When Giant Scorpions Swarmed the Seas

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PBS Eons

PBS Eons

5 жыл бұрын

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Sea scorpions thrived for 200 million years, coming in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. Over time, they developed a number of adaptations--from crushing claws to flattened tails for swimming. And some of them adapted by getting so big that they still hold the record as the largest arthropods of all time.
Thank you to these paleoartists for allowing us to use their wonderful illustrations:
Franz Anthony: 252mya.com/gallery/franz-anthony
Ceri Thomas: / alphynix
Lucas Lima: 252mya.com/gallery/lucas-lima
Julio Lacerda: 252mya.com/gallery/julio-lacerda
Nobu Tamura: spinops.blogspot.com/
Produced for PBS Digital Studios
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References:
Braddy, Simon J., Richard J. Aldridge, Sarah E. Gabbott, and Johannes N. Theron. "Lamellate book-gills in a late Ordovician eurypterid from the Soom Shale, South Africa: support for a eurypterid-scorpion clade." Lethaia 32, no. 1 (1999): 72-74.
Braddy, Simon J., Markus Poschmann, and O. Erik Tetlie. "Giant claw reveals the largest ever arthropod." Biology Letters 4, no. 1 (2007): 106-109. royalsocietypublishing.org/do...
Brezinski, David K., and Albert D. Kollar. "Reevaluation of the Age and Provenance of the Giant Palmichnium kosinskiorum Eurypterid Trackway, from Elk County, Pennsylvania." Annals of Carnegie Museum 84, no. 1 (2016): 39-45.
Briggs, Derek EG, and WD Ian Rolfe. "A giant arthropod trackway from the Lower Mississippian of Pennsylvania." Journal of Paleontology (1983): 377-390. www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1304...
Elliott, David K., and Michael A. Petriello. "New poraspids (Agnatha, Heterostraci) from the Early Devonian of the western United States." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31, no. 3 (2011): 518-530.
Lamsdell, James C., and Simon J. Braddy. "Cope's Rule and Romer's theory: patterns of diversity and gigantism in eurypterids and Palaeozoic vertebrates." Biology Letters (2009): doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0700
Lamsdell, James C., Simon J. Braddy, and O. Erik Tetlie. "Redescription of Drepanopterus abonensis (Chelicerata: Eurypterida: Stylonurina) from the Late Devonian of Portishead, UK." Palaeontology 52, no. 5 (2009): 1113-1139.
Legg, David A. "Sanctacaris uncata: the oldest chelicerate (Arthropoda). "Naturwissenschaften 101, no. 12 (2014): 1065-1073.
Manning, P. L. and Dunlop, J. A. “The respiratory organs of eurypterids.” Palaeontology, 38, no. 2 (1995): 287-297.
McCoy, Victoria E., James C. Lamsdell, Markus Poschmann, Ross P. Anderson, and Derek EG Briggs. "All the better to see you with: eyes and claws reveal the evolution of divergent ecological roles in giant pterygotid eurypterids." Biology letters 11, no. 8 (2015): 20150564.
Poschmann, Markus, Brigitte Schoenemann, and Victoria E. McCoy. "Telltale eyes: the lateral visual systems of Rhenish Lower Devonian eurypterids (Arthropoda, Chelicerata) and their palaeobiological implications." Palaeontology 59, no. 2 (2016): 295-304.
Selden, P. A., and John David Lawson. "Eurypterid respiration." Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 309, no. 1138 (1985): royalsocietypublishing.org/do...
Tetlie, O. Erik. "Distribution and dispersal history of Eurypterida (Chelicerata)." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 252, no. 3-4 (2007): 557-574. pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6434...
Vrazo, Matthew B., and Simon J. Braddy. "Testing the ‘mass-moult-mate’hypothesis of eurypterid palaeoecology." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 311, no. 1-2 (2011): 63-73.
Whyte, Martin A. "Palaeoecology: a gigantic fossil arthropod trackway." Nature 438, no. 7068 (2005): 576.

Пікірлер: 1 200
@eons
@eons 5 жыл бұрын
Hi everyone! Thanks for the heads up about the flash frames in the video. The issue appears to have resolved on its own? I hope you were still able enjoy this video about these enormous and terrifying arthropods. -Seth
@timeshark8727
@timeshark8727 5 жыл бұрын
When the names of these animals and groups start to sound familiar, you know that you are watching the proper amount of PBS Eons videos.
@beingrandomisfun6927
@beingrandomisfun6927 3 жыл бұрын
I wonder how they tasted.
@ArtisticShadowWolf
@ArtisticShadowWolf 4 жыл бұрын
S E A R O O M B A
@mrnunez87
@mrnunez87 5 жыл бұрын
It must suck to have completely min/maxed a sea scorpion build just to have to re-roll after the Great Dying server wipe.
@brendancarlton7326
@brendancarlton7326 5 жыл бұрын
I love Eurypterids. I bought a shirt with a Eurypterid on it and it's my favorite shirt ever. It says "I left my heart in the Silurian" on it.
@A_Spec
@A_Spec 5 жыл бұрын
Kiemenplaten translates to Gill Plates in English.
@satelitemikedatapro2498
@satelitemikedatapro2498 3 жыл бұрын
Most people don't understand that there could be a mass extinction event at any time
@nicholasgroshart7734
@nicholasgroshart7734 5 жыл бұрын
The Silurian period seems like the shortest and least discussed period in time. I'd love to learn more about the paleontologists define periods of time.
@timsullivan4566
@timsullivan4566 5 жыл бұрын
"Dang them armored fish sure got big and nasty! Hey ocean - smell ya later!" But tragically, as Sea Scorpion left the water and scuttled up the beach, he was engulfed in lava.
@damirsaurio
@damirsaurio 5 жыл бұрын
Please make a video about the giant terrestrial crocodilomorphs that roamed gondwana, their extinction and it relation with the gondwana breake up!!!!!!!!!!!
@binaryburnout3d
@binaryburnout3d 5 жыл бұрын
Me : I wonder what it would be like to live in the past.
@deda9829
@deda9829 5 жыл бұрын
Old Ocean Roomba: Hibbertopterus
@proximacentaur1654
@proximacentaur1654 5 жыл бұрын
09:48
@UserRedZero
@UserRedZero 5 жыл бұрын
Any idea about the rise of snails? I never see or hear anything about them.
@viniqf
@viniqf 5 жыл бұрын
Honestly, I'm so glad this channel exists! It's just a wonderful experience to learn things about extinct animals that I couldn't even imagine. I just hope that this channel grows larger and larger.
@WickedWildlife
@WickedWildlife 5 жыл бұрын
🐨Could you do a video on the ice age mega fauna of Australia and what caused them to die out? Wombats the size of cars, giant koalas and echidnas are every bit as interesting as “traditional” ice age mammals but so little discussed
@jamesw9930
@jamesw9930 5 жыл бұрын
Finding a eurypterid fossil was the holy grail when I was in college. I'd trade every trilobite, brachiopod, and ammonite I ever found for one decent eurypterid. Alas, it was only ever legs and tails for me. Great video as usual
@dondragmer2412
@dondragmer2412 3 жыл бұрын
It's about time I saw a presentation that clearly explained the large distinction between sea scorpions and the modern land scorpions. I had not even found this in books. Thank you.
@Canal10000
@Canal10000 5 жыл бұрын
Placoderms: We made the number of Eurypterines decline with 50% over 10 millions of years"
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