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@49:50 Remarkable NGOs : Pratham, Kalpvriksh. (Search and read more about their contributions).

@1:00:27 "Trust my tweets less than my columns, trust my columns less than my books". ~ Ram Guha

1:03:10 if distribution of Lok Sabha seats is changed in the favour of the north, the north south economic and social divide may have disturbing consequences.

@1:17:05 Common Civil Code was not pushed on the Muslims because Nehru and others thought that Muslims were insecure and vulnerable after partition. By 1980s it should have been done and Rajiv Gandhi faltered.

@1:17:38 Rajiv Gandhi banned the book before Ayatollah Khommeni did.

1:19:15 Indians have to figure out a way to develop trans personal way of dealing with things independent of caste, religion, family etc.......with urbanisation, with migration, identities are becoming more fluid.

@55:30 Three great Dalit intellectuals of Karnataka ---- 1) D R Nagaraj, The flaming feet. 2) Devnoor Mahadeva, interview by Amrita Dutta, published by Indian express last year. 3) He does NOT mentions the third one.

1:04:30 We can improve the parliamentary system. 2) Association for democratic reforms (another good NGO, read more on it, please Ravi call T Sashtri for a talk) proposal which does NOT requires a constitutional amendment that in every constituency the winner should have 50% + 1 vote. 2) Give more teeth to the 73th and 74th Amendment (Vijay Kelkar).

@1:22:25 one of the main reason in increase in corruption in civil services post liberalisation : income disparity has grown.

@1:15:30 Indian Constitution has a centralising tendency but with economic liberalisation (1991 onwards) power was transfering to the states. Also with coalition govt. (Narshimha, Vajpyee). Now again power is moving to the centre which is a bad thing. (hence, coalition govt are better for federalism).

@38:50 1) Federalism is a bulwark against full blown authoritarianism ( of the type which Indira, Sanjay unleashed during the Emergency). 2) Non violent Civil disobedience (last few months of Anti CAA protests). 3) We have been there before.

@1:13:10 effects of technology takes decades to unfold. Clearly the smartphone is liberating as well as constraining.

@1:20:20 the judiciary and the Army are not immune from corruption.

1:01:50 Pranav Bardan, a very good political economist. (please do call him Ravi).

@1:16:00 The secularists who destroyed secularism. 1) Ram Manohar Lohia : said to attack Nehru I must align with the RSS. 2) Jayorakash Narayan : to attack Indira Gandhi I must bring in the RSS. 3) Ram Krishna Hegde. 4) George Fernandes. 5) Rajiv Gandhi.

Three crises of the Indian Republic : 1) 1962-65 (Shortages, Wars) 2) 1975-77 (Emergency) 3) 1989-93 (North and West India Hindu Muslim Riots -- Kashmiri Pandits, Bhagalpur, Babri Demolition, Forex Crises, Balance of Payments Crises) @36:00 the fourth crises of the Republic due to four fault lines.

@42:10 1) Decline of institutions started with Indira Gandhi. 2) The neglect of environmental considerations is inbuilt in our thinking classes (the intellectuals, policy making classes).

@50:15 There are many other ways in which you can change your society other than just electing a new Prime Minister (Pluralist Theory of State?). (Hence Civil Society organisations, remarkable NGOs; support the Pluralist Theory of State).

@1:07:25 Knowledge proof governments both at the Centre and the states.

@59:03 Legal scholars to follow : 1) Suraj Parthasarthy 2) Madhav Khosla 3) Maenka Guruswamy 4) Gautam Bhatia

1:04:10 proportional representation system can be a better system for the environment (Germany, France etc.) but there is no way we can adopt it. That would need a new constituent assembly. We chose a particular system. We would have to live with it.

@1:17:45 In 1980s we could have adopted a truly equal form of secularism.

1:02:18 Regional economic and social inequality (South Vs North) can become a possible fault line. Or south and west (Maharashtra, Guj, Dravidian Vs BiMARU, WB) 1) South more economically prosperous. 2) Women and Dalits are more oppressed in the north than in the south. 3) Hindus and Muslims don't fight much in the south. 4) Scientific research is respected more in the South. 5) More openness to innovation. 6) The migration is all here in the South.

@48:20 12 good Chief Ministers can change this country better than One Great Prime Minister, because of our size and diversity. (Eg. CM of Himachal, some Panwar? who improve Himachal's education; main reason why girls education and other female indicators are so good in a Rajput dominated state).

@1:20:40 corruption cuts across party lines, cuts across caste.

@32:35 decline of public institutions in quality, efficiency, transparency, accountability, across the board. Institutions include universities (decline in standards is the problem here); press; police, bureaucracy (politicization is the problem here); judiciary, political parties (transparency is the problem here eg. Electoral bonds); investigative agencies CBI, RBI, Army (manipulation by political interference is the problem here), Election Commission.

@51:35 First and Third world classification was not politically correct, so it was replaced by Global North and Global South. But know Korea, Vietnam and other countries are emerging as developed economies, so the classification may not be relevant now.

@1:01:25 perfect economic equality will get you North Korea.

@54:45 History needed both Gandhi and Ambedkar. History needed both an upper caste guilt ridden reformer and a Dalit emancipator.

@1:21:45 trans personal morality : civil servants in 50s and 60s; Gandhi : not one of Gandhi's children got a party ticket.

@1:23:20 Religion, Caste, Language --- which is of greater danger to the Republic? Ram : I think it's religion. Hindi imperialism is creeping (but it will be resisted). Caste wise we are a less unequal society than we were 50 years ago, but not unequal enough.

@41:18 Reasons for rise of Populism, Xenophobia, Strong men in India and the rest of the world. 1) Globalization --- its discontents. 2) Media --- magnifies personalities.

@35:50 Four fault lines India faces today : 1) Majoritarianism. 2) massive social inequalities (esp. tribals first under state sponsored development and then more recently due to mining boom). 3) Environmental degradation 4) Decline in Institutions.

@1:11:10 in Nazi Germany I would not be speaking to you today. Let's get real here.

My personal opinion : Rajeev Gandhi was not d cause of rising right wing politics. Both Smt.Indira & Rajeev for thought how would d communal force damage d religious cultural rights of minorities. Sanghparivar was using all opportunities to create hatredness against minorities. There was no problem to Hindus if muslim law problem to their own religious community. If majority Muslims had demanded wished change in their law,I think law could have made as they wished. Recently d law on Tallaq was not d demand of majority of muslims. But it was d demand by right wing organizations. This is actually against human rights. Any way right wings has captured d minds of common Hindus.we cannot denie their organisational skill. The very basic idealogy of sanghparivar may be anti democratic but they could win d elections. The time only can show US d affect of immoral communalism is good or bad to d Indian society. During Rajeev Gandhi's period he had changed d economic policy of Congress from socialism to more towards capitalism.

Completely biased and untrue