When Prehistoric Marine Reptiles Ruled the Waves | BoneHeads

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Ben G Thomas

Ben G Thomas

Күн бұрын

While dinosaurs dominated the land in the Jurassic period, a variety of other fascinating and fearsome reptiles ruled the prehistoric waves - ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs, pliosaurs and thalattosuchians (marine crocodylomorphs).
*At 37:45 the artist is Joschua Knüppe, apologies for the mistake.
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0:00 - Introduction
1:21 - Talk begins
3:59 - Ichthyosaurs
12:50 - Pliosaurs
28:58 - Thalattosuchians
37:44 - Outro
#boneheads

Пікірлер: 155
@conscientiam_sui7385
@conscientiam_sui7385 Жыл бұрын
When they first start out introducing themselves, they're a little uneasy and bashful, only to immediately display confidence and care to their lesson on prehistoric reptiles. Inspiring stuff.
@michaelburbidge5835
@michaelburbidge5835 Жыл бұрын
I used to struggle immensely with public speaking, you gotta find your own rhythm. Definitely get better as the presentation continues.
@oxylepy2
@oxylepy2 Жыл бұрын
That's generally what happens when people aren't exactly comfortable with public speaking, but then have a chance to get nerdy about something they love
@MV-vv7sg
@MV-vv7sg Жыл бұрын
Seriously impressive that you have been producing these videos all the while completing academic studies. I had you measure up as a PHD student of higher given your adroit coverage of the subject you clearly have so much passion for. Thank you for bringing your passion to all of us. We are gifted by your gift for understanding and explaining palaeontology.
@etinarcadiaego7424
@etinarcadiaego7424 Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for simply using the term "reptiles", not something sensationalized like "monsters." Animals, living or dead, should not be referred to as monsters. That just reinforces the idea that nature is somehow intentionally malevolent or adversarial to human existence. We need to find a way to coexist with nature, not demonize it.
@animeobsessee2125
@animeobsessee2125 Жыл бұрын
Idk, have you seen a Mississippi Mosquito?
@c.fyffe0
@c.fyffe0 Жыл бұрын
That's just how you feel about the word it has more than the negative connotation you've assigned it
@2dumd2live
@2dumd2live Жыл бұрын
Those ancient marine reptiles are so fascinating, real shame they don't get as much attention in mainstream media
@mjm3091
@mjm3091 Жыл бұрын
They kinda do though.
@pipingbob720
@pipingbob720 Жыл бұрын
It’s all because of maaagical liopleurodooon ❤️
@dizzyrose1809
@dizzyrose1809 Жыл бұрын
@@mjm3091 only mosasaurus does not pliosaurus
@shimoarikiku7791
@shimoarikiku7791 Жыл бұрын
Mosa? They gave him some scenes in the Jurassic world movies he’s a movie star!
@sava-smth
@sava-smth Жыл бұрын
Imagine "blue planet"-style documentary about Cretaceous seas... Water is sexy
@gryphenicedancer8796
@gryphenicedancer8796 Жыл бұрын
So cute how you all started out slow and bashful - then got into the subject and gained your confidence. Great talk, may you do many more (and put those talks on KZfaq)
@Yamaazaka
@Yamaazaka Жыл бұрын
TIME TO BE A COOL GEEK YEE HAW
@danielled8665
@danielled8665 Жыл бұрын
It was so cute how you all started out so nervous and then got into the flow of it a little better as you went and started talking about the things you know so much about and are so interested in.
@bugtalk84
@bugtalk84 Жыл бұрын
This is such a great, detailed and very informative presentation.
@Dman9fp
@Dman9fp Жыл бұрын
As a Shark nerd & the first specialized fossil shark podcaster, I must admit highly predatory modern sharks Only evolved & dominated because these ancient sea lizards went extinct for whatever reason, and sharks were able to survive and soon fill the void. These creatures are very deserving of study, attention, and praise, more likely than not
@jurassicarkjordanisgreat1778
@jurassicarkjordanisgreat1778 Жыл бұрын
To be fair sharks have always been able to coexist with preda bigger than them
@Dman9fp
@Dman9fp Жыл бұрын
@Jurassic Ark: Jordanisgreat Yeah probably true (*see below). Amazing nature knows there's always a potential open niche at the top and usually something evolves to claim it (i.e. dunkleosteus, megalodon, largest huge pliosaurs, orcas, etc) we take them for granted but takes huge energy costs to evolve mega predators. But where there's a way, there's a will, I suppose, nature will figure it out. *Sharks have been always there pretty much yes (tho the first modern highly predatory lamniform sharks didn't evolve until around 100 million years ago, well after the golden age of top reptile marine predators. There were still large marine reptile predators in the cretaceous, but doesn't seem anywhere near the dominance (size, species abunance/ firm hold on the top predatory niches) they had during the Jurassic. New species can/do evolve during times of stasis, but seems more likely most major change/evolution occurs after extinction events or in response to changing environments. With the extinction of many marine Reptiles sometime during or after the Jurassic, a meso-predator release happened where modern sharks evolved and thrived much more than they did during the Jurassic. Sharks were still hit hard (or at least many of them) by the end cretaceous extinctions (the topic of my first elasmobranch evolution podcast, for those curious about it and don't want to read lots of scientific literature or if there's no documentaries about it yet) and haven't always been at the top of the global marine food chain , but yep their consistency and diversity among predatory fish or any marine predators over time is basically unmatched Edit: and it's a myth/ romanticizing the mosasaurs that they were alone at the top/ the only big bad marine predators in the cretaceous. Shark diversity was pretty solid all the way until the K-T extinctions, had sharks of lots of forms including ginsu shark (Cretoxyrhina), squalicorax aka crow shark, goblin sharks (in shallow seas not just in deep ocean like nowadays), cretalamna, etc. mostly those ancient mackerel sharks. I'm no absolute cretaceous expert, but I do know it was a mix of mosasaurs and sharks dominating in at least much of the cretaceous, and some bony fish like Xiphactinus to some degree
@julioalbertoherrera1339
@julioalbertoherrera1339 Жыл бұрын
Sharks and crocodiles are great survivors 🦈🐊.
@JR-White
@JR-White Жыл бұрын
I've been wanting to learn more about ichthyosaurs ever since reading Gates of Eden by Adrian Tchaikovsky. This vod is edited much better than I was expecting for a live talk. Thanks for using good equipment, and for taking a thorough look at the production before releasing this material.
@marysue9661
@marysue9661 Жыл бұрын
Can I just say how amazing it is to see you grow over the years? From years ago when I first discovered your channel through all of it and now. You're about as old as me, I remember a levels less than a year apart and it was kind of amazing to hear that, it reminds me how far everyone has come. I didn't turn out to study the same, but I am still a huge nerd about paleontology, and I sincerely thank you for making the science more accessible so I can stay informed even next to my quite stressful course of study and work. Please keep doing what you do!
@myparceltape1169
@myparceltape1169 Жыл бұрын
That was interesting and you didn't need to worry and sound nervous at the start. More up to date, I was shown around a crocodile farm and had a neat explanation of one given to me. Now this type looked more delicate than the others with a finer skin. For ladies' purses perhaps? It had a long slender snout with a saucer shape at the end. The guide explained, "This one eats fish and catches people for bait".
@patreekotime4578
@patreekotime4578 Жыл бұрын
Sounds like a gharial, from India.
@myparceltape1169
@myparceltape1169 Жыл бұрын
@@patreekotime4578 It certainly gave me that impression, but why was it not introduced as such? What was it doing in Africa? Apart from growing to a suitable size. That's another thing. Are there any Gharials left in India.
@BorealHP
@BorealHP 8 ай бұрын
LOVED this presentation style!!! Felt like the worlds most interesting hour of school. You all always do an unbelievable job adding the graphs, scientific studies, and a mix of pictures and skeletons for us less educated on it to be able to make the jump and understand and appreciate the little bones we are seeing
@The_Cosmic_Yog-Sothoth
@The_Cosmic_Yog-Sothoth Жыл бұрын
Brilliant talk. Prehistoric marine reptiles don't get enough coverage. Just needed a Mosasaur expert in there.
@spyrofrost9158
@spyrofrost9158 Жыл бұрын
Well look at you guys all important giving scientific lectures. Truly inspiring to see such passion.
@SevenPr1me
@SevenPr1me Жыл бұрын
This channel, Anton Petrov and geologyhub are literally the only channels I regularly keep up to date with. Thanks for being awesome
@patreekotime4578
@patreekotime4578 Жыл бұрын
Great presentation. Makes me want to visit the UK and dig around in some local museums.
@smltwnzer0
@smltwnzer0 Жыл бұрын
Thanks for making this, guys.
@TheAero16
@TheAero16 Жыл бұрын
That was a great talk you all gave! Really informative and easy to follow. Also not too long either.😄 The "rivalry" between your favourite marine reptiles was also funny and i'd think adds to your enthusiasm to the listeners😄
@nicholasbarber3644
@nicholasbarber3644 Жыл бұрын
crazy how sharks were able to survive all these predators
@hoominwifquats
@hoominwifquats Жыл бұрын
Fascinating, loved all the detail and your collective enthusiasm presenting it makes me want even more. Would totally pay to have you all as personal museum guides.
@charleston1789
@charleston1789 Жыл бұрын
This was fascinating! Thank you so much for uploading the presentation 👍
@szplai
@szplai Жыл бұрын
Thanks for posting this. Fantastic, learnt a lot.
@Daniel-de2jh
@Daniel-de2jh Жыл бұрын
You did great and this was very interesting as always :D I actually also had my first public presentation last week so thats a funny coincidence. Though mine was about Hydrogen applications in the Public sector
@Funkiotologist
@Funkiotologist Жыл бұрын
Amazing stuff truly, as an aspiring paleontology student you have heightened my drive tenfold over the years 🙏🙏❤️ Pliosaurs are such amazing animals in particular, almost like living oar driven boats!
@garybloomfield4252
@garybloomfield4252 Жыл бұрын
Thanks for sharing this talk. Interesting, informative, and downright enjoyable.
@1969kodiakbear
@1969kodiakbear Жыл бұрын
Side of the Moon. By the way, I have difficulty communicating because I had a stroke in Broca’s area, the part of the brain that controls speech. 2/8/2021 but I lived again. (My wife helped me compose this.)
@rossmcleod7983
@rossmcleod7983 Жыл бұрын
Slick and fascinating production, many thanks.
@sassa82
@sassa82 Жыл бұрын
You are the best! such good work!
@suchendelokidottir5673
@suchendelokidottir5673 Жыл бұрын
Was having a conversation on Facebook about ichthyosaurs. They said the artists rendering should look like a turtle or a croc because that's what marine reptiles look like. I tried to explain convergent evolution and they decided that scientists just mistook dolphins for reptiles. I quit trying at that point. I'm happy as a clam to info dump about evolution but not with someone who refuses to understand.
@mbvoelker8448
@mbvoelker8448 Жыл бұрын
Very interesting talk comparing the different marine reptiles. You guys stayed nicely focused and didn't repeat yourselves or each other.
@peanutworshiper6666
@peanutworshiper6666 Жыл бұрын
Ben I’ve been watching you for awhile this convinced me to sub well done
@ronniewestherly3435
@ronniewestherly3435 Жыл бұрын
Bro keep up the good work!!You guys are doing some great work specially in your research theses videos!!
@Nathan9197
@Nathan9197 Жыл бұрын
I grew up in Abingdon and Wootton. I went to a school called Dry Sandford in Wootton and the area was completely full of small fossils. There's a reserve close by that has lots of sand banks too. I loved it as a kid!
@elinyancat
@elinyancat 11 ай бұрын
i love people talking about what they love, could listen to this for hours!!
@shibolinemress8913
@shibolinemress8913 Жыл бұрын
You guys did a wonderful job! 👏😊
@sofyaharrison7725
@sofyaharrison7725 11 ай бұрын
Thoroughly interesting and informative!
@MrVante247
@MrVante247 9 ай бұрын
I enjoyed this immensely, I have to watch this again, again, again
@thomaszaccone3960
@thomaszaccone3960 Жыл бұрын
Awesome!!! Best of luck on your Doctoral Thesis. Can't wait for your first book!!
@LeoiCaangWan
@LeoiCaangWan Жыл бұрын
Well Done. I know live presentations are nerve racking but it gets easier over time.
@sputnikjones6838
@sputnikjones6838 Жыл бұрын
Awesome presentation. As a total layman I was able to keep up and understand ,mostly. Ty for your work.
@Whendidweloseit.
@Whendidweloseit. 4 ай бұрын
Im in a course about marine reptiles and this was greatly informative. ❤️ Thanks
@YannY1150
@YannY1150 Жыл бұрын
I liked how as soon as it was Eddie's turn, the high-pitched mouth chirps started happening.
@garyr3179
@garyr3179 Жыл бұрын
Fantastic presentation!
@seanbonbiggalow6396
@seanbonbiggalow6396 Жыл бұрын
Amazing presentations from everyone. I learned a lot. You should all be proud.
@camdenmurphy6054
@camdenmurphy6054 Жыл бұрын
I enjoy watching these videos while eating on my lunch breaks... It's like the little scientists are chillin with me.
@PaulODriscoll112
@PaulODriscoll112 Жыл бұрын
Well done guys, great presentation 👍
@itoyokocho.mp4
@itoyokocho.mp4 Жыл бұрын
i grew up alongside this channel, been followed Ben since highschool now i'm at my mid 20s
@alihunter84
@alihunter84 Жыл бұрын
im proud of you guys. great to see you struggling through a presentation. Please do keep it up! Its not an easy subject
@christopherholder9925
@christopherholder9925 Жыл бұрын
Well done; I greatly appreciated it.
@charlesmoffitt4811
@charlesmoffitt4811 Жыл бұрын
Great job!!
@drjekyllmshyde
@drjekyllmshyde Жыл бұрын
I hope you three go on to get your doctorates and teach someday. Beautifully done!
@sharkladyindisguise
@sharkladyindisguise Жыл бұрын
So proud of you guys!!!!!
@bewmdogg
@bewmdogg Жыл бұрын
It is great to see young people not only taking interest in prehistoric animals but also actively pursuing a career in discovering and studying these creatures.
@JAGzilla-ur3lh
@JAGzilla-ur3lh Жыл бұрын
Informative stuff! I know very little about marine reptiles compared to dinosaurs, so I appreciate the opportunity to learn.
@anndedma5355
@anndedma5355 10 ай бұрын
Great Job!
@metalliphil
@metalliphil Жыл бұрын
Great talk- any chance for a future discussion of why Ichthyosaurs and marine crocs lineages did not survive to the end K-Pg extinction?
@mr.narrator6781
@mr.narrator6781 Жыл бұрын
You did amazing. As long as you don't say Ummm so much you have all got it in the bag. So glad to see your progress.
@turbotreehouse9780
@turbotreehouse9780 Жыл бұрын
Love this stuff
@RobertGotschall
@RobertGotschall Жыл бұрын
The Ichthyosaur is the Nevada State Fossil, from back when we were a sea way. Very few dinosaurs here, for the same reason.
@royjacksonjr.4447
@royjacksonjr.4447 11 ай бұрын
We have that same problem in Louisiana. We were part of the Western Interior Seaway for most of the Mesozoic. We've had an Icthyosaur or two found here.
@YUN6_V3NUZ
@YUN6_V3NUZ 11 ай бұрын
im 18, and ive wanted to work in paleontology since i was a kid asking you where to start is the next step to achieving my dream
@andyjohn2211
@andyjohn2211 Жыл бұрын
I live in Pompy that’s mad gonna have to keep an eye out for you around town ahah
@basilbrushbooshieboosh5302
@basilbrushbooshieboosh5302 Жыл бұрын
You did the presentation really well. Sounds like you were spacing your words, great. Though the individual words were often said really fast, so that I couldn't quite catch exactly what you were saying, and had to replay a couple of times to get the names properly. Overall though, fantastic job guys. Thanks.
@middleclassthrash
@middleclassthrash Жыл бұрын
YESSS!
@jeromeisaacs4428
@jeromeisaacs4428 Жыл бұрын
Marine Reptiles are so interesting
@Qvartz_Lite
@Qvartz_Lite Жыл бұрын
Seeing the two transorming from Awkward students to the content creators I know was amazing, and your presentation doesn't trail behind.
@andythegoatman694
@andythegoatman694 Ай бұрын
Itd be cool to study icthyosaurs for college especially since theres really good specimens i was at a dentist office they had a whole icthyosaur fossil in the sediment on the wall i dont know if its a recreation probably but it looked nice
@konstantinavalentina3850
@konstantinavalentina3850 Жыл бұрын
I suspect the face-biting may be evidence of mating behavior? We see fin biting in modern sharks and rays, but, those are unrelated to these critters. Today I learned from an offhand comment that there's actually difference between Pliosaur and Mosasur. I thought they were same before now. Because of this confusion I had, I think it would be brilliant if you were to do a video about animals that look extremely similar, but, are, in fact completely different species and what makes them different from each other. :)
@etinarcadiaego7424
@etinarcadiaego7424 Жыл бұрын
Similar traits shared between distantly related or unrelated animals is due to what is known as "convergent evolution."
@markjennings7258
@markjennings7258 Жыл бұрын
Excellent presentation future rock stars
@MAZZZIAN
@MAZZZIAN Жыл бұрын
40 m Ben G Thomas video? oh baby it is a good day
@persianking44
@persianking44 Жыл бұрын
Between ichthyosaurs potentially showing up as early as the Late Permian and the thalassosuchians as early as the Triassic, it makes one wonder as to what was going on that allowed different groups of archosaurs (?) to claim the oceans as soon as they did.
@AntoniusTyas
@AntoniusTyas Жыл бұрын
FINALLY MARINE REPTILE DISCUSSION! Always my favourite chapter in reptile evolution.
@aaronmatheson9730
@aaronmatheson9730 Жыл бұрын
Wait… I thought the only aquatic animals in the UK was “fish & chips”!!?? Very interesting presentation fellas!! You are very good at sharing information for simple people like myself to understand lol! Good luck with your schooling!
@TheKeithvidz
@TheKeithvidz Жыл бұрын
Watched these creatures on channel Dinosaur Channel this morning self.
@danielempson1758
@danielempson1758 Жыл бұрын
Well thats cool i live in wootton just outside abingdon when were kids we used to ride our bikes around cothill if you want fossils and bones set into a steep bank thats very high its worth checking out mate
@Axgoodofdunemaul
@Axgoodofdunemaul 11 ай бұрын
Hurrah for you young folk carrying science forward!
@repeatdefender6032
@repeatdefender6032 Жыл бұрын
Great job, guys! I can tell you were a little nervous still, try slowing your speech down a bit and remember to let yourself breathe between words. Cheers!
@Scrinwaipwr
@Scrinwaipwr Жыл бұрын
25:50 Do they reckon pliosaurus carpenteri evolved into pliosaurus westburyensis?
@themadkipaerys6713
@themadkipaerys6713 10 ай бұрын
Where is the diagram at 19:44 from?
@bacongod4967
@bacongod4967 9 ай бұрын
I live near a clay/shale “pit” in northern midwest burgerland, an area that was part of the interior seaway, dating to about 90-75mya. We have found many croc teeth, a croc snout, and vertebrae. Along with snails, ammonites, bivalves, and sharks. HOWEVER, a Vertebrae found here many years ago, iirc is now in an Ohio museum, maybe from an ichthyosaur, the last of the ichthyosaurs, but it’s yet to be confirmed. Unfortunately it’s very hard to get to the material, as it’s buried beneath 150ft of glacial till, the fossil layer only being exposed by old mines.
@benmcreynolds8581
@benmcreynolds8581 Жыл бұрын
It's so weird how few marine reptiles there currently now is, in this day of age. Since the fossil record limits the ability to know: I'm curious what ancient Eel's, squid's, octopus, cuttlefish, and other soft bodied creatures were like in our ancient past?
@bassplayersayer
@bassplayersayer Жыл бұрын
Well done Gentlemen!!!
@MargoSki1959
@MargoSki1959 Жыл бұрын
I am so “proud of you” all. I have been watching your videos for years!!! 🇵🇱🧸⛺️🛶🏳️‍🌈👩‍🍳🇺🇸
@indyreno2933
@indyreno2933 Жыл бұрын
Off-topic discussion: Bovids are hoofed mammals that comprise the family Bovidae, living bovids range in size from the royal antelope to the gaur, living bovids are only found in North America, Eurasia, and Africa, all bovids have a single sharp end on each horn, this is present in both males and females, males tend to have longer horns than females, as the largest and most diverse family of living hoofed mammals, there are over one-hundred-and-sixty-four extant species within seventy-two genera, ten subfamilies and three major clades, the major clades are the primitive clade, the cattle-like clade, and the goat-like clade, the primitive clade consists of three subfamilies: Ovibovinae (Muskox, Takin, Gorals, Mountain Goat, Serows, Chamoises, and Tahrs), Hippotraginae (Grazing Antelope), and Alcelaphinae (Hartebeests, Wildebeests, Damalisks, and Hirola), the cattle-like clade consists of three subfamilies: Peleinae (Rhebok), Reduncinae (Reedbucks, Lechwes, Kob, Puku, and Waterbuck), and Bovinae (Cattle, Spiral-Horned Antelope, Nilgai, and Chousingha), and the goat-like clade consists of four subfamilies: Caprinae (Goats and Sheep), Antilopinae (Gazelles and True Antelope), Cephalophinae (Duikers), and Neotraginae (Dwarf Antelope).
@Dr.IanPlect
@Dr.IanPlect Жыл бұрын
Beware of a commenter called Indy Reno posting nonsense taxonomy and other flawed info. He does this all the time and stubbornly ignores criticism.
@michaelpytel3280
@michaelpytel3280 Жыл бұрын
Just when you thought it was safe to go back to the Mesozoic water .
@basilbrushbooshieboosh5302
@basilbrushbooshieboosh5302 Жыл бұрын
Bathysuchus looks like a river dweller. Similar features as a Johnston's (freshie) croc.
@mattimorottaja8445
@mattimorottaja8445 Жыл бұрын
any historic ones besides the marine iguana?
@trashgremlin9527
@trashgremlin9527 Жыл бұрын
I love it when a man talks rocks and bones to me
@brotquel1592
@brotquel1592 Жыл бұрын
I have a question about speculative evolution: you know how there are scientist who think that, given time and if we don't manage to wipe them out, polar bear will go full aquatic? Do you think it would have been possible that, given time, spinosaurids would have evolved to challenge mosasaurids as the rulers of the seas?
@GarrettFrechette
@GarrettFrechette 11 ай бұрын
go on, go on...
@AhriOfAstora
@AhriOfAstora Жыл бұрын
You guys are adorable :3
@Yezpahr
@Yezpahr Жыл бұрын
37:49 A Rick & Morty reference!
@basilbrushbooshieboosh5302
@basilbrushbooshieboosh5302 Жыл бұрын
Looks that Plesiosuchus have taken the Leopard seal body-type niche.
@basilbrushbooshieboosh5302
@basilbrushbooshieboosh5302 Жыл бұрын
Teeth also.
@LuCa8_
@LuCa8_ Жыл бұрын
That was a weirdly creepy thumbnail of an ichthyosaur lmao
@shervonmoonsammy4479
@shervonmoonsammy4479 Жыл бұрын
Hi
@macfine
@macfine Жыл бұрын
It is odd that dinosaurs never really took them the oceans until..penguins maybe ? Where reptiles went in pretty quick and mammals went relatively quick after gaining dominance
@hyper8545
@hyper8545 Жыл бұрын
👏
@iNCoMpeTeNtplAyS
@iNCoMpeTeNtplAyS Жыл бұрын
Oh no is that the Tully monster in its mouth?
@RJPalmer
@RJPalmer 27 күн бұрын
You should credit artists for your thumbnail art. Thats my work in your thumbnail and its uncredited in the description.
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