you'll have to take your own hand though - mine is not for sale 😎

in case you have not seen the other recent comment about the cursor: here is the (Windows) tool kzfaq.info/get/bejne/od2DpNd_27qbpKM.html

luckily I don't have to: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/od2DpNd_27qbpKM.htmlsi=pu2uKx6T8CqcjTRU&t=487

have a look at my newer videos - I have abandoned Microchip Studio and converted to PlatformIO under VSCode

If you knew the system behind youtube and how comments are presented to makers, you would have posted everything as a single question. Adding to some other comments here and there makes it a mess behind the scenes to find all your small questions... yes, sine and cosine do not really matter, yet I start by showing a sine wave which starts at 0, and in order to maintain this context I need to rotate the axes at a later point....

Well if we have the sine wave pre rotation I don’t understand why u needed to rotate at all?

@@MathCuriousity When I made this animation in povray I had a certain context with my students in mind - it was never meant to be a fully self-sustained, self-explaining video. I mostly put it on youtube because it was the simplest way to make it accessible for my students and because I wanted to show how to make mathematical animations in povray. I rotated the curve, because we usually tend to comprehend the real part of the complex function as the observable quantity in the real world, and in the context of electronics the observable quantity (usually a voltage) is shown on the vertical axis of e.g. an oscilloscope.

time

yo I have no idea what you are talking about

I did a terrible job explaining. In music if you use a visualizer to look at the frequencies of 2 sine waves tuned together (“tonic note” played with the “7th” note) they harmonize and their interference pattern creates a 3d illusion. So if we could simulate what this video does with 2 specifically tuned sine waves played at the same time they may create a 4d shape or at least something cool. Lowkey I’m garbage at explaining this shit but if you need help just copy my comment into chat gpt and ask for it to rephrase it. I appreciate it!

@@WesLindstrom-Chalpin-tn6ol you can visualize the addition of sine waves, but I would not call it 4D. You can have a look at 3blue1brown's videos and learn how to use his tool Manim.

I have no experience with the ATSAM family nor with ARM processors in general in Microchip Studio.

set a label, then right-click to change its properties - there you should find all your currents as well.

have you heard of the concept of complex numbers? Numbers which have a real and an imaginary part?

@uwezimmermann5427 of course. But what's complex about this rather than, as i previously stated, it being a cosine and sin wave?

@@user-xb9wb8sc9l it shows how a projection of a rotating vector in the complex plane onto the real axis gives a sine wave proceeding in time. It's the basis of treating the impedance of capacitors and inductors as imaginary entities in the so-called j-omega method, a special case of the Laplace transformation, used in electronics and electrical engineering.

@@uwezimmermann5427 when are you going to answer my question?

@@user-xb9wb8sc9l I don't understand what your problem with my animation here is. It is "complex" in the meaning that it shows sine and cosine on the complex plane as part of the calculation of phase angles in the ac analysis of electronic circuits. There is nothing "complex" about it in the meaning of "complicated"

no, sorry I'm not .

@@uwezimmermann5427 Thank you for repliyng. I thought you were maybe a sound engineer from NDR.

@@akoznasovajusername no, actually I am not, but there are literally hundreds of us in Germany.

I think I have to - now with almost 1000 followers (how is this even possible). But currently I'm lacking the time...

I have my own construction based on Thomas Fischl's USBasp which is open source. There a lot of commercial clones of the USBasp available from Aliexpress, eBay etc. They cost somewhere between 3$ and 10$

I mostly use Thumbsplus from www.cerious.com/ which is mainly an image database. For some purposes I also use IrfanView.

It's not the same camera anymore, but yes...

@@uwezimmermann5427 uh I also like to take photos and would love to see some of your recent works!

With the same tweaks or out of the box?

it's part of the PlatformIO configuration syntax, but essentially it sets the F_CPU macro in gcc.

What don't you understand and to which level of detail do you want to understand the I2C bus? I would recommend to read some documentation rather than relying on a youtube video. NXP - or rather former Philips - is the inventor of I2C and they have the standard document: www.nxp.com/docs/en/user-guide/UM10204.pdf

@@uwezimmermann5427 You are great at explaining and I am interested too. Like a typical circuit with data input from a sensor and output on a LCD or something while using a MC as 328p and coded in AVR-C?

@@Patten42 I am currently a bit overloaded with work, hence the lack of any new videos... but... and with soon 1000 subscribers...

I am just using the NE555 model from the [Misc] category in LTSpice - what kind off error do you get? What version of (LT?) Spice are you using? Where did you get your model from? In addition I also included the TLC55x model from TI to my LTSpice which also works fine - you can find it on the TI website www.ti.com/product/TLC555

did you see my follow-up video on the topic? kzfaq.info/get/bejne/eLF_ZNWKsraqj58.html you enter it as "board_build.f_cpu = 1000000UL" (for f=1MHz) in the settings in platformio.ini

@@uwezimmermann5427 thank you very much

I would need to check, but I am almost convinced that it should be RS232. You should be able to test this by measuring the idle voltage on the TX-line. If it is positive then it should be either TTL 3V/5V, if it is negative it is certainly RS232.

@@uwezimmermann5427 Thank you. It is 5V, but I was unable to get a response from the device following AccuBeat RS232 protocol for their nano product.

This video was planned as a short additional material for my students, not as a self-explanatory, full tutorial... if I ever find the time... Just in short, fast-mode gives you twice the pwm frequency at otherwise same performance, but it is also the standard mode in most cases. If you run two channels at different duty cycles still they will either be switched on or off at the same time giving you larger current transients in total. Phase-correct pwm not only distributes the switching times more widely, it also can be used if you need to avoid overlaps between switching, e.g. if you use one channel for the switching of the upper and one for the lower transistors in a H-bridge.

@@uwezimmermann5427 Thank you! that helps a lot.

Yes, it probably would be - however, I don't think I will disassemble my working units, and also it will be difficult to probe the unit during operation, because of the compact design.

Thank you for your comments - actually I have no ambition to fix this unit, since I got two working ones. I keep this one as educational material for my students.

It is very difficult to realistically simulate microcontroller code. The microcontroller is supposed to react to events from the outside in realtime... There are emulation/simulation tolls around, but as far as I know none is integrated into PlatformIO.

@@uwezimmermann5427 Thank you

that could almost sound like a question I ask my students... If you are using an ATmega and you are using the same timer for both pwm-channels, then you can change the duty cycles individually by setting the OCRxA and OCRxB to different values. E.g. for Timer1 this would be OCR1A and OCR1B. Now you can use one of the ADC channels to read the potentiometer value and use this value to set the corresponding OCR-value. In Timer1 there is are 10bit PWM modes which suit the 10bit ADC of the Atmega ideally. In the main loop you would periodically start an AD-conversion and then just write OCR1A=ADC. In Arduino-speech you could do almost the same by writing analogWrite(analogRead(chan)/4) here you need to divide by 4 because in the default settings analogRead is 10bit wide but analogWrite only 8bit.

@Uwe Zimmermann It is so important proposal for my school project. thanks a lot for your help.

different manufacturers, different names...

all Arduino boards I know of (especially Uno and Nano) use a 16 MHz quartz crystal, sacrificing 2 pins of the package of the Atmega328. You can also run the Atmega328 on an internal RC-oscillator like the ATtiny. The internal oscillator can be calibrated, but by default it is specified to be accurate to about 2% as you observed.

@@uwezimmermann5427 Thanks for the reply. I really appreciate it.