Manual String Size Calculations
How to Calculate Minimum String Size
The minimum string size is the minimum number of PV modules, connected in series, required to keep the inverter running during hot summer months. The National Electrical Code (NEC) doesn’t address the effects of high temperatures on module voltages because that is considered a performance issue, not a safety issue. However, our customers care whether the system we design is operating during the summertime when their return on investment is highest.
In order to calculate the minimum string size we first have to calculate the minimum output voltage, Module Vmp_min, that each module will produce for the specific installation site. Then take the inverter minimum voltage and divide by the calculated module minimum voltage to get the minimum number of modules.
The module minimum voltage is calculated using the high temperature for the installation site when the modules would produce the lowest expected voltage. This is because as a PV module gets hotter it is less efficient and produces less voltage.
How to Calculate Maximum String Size
The maximum string size is the maximum number of PV modules, connected in series, required to keep the inverter running during winter months. The National Electrical Code (NEC) doesn’t address the effects of low temperatures on module voltages start increasing
In order to calculate the maximum string size we first have to calculate the maximum output voltage, Module Vmp_max that each module will produce for the specific installation site. Then take the inverter maximum voltage and divide by the calculated module maximum voltage to get the maximum number of modules.
The module maximum voltage is calculated using the low temperature for the installation site when the modules would produce the highest expected voltage. This is because as a PV module gets cooler it is high efficient and produces high voltage.
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