Understanding Wi-Fi bands is vital to understanding when to use 20 MHz versus 40 MHz versus 80 MHz channel widths. It's also an important prerequisite to understanding Wi-Fi channels and channel width.
Every wireless environment is different, and you need to tailor your equipment to the conditions. With 2.4 GHz, increasing your channel width often isn't worth it, and you should stick with 20 MHz. Conversely, with 5 GHz, increasing channel width can improve performance, but there are tradeoffs. With 5 GHz, if you don't have to worry about interference and all your client devices support it, go with the highest width available.
By understanding the fundamentals, you can more effectively select a configuration that works best for you. While there is no one-size-fits all answer to the "20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz?" question. However, understanding 2.4 GHz vs 5 GHz frequencies and the tradeoffs between non-overlapping channels and speed goes a long way.
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