis a vis the 6 motor versions

@NamLeVietHung 11 ай бұрын

In short, all wheel drive

@kdeuler 2 жыл бұрын

Fascinating. How efficient are all those rectifiers and transformers? I imagine they must emit a lot of heat.

@srmj5585 2 жыл бұрын

Transformers are provided with oil and natural air cooling system (convection) Silicon oil cools the windings of transformer and oil is forced air cooled through a cooling unit like a radiator in cars. Converter inverter unit is again provided with cooling fins for natural cooling as the train runs .

@sandeepsai8583 2 жыл бұрын

Power electronics devices with higher pulses have efficiency nearly about 100%

@Tech.Library 2 жыл бұрын

@@srmj5585 please what software was used to produce these animations?

@sumankalyantripathy7413 Жыл бұрын

@@Tech.Library Blender

@UnipornFrumm Жыл бұрын

its a lot cooler then a diesel locomotive

@KanishQQuotes Жыл бұрын

Americans watching this and wondering what alien civilisation is this

@timberhoff Ай бұрын

Why do you think that? Americans are pioneers in many mechanical and technological fields. Their accomplishments are quite remarkable imo.

@mpe5565 Ай бұрын

This comment is >>> Instagram dark comments

@V0ID_beats 7 күн бұрын

@@timberhoffYes but have very few electrified train tracks

@gizmoknow-how2022 2 жыл бұрын

This channel is just perfect, the way you first address the issue with a particular technology and then another technology that fixes that issue, always makes me smile. The animation is spot on and narrator's voice is great for these types of videos. Certainly much much...…. much better than most of the college engineering classes. Oh yeah, and the way you appreciate the technologies explained in your videos so deeply is just awesome.

@Tech.Library 2 жыл бұрын

please what software was used to produce these animations

@gizmoknow-how2022 2 жыл бұрын

@@Tech.Library don't know bro.

@Tech.Library 2 жыл бұрын

@@gizmoknow-how2022 I am thinking it's blender

@gizmoknow-how2022 2 жыл бұрын

@@Tech.Library hmm... it could be.

@burgerpommes2001 Жыл бұрын

this videos is made in a way that primary school kids understand it it is not better it is just simplefied (to a point where some things are just wrong)

@mkkm945 Жыл бұрын

Some bogies are 4 wheel while some are 6 wheel. Typically 6 wheel is on heavier, slower but higher torque engines like for freight trains while faster passenger trains have 4 wheel bogies. The one shown in the animation is the ES-64 from Siemens which has 4 wheel bogies. This is directly related to the ACS-64 that Amtrak uses on the Boston-NYC Northeast Regional and on trains to Harrisburg PA.

@einbaerchen2995 Жыл бұрын

Yeah they are some minor mistakes in these videos but they are pretty good to gain a general understanding. Technically the pneumatic brakes on most modern locomotives and coaches would be disc brakes, mounted on the wheel axiales.

@ppdan Жыл бұрын

Locomotives with 6 axles (2x3 CoCo) are actually rare. Nearly all modern locomotives are BoBo type (2x2).

@mkkm945 Жыл бұрын

@@ppdan not really. India, for example, nearly everything is 6. Europe, you're right. Even in the US, most of freight is 6 with 4 being more for passenger trains.

@ppdan Жыл бұрын

@@mkkm945 MODERN locomotives. India and US are really 2 special cases. I doubt India has lots of modern locomotives. And the US is not a country with a well developed railway system (mainly focused on freight and barely electrified). I am pretty sure that if you take the world wide production of locomotives in the last 20 years you will barely find any CoCo type among them (if any).

@mkkm945 Жыл бұрын

@@ppdan they are fairly modern. India runs insanely long passenger trains often over 20 coaches with a single loco, so the loco tends to be 6 wheel with a gearing for a lowish top speed (120kph) but lots of pulling power. India also recently launched the twin loco 4 wheeled Alstom prima with 12000hp for freight. US freight is extremely efficient and well developed, just lacking in electrification.

@samuelitooooo Жыл бұрын

Only thing missing in this video is how each of the important components (transformer, rectifier, inverters) look like in an electric multiple unit. Otherwise this is the best video of how electric locomotives work I've seen yet. Thank you!

@matthewlongstaff3112 8 ай бұрын

In an EMU, such equipment is smaller and less powerful, and distributed between more than one car. In the UK, it was once common practice to have the pantograph, transformer, rectifier/control gear, and motors under one car, and auxiliary equipment (eg batteries, brakes) under another. Lately, EMUs have typically had more than one powered car, each with control inverters, with the pantograph and transformer in just one car, usually an unpowered trailer. Longer units and high speed units often have more than one transformer.

@aut_bedenis Жыл бұрын

I like the video it is very informative. However I have one problem with the animation. The locomotive powering the railjet is an OEBB 1116 (or "Taurus" or "Siemens ES64U2") has 4 axles (two per bogie) and it is primarily build for 15kV and 25kV, but minor details.

@matthewmaxwell-burton4549 Жыл бұрын

Another detail would be that induction motors have anything but linear torque without the right control system.

@justagoose6186 Жыл бұрын

It's not OEBB, it's ÖBB

@BloodKira1 Жыл бұрын

And it has a 4 wheels bogie, not 6

@der_cumsportler1022 Жыл бұрын

@@matthewmaxwell-burton4549 Yes, when the motor is powered with 50/60Hz from the beginning, but here we have an VFD so the torque output can be set to linear

@rdgk1se3019 2 жыл бұрын

The way the first set up is shown, is actually how General Electric built the Milwaukee Road "Bipolar" electric locomotives in 1919.

@Ruiluth Жыл бұрын

Best electric engines ever made imo.

@everydayday 2 жыл бұрын

This is a very interesting video. I am Japanese train geek and I translate and play the auto-generated subtitles, but I would like to have English subtitles that match the narration, as there are some parts where the auto-generated subtitles are not sufficient.

@RISHAVGAMING9 2 жыл бұрын

There is also this channel in Japanese language

@UnderTheBridge579 Жыл бұрын

kzfaq.info/get/bejne/pclyY9mitL2Rfok.html

@andy1285 Жыл бұрын

There was fitter killed in UK just by removing axle box covers to UAT the axles , the pan had been left up and loco was drawing power for auxiliary's . All was ok till he removed last axle box cover then his body became part of the circuit between axle and bogie frame for the 25 kv . Also the ground bonds on the track can be lethal if disconnected

@srinivasansukumaran2479 Жыл бұрын

Complex topics explained in a very simple manner with the help of nice animation. Superb content !

@abhisheksharma3662 Жыл бұрын

This is Fascinating and driving me back to where I started to know more and more and keep refreshing.

@chandanrawal4137 Жыл бұрын

Best video to understand step by step about the traction mechanism in Railways

@MeriaDuck Жыл бұрын

In the EU, many systems use DC as base, no rectification needed. In the Netherlands it is 1500v only. The first design you showed for the single phase electric motor or even dc motor was used quite extensively. Power reduction was done using a bank of resistors on top of the train, heating up the surrounding air. That was quite inefficient of course. Modern induction motors, transformers and stepping circuits are very efficient.

@roshanantony7467 Жыл бұрын

The channel creator Sabin Mathew is an Indian so i guess he's using indian systems as the base for this video. The entire electrified mainline Indian rail network uses 25 kV AC; DC is used only for metros and trams here in India. If im not wrong the UK still uses 25kV AC. I wonder why DC is used in your place, isn't DC transmission through power lines highly inefficient compared to AC?

@erkinalp Жыл бұрын

@@roshanantony7467 He is using an Austrian locomotive (ÖBB Railjet) as an example, though.

@meongmeong3599 Жыл бұрын

@@roshanantony7467 Basically historical reasons. Early electrification mostly use DC or low frequency AC (like 16.7 Hz or 25 Hz). Netherlands start using 1500V DC in 1910s, although I don't understand why they choose 1500V DC over 3000V even at the time using 3000V is feasible. India also formerly used DC 3000V and 1500V in some areas

@viktorsigg4212 Жыл бұрын

@@roshanantony7467 In fact it's the opposite. DC transmission is much more effective, especially over longer distances. Historically though rectifying AC to DC was a problem (before silicon rectifiers and modern electronics), and since AC was easy to step up or down through transformers it was the logical powersource. Today with high power transistors available that is a solution of the past, and modern power transmission is moving to DC.

@roshanantony7467 Жыл бұрын

@@viktorsigg4212 im afraid you're off, there's no way DC transmission is "much more efficient" than AC. DC transmission setup is much more complex and expensive in comparison with the AC transmission types. Stepping down or up DC power is an expensive feat and its efficiency is way lesser than a regular transformer. Its not as economical as AC distribution that can be stepped up and down as u like, just keep a transformer there. Where is power transmission DC, i mean, where geographically is power transmission done in DC?

@andrewzwaniga2016 Жыл бұрын

I love these videos! Now that I have a basic understanding I don’t feel as mystified while taking trains and streetcars.

@eugeneleroux1842 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you for such a clear and informative explanation.

@akashsingh-gx6ge Жыл бұрын

That's very impressive.. Lots of respect and appreciation to the creater.... ❤️❤️

@modelllichtsysteme 2 жыл бұрын

Great explanation, BUT: 8:01 the function of a spring isn't shown correctly.

@akivaweil5066 2 жыл бұрын

Time for the rererererererelease

@Joso997 2 жыл бұрын

Great now we are going to get another re release

@dinhtuan752 2 жыл бұрын

Stop using animals video LINKS to confuse me

@dasy2k1 Жыл бұрын

Correct. But I think they have done a separate video on the tripple valve braking system

@pravintiwari4502 Жыл бұрын

@@akivaweil5066 qareeb quaw

@brunoex360 2 жыл бұрын

Can you guys bring a video about the engineering behind rollercoasters? It's amazing too! Thx for the contents 😊

@mehdielgari3552 2 жыл бұрын

Great video and impressive explaining 👏 Just for additional information the secret of engineering behind this technology is in the power conversion and changing between greed distribution power and the system Motor .the system Motor rechange the power when it turns in downward sloping direction and become generator power so we always take advantage of the purely mechanical movement in this case

@er.bharat8310 Жыл бұрын

Wow, so easy to understand how the circuit completes.

@DEEPUMONSTER 2 жыл бұрын

Im glad u updated the video about the sagging of oh lines. ,👏

@kvk548 Жыл бұрын

Thanks for the detailed explanation with differentiating step by step implementation

@raghunandan9290 11 ай бұрын

Wow. U simplified it fantastically. Thank U

@milesbrown8016 7 ай бұрын

Well done. Right on track

@deepumohandas8071 7 ай бұрын

Thank you very much for the insight ❤

@abhijithalolickal3682 Жыл бұрын

Thank you for sharing such a beautiful presentation

@tanguyruchti 11 ай бұрын

Very good video, but a small correction. there are 2 braking systems on a train. the service brake and the parking/emergency brake. the service brake needs air pressure to brake, this is used all the time, for stations, signals, etc. The parking/emergency brake is permanently pressurized and the line is bleed to brake, as explained in the video. This is used only in case of emergency or to park the train for the night per exemple.

@AlaaElhamrawy Жыл бұрын

Thank you for the great effort and the fantastic explanation.

@harishchandarb8188 Жыл бұрын

Fantastic Animation and voice over , iam a science teacher and found this the best ever tutorial !!

@pitriyanti549 Жыл бұрын

sungguh sangat membantu saya didalam memahami sebuah kereta listrik...trm ksh byk...sukses selalu channelnya..🙏👍

@mageshkumarnatarajan7431 Ай бұрын

Great efforts to explain as spoon feeding. Well done..

@vichetdragoncars3186 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks for sharing this beautiful video

@ALxdCr4ftPlays Жыл бұрын

Wow I just learned 40 hours of classroom knowledge in this short video. 😊

@BijayKumar-xf9sp 10 ай бұрын

absolutely amazing

@Romualdomgn84 Жыл бұрын

What an amazing animation! Thank you for your efforts. Keep up doing this great educational work!

@MasterCivilEngineering 2 жыл бұрын

Engineers supercharge your practical engineering knowledge here 👌💯💯🇺🇲

@suryakamalnd9888 2 жыл бұрын

I don't understand one thing. At the speed the train moves, The sliding wire/thing which collects power from the overhead wire won't it burn up due to friction due to the speed the train moves at?

@fb55255 2 жыл бұрын

@@suryakamalnd9888 te top of the pantograph is made of graphite like a pencil. This is ground over time by the wire and needs replacement. The heating is minimal as graphite is a good electric conductor and a poor thermal conductor.

@suryakamalnd9888 2 жыл бұрын

@@fb55255ohh thanks

@kundanavasarala2072 Жыл бұрын

@@suryakamalnd9888 the conductor used will have high melting point,so i don't think it should burn up

@mandehjetii3418 Жыл бұрын

Thanks for the information Love this video

@fathimaaayisha560 Жыл бұрын

Great Explanation Thanks

@shookreeseeree4 Жыл бұрын

Brilliant animation..tks to the internet..many of us get free education on so many things..

@aravindathreya3738 9 ай бұрын

love your videos!!

@vishwajittone8577 Жыл бұрын

Amazing guys !! 🤩🤩🤩 As I am a student , it's very useful for me to understand and imagine the things , rather than bookish knowledge.

@Aspirant2303 2 жыл бұрын

Hi @Lesics Great work as usual. I was hoping you guys can make a 3D visual and animation related to Astronomy (used in Civil Engineering, Surveying). No one has touched this topic on KZfaq. I would really appreciate if you would even think about this idea and explain the definitions via visuals. Thank you.

@lesetjamotlapele5237 Жыл бұрын

I think i have seen that in another video the space station construction explained in detail

@Aspirant2303 Жыл бұрын

@@lesetjamotlapele5237 Could you please tell me any detail about it? (Video name, who uploaded it etc) I really want to understand that concept

@lesetjamotlapele5237 Жыл бұрын

"How does the international space station work" by Jared Owen please check out the video and give me a thumbs up 👍

@Aspirant2303 Жыл бұрын

@@lesetjamotlapele5237 Lol. Thanks :)

@Crd2326 7 ай бұрын

Awesome contents! I liked it!

@timbacchus Жыл бұрын

Thank you so much for this.

@sifisomoya8360 8 ай бұрын

Thanks!

@roubika1922 Жыл бұрын

Extremely brilliant presentation

@chitranjankumar7739 Жыл бұрын

Sir u r doing termendos work, i m working as asst. Prof. In an institue this kind of work helps me a lot to become a good & effective teacher...

@scuzyprod.1611 2 жыл бұрын

I'm so happy that you made the videos about electric trains, recently I started to ask myself how they work

@jamesf791 Жыл бұрын

Here is something most people don't know is that about 100 years ago there were lots of electric trains in the United States. And the train companies had multiple generators throughout the line. And many cities were able to tap into these generators from the train companies. So many towns got their electric power from train companies and not electric companies

@MK-yi6ye 2 жыл бұрын

Excellent explanation…please make such more important videos..surely I have liked,subscribed and shared the video 👍👍👍

@shivkumarchowdhri5689 5 ай бұрын

Excellent presentation

@muraliranganathan5766 Жыл бұрын

Thank you Sir

@Lynxytw 19 күн бұрын

What an incredible animation

@subramaniamarumugam2433 2 жыл бұрын

Excellent presentation.

@johnniewalker39 Жыл бұрын

Beautiful presentation!

@tyson96 2 жыл бұрын

This channel is highly underrated. Suberb work :O

@SmokyPrawn49634 Жыл бұрын

Just pure quality content

@mushwani85 Жыл бұрын

Outclass explanation

@boobalanja1040 Жыл бұрын

Good job thankyou sir.... Got a great presentation.... Well super 🎉

@mysticmarble94 2 жыл бұрын

Its ookkkkayyyy ... I know every molecule of a Pantograph now ... Enough 🥲🥲🥲🥲🥲

@sagargunjote9093 Жыл бұрын

Such nice details video of electric train

@sumon_prodhan Жыл бұрын

thank you again

@JeevanSamagar Жыл бұрын

🔥🔥🔥 These fires came while listening 🎧....

@vinodkumarbandla9182 Жыл бұрын

Fantastic explation.superb

@MattijsVandebroek Жыл бұрын

Thx for uploading this.

@bobbyrkrishna2822 Жыл бұрын

So informative video. Thank you ❤

@TomEug 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you

@MdNaimurRahmanHera Жыл бұрын

This is really informative

@seanimo8579 2 жыл бұрын

This is my new favorite channel

@aryanbothra3258 Жыл бұрын

You are best in explaining

@animeshpal483 2 жыл бұрын

thank you for this ❤️❤️

@successinfo5929 2 ай бұрын

thank you sir

@telosfd Жыл бұрын

Thanks a lot!

@preciouslittlethings777 Жыл бұрын

wow... really good channel..the animation is incredible...its substance is explained coherently... I have a small robotic school (tutoring) in my little town but I have quite a lot of students, about 80 children from kindergarten to 6th grade elementary school.. and this school will open design graphics classes and engineering drawing and animation...I hope someday I can draw animation like this and teach it to children..

@naeemraza9090 9 ай бұрын

Excellent work...

@yaalpi Ай бұрын

some things have been forgotten, there are 2 brakes, the "train brake" and the "Ind. brake", which work slightly differently being the same brake, and in my opinion a very important thing, the air tank. The pressure of a long train will take forever to regain enough bar to release all the brakes without a tank to store that compressed air in the loc. In other words, without it a long train will brake and take a while to manage to speed up again

@edwinismail9401 Жыл бұрын

This was awesome

@MdArif-rd7jl Жыл бұрын

Outstanding description....

@bhaumikhirulkar3004 Жыл бұрын

Mindblowing!😊

@workoholekhh7542 Жыл бұрын

Fascinating. Know I understand why those fans work with a lots of noises. Rectifiers heat.

@milinda2569 Жыл бұрын

brilliant animations and explanation!

@kueller917 5 ай бұрын

Little errors and adjustments aside I do really commend this video for the explanation. Surprisingly difficult to find an example of how these machines actually _work_ instead of a more generalized "pantographs and bogies" shallow overview. This was exactly the kind of thing I was looking for.

@Klukanda Жыл бұрын

As a train driver a call most things in this video wrong. 1st. spring in pantograph is for lowering it and air pressure for rising. You have it wrong in animation. 2nd. The rails are not grounded but they conduct current back to the power point (Power stations, transformers, etc) 3rd. Braking system of locomotives is not like on coaches. We directly apply air pressure to braking cilinders, that's why it's called direct brake. Spring is there for parking brake. Also, on locomotives is so-called three way valve so it can brake just like coaches.

@praveenk8757 Жыл бұрын

Really you did a great job sir

@raghunandanasharma7178 2 жыл бұрын

Loved the video a lot!.

@Valery0p5 10 ай бұрын

Thanks, I just realized this very recently; makes me wonder about the risks of having current passing through those rails... Also since a lot of systems use DC, why doesn't stuff corrode?