The reason that Aluminum sheets are shiny on one side, and matte on the other, is that the final rolling of the sheets is so thin, that they lay it double to be able to roll it flat enough. The matte side is the side touching aluminum, and the shiny side is the one that was touching the roller.

Your channel is pretty much the only one I know of that goes into detail about these things but doesn't go off on a tangent in the process. Thanks for all your videos!

Attach the sheet to a speaker, hang over a container that is tall enough to stand the whole sheet up in, then play a low frequency sine wave through it so it's essentially being 'jiggles' up and down that way the bubbles get shaken off the sheet letting the acid get at new aluminium. I believe that you can use the same procedure to make electro-plating more efficient. Just a thought, awesome vids, new sub here 👍

Love it when you whistle, i dont know why but it reminds me of my childhood, walking and seeing an old man whistling. Please keep up the whistling sir

Thankyou Robert what an inspiration you are!! Looking forward to your videos

Thank you for your time doing these videos , and taking the time to show us your experiments and giving suggestions on how we can or might improve on the proof of concept keep on keeping on and thanks again for your selflessness and openness this is the early years of graphene production and just like the production of cars and electronics it will get much better with experiments and time , Thanks again for sharing --Robert Longamore

I made a sheet but I have lost it due to it being only 1 atom thick, I can't find it anywhere. :-( Great video.

Robert you are my new hero! These videos are a few years old. I hope are are still making them!

Thank you for showing me the concept of making graphene sheets. Im a student of chemistry and i plan of retrying this process in the school laboratory. We have bouht graphene solution and graphene oxide solution, so i will try you'r method and i have a pair of my own ideas.

Wow thank you very much... cant wait for another session.

Hi Robert, thank you for your contributions to the Global Community and KZfaq. Your videos and the great discussions that follow with many intelligent subscribers is amazing. I was thinking that a silk screen kit for making t-shirts and such would be excellent for laying on the liquids in even thin layers. These can be found at your local art supply shops, even toy stores for very little money. A little vibration after spreading the liquids may also help to even out distribution, maybe you could use your cell phone.

Love the idea, love the concept Thanks for sharing

Thanks for sharing, great information.

Awesome and interesting, as usual. Cheers, and thanks!

Thanxs for publishing these kind of informative videos sir.that was a great work...

Awesome video This guy seems to know his stuff.

Excellent news. Great vids by the way, thanks.

Thank you for posting these experiments. I totally understand that experimentation does not always result in "Success" as most understand "Success". Any true inventor knows that failure to produce the desired result may be a complete SUCCESS in terms of lessons learned, old theories proven wrong, surprising side effects, and the simple encouragement to improve on the obvious shortcomings of the current experiment which results in future learning and more refined experiments that one day may lead EVERYONE in a different direction than that which is currently considered "The way". Please keep your videos coming and keep working at derailing the current trane of thought..... YOU are and example of how innovation happens and, in my opinion, it's people like you who lead innovation on this earth. Corporations only do what they are "supposed to do"; thereby, holding innovation back and keeping the status quo.

Brilliant!!!!!

a perfume spritzer or "atomizer" would be great to mist the graphene oxide thinly and evenly.

Thank you good sir.

Thanks mr Pixely.

Excellent video. How do you keep your kitchen so clean,mine looks like the Luftwaffe had a direct hit on it. LOL. Keep up the great videos

Great job! You produced graphite!

Thank goodness you upgraded your camera since 2013.

I almost didn't recognise you in a kitchen! ;+} Very handy indeed, i use graphene sheets of sorts for microbial fuel cells. Thanks for sharing :)

Hello Mr. Murray-Smith, You are a brilliant mind. You have inspired me to learn more about the subject and dive deeper into chemistry. I thank you for all of your insight and lessons.

now, If I understand correctly, this is not a single sheet of graphene but a homogeneous sheet of graphene in all kinds of directions. So it will have electrical properties of graphene but not mechanical properties?

Who knew i had a favorite uncle in EU lol. I can't thank you enough for your time and dedication! Im in the process of building a flow generator with your graphene sea water idea. I live on a sailboat with a constant minimum of 2 nt current flowing with the tide. Basically im layering the sheets with only a hold at one end and lose on the other. Im going to cheat a bit and use a concentration of copper chloride in ionized water. that will be pumped by a small pump (a venturi would be best so that as i sail the atmospheric difference would create a vacume to move the solution over the graphene sheets. ) Im thinking in the ball park of 1000 sheets that are 8" inchs by 60". Should be interesting at least lol. It sure would be easier to buy some ink from you but im not opposed to making grahpene with electrolysis. I plan to build this as large as i need to power the boat through the water by electric motor when no wind is available so my solar panels will pump the solution in the sunlight and also charge a battery bank that is dedicated to providing the power to pump the solution when night falls. It will be assisted further by the graphite and magnesium generator that will be hanging over the back of the boat like a rudder. Perhaps ill just build that part directly onto the rudder.. who knows. Point is that im am determined to power my boat, heater, and cooking by the world around me and your clever tricks lol. Thanks so much for everything.

I must say this is as good a cliff hanger as any on the old tube.

Make my day, ty.

Does the strength of the graphene stay the same or is that sheet of graphene able to rip, tear or poke easily?

May the Father's Kingdom bless you Son. Ur a beautiful soul

I really like you show.. keep it up

Hey, To get that thick layer of coating, approximately how much ( in mL) of graphene oxide did you use? I have very limited GO to work with so knowing this would really help me. PS. Great work! :)

As I was thinking how to do the freestanding sheet, you said it. :P

Caustic soda will also eat aluminium but may effect the varnish if too strong.

Wonderful explanation. I had a little trouble with the heavy accent but the illustration and explanation was a good exercise. Discussing the thickness control; is the cross section of thick graphene the same as the single molecule layer, or does the plate become opaque and effectively a solid plate?

This would be a great solution for the sewage infrastructure in Flint, Michigan in concept.

Great video thank you, I hung on every word. Question if you were to use steel wool to sand or rough up the backside of the aluminum , opposite of the graphite layered side, would that increase the surface area enough to create a greater reaction with the acid to produce more of the needed reaction to the graphite oxide?

If you add hydrogen peroxide to the hydrochloric acid, it should speed up the reaction quit a bit. When etching circuit boards, you generally use 2 parts hydrogen peroxide to 1 part hydrochloric acid. It takes about 5 mins to eat all the exposed copper. You could try using 5cm copper tape. You can buy 1 meter of 5 cm copper tape off ebay for about $2 or so. What if you where to coat something hard and smooth like a marble tile with the carbon solution, then after it dries, lift it with very sticky tape, then you would have the layer of carbon with a plastic backing, then you could expose it to laser light. No need for the acid bath.

Badass Detected!

how many layers thick of graphene is this? And also, is there any way to test your finished product to see if it really works as graphene? I researched graphene a little bit, as to know its strength is even harder than diamond. Thanks for answering

Could the sheets be hydraulicly pressed to achieve a much thinner material?

I have to correct you on a minor error, Aluminium foil is shiny on one side due to the manufacturing process (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium_foil) I like how they keep the thickness even too!

Robert - Great content and very practical. Thank you. Is it possible to create a Graphene or styrene foam light and strong enough that it can contain vacuum such that it can be lighter than Air and lift a small payload?

I really like your "bucket and spade" approach! So many high tech high cost methods forget about the basic science to drive innovation (good one!). Any idea how I could make a transparent even layer of graphene onto a glass sheet via your in house methods? ( I used to do this with tin oxide vapor to make home made LCD's)

Hi Rob, have you tried replicating Rice Universities flash graphene method(vaporize trash in vacuum tube). I want to do it to make 3d printing filament

Using the LightScribe method could I substitute Graphite for Graphite oxide in coating the disk or would this result in failure?

Greetings. What if NaOH was used instead on HCl? I recalled NaOH could react well with aluminium, producing lots of H2 gas in the process. Thanks.

Hi Robert Thank you for the wonderful videos. I have watched many of them and have a chemistry lab in my backyard, I believe I have made the sheet Graphene oxide like you showed and would like to use the microporous varnish you used but I am having a hard time finding it where I live. Can you recommend a brand that I can look up. Perhaps I am specifying it incorrectly when I speak to the paint stores. I hope you are well and look forward to learning more from you. You really make a difference. I have learned so much from you. Thank you, Daniel L -From Santa Barbara, California.

I may have hit a wall on the grocery store bags the best I've achieved is between 40 to 60 ohms resistance.

How about pulverising (spraying) the grepheene oxide on the aluminum sheet, would be applied in a thinner layer? Maybe this would give better results

Hi Rob, you look realy chuffed by your discovery... well done, happy for you mate :O) hmm... perhaps even coating final layer with fibreglass resin if people wanted a more rigid version.

When I used to work at Braman BMW, we used to scan papers into the system, and each paper essentially had toner all over it and we would laser scan sheets like literally several foot stacks of paper per day. The area itself would get very hot, but that’s not the point. We were essentially lasering in a carbon compound, and it would accumulate, heat up, laser for 8 to 10 hours, cool down for 8 to 10 hours at hundreds of passes per hour, and you would do that for several months straight After about a month or two, or even three, I would clean the glass, rollers, and other parts that would accumulate it, and I’ll never forget I once cleaned a flake almost an Inch across that was reflective. I never got to check the conductivity, but it Stuck With Me Since 2010. It probably wasn’t very good quality, even so because I essentially was just cleaning off the lasered flakes that accumulated after Millions of passes. looking back, if I ever got the chance, I wish I could just take some of those very same industrial scanners and just try to do it all over again and play with the toner on the paper, using paper or some other medium, or playing around with the glass or anything else that was accumulating it. The downside to it all, is that it took you literally a couple months to produce a few flakes per machine, and you would literally go through reams of paper and toner (Time and Electricity) just to get a solid inch🫤🤷🏻‍♂️

Could you paint the graphine oxide on a silicone sheet or some other surface that it would peel off and eliminate the aluminum?

Thx for that !

could you make a list of ingredients for this. I would really like to make something like this

Thanks for sharing this video! My friend and I are going to be doing a science fair project that involves testing the properties of graphene. We were wondering if it is possible for graphene to inhibit bacterial growth by not allowing bacterial cells to bind? Would you happen to know anything about this?

So. How would you go about ‘plating’ your graphene sheet to the bottom of a glass jar for use as the electrode of a ZnBr2 battery? Just paint in the graphene oxide and treat with HCl?

U have a question if you have a cylindrical Graphite block and use tape on a another Zylinder and roll both would the graphite exfoliate?

What about graphene paint? Or at least for other types of coatings and Impermeability? (Permeability and impermeability) For any pores on this sheet, do you think it’s possible to control the size with any tweaks to the varnish?

Hi there Dr. Murray-Smith, I'd love to try this out - do you still sell GO in solution?

just how rigid/strong do these sheets usually come out (in the process shown here)?

Note a correction: aluminum foil does Not have a coating of plastic. One side is shiny because it is double face rolled to thickness, then split to rolls for sale. The retardation of chemical reduction is due to the surface oxide of aluminum which is an inhibitor of further reaction until broken down. If you doubt this check out Alcoa manufacturing videos.

Jack of all trades master of none

Could the graphene solution be applied using a silkscreen machine more efficiently?

Hi Professor what do think about making water filter from graphene? any suggestion

What uses have you found for Graphene?

impressive as usual, love the vids ty for broadcatsing! i was wondering about your take, on the possibility of making Tin into a graphene like like sheet? the reason is, i was watching somthing about Tin being "theoretically" made into a graphene like latus which made super condctivity at room temp plausible. and if floride or maybee it was flauriene is added, super conductivity at boiling points is mathmaticly possible. i am very interested in your opinion thank you again.

If the dispersion of the graphene is irregular, how well would this work for use as a Faraday cage to shield from microwave (imaging)? I was looking for an alternative to the cost of Y-shield paint or graphene sheets. I think it would be more effective if combined with either copper or silver particulate mixed in varnish, applied afterwards. Although it might be best to forego the reduction of the aluminum; it just isn't aesthetically pleasing.

There's a specific, scientific definition of what exactly graphene is. If it has two layers of atoms, it's not graphene, it's graphite. What you have made in this video is "Reduced Graphene Oxide" which is different from graphene. It will still have oxygen atoms inside, as you said, and is different is other ways. Even if you made a sheet that's free of all oxides it would not be a "sheet of graphene" - because a sheet of graphene is actually by definition a perfect, transparent, two dimensional structure of just carbon atoms in hexagonal shape. (and it's important to see "2D" as a quantum topological property in this case. Not Euclidian. Therefore it is actually correct to say it is 2D.) The thing you have made here is at best a sheet of aluminum coated with a layer of many million small, broken/imperfect, crystals of reduced graphene oxide. You have to understand the definitions. It's science you're trying to do here, probably. Act accordingly. Btw, how can you be sure that you have not been scammed and are using normal graphite powder instead of graphene? Are you testing your stuff?

Does this product, made this way, have a higher thermal conductivity than copper?

Wish I could, but that's not possible right now. When I do make some, I would like to get the most conductive graphene possible, has to be better than silver or its not worth it because I will just use silver then, Do you recommend a process that will make a good conducting graphene, or are all the ways I have to make it the same?

hello, i am curious as to why you do not use a "spin art machine" install the substrate in the machine, start it spinning, put the materials you need to coat with and watch the spinning spread the coating material in a beautiful thin film, lastly wait for the coatings to dry.

I wonder if you use the same technique they use to screen print if you might get a more uniform varnish coat over the graphene?

How do you know the maximum voltage of your homemade capacitors? I want to make some for a project and I want to "fit" as much energy as possible in them! Thanks

Do you think for other forms of graphene production, is it viable to recover any hydrogen that is given off? Or is that just foolish? Could any of the Hydrogen captured go to feeding other processes like flash graphene and hydrogen fuel cells? As far as efficiency goes (besides recovering that heat)

Nice pixelated effect!

You said something about microporous varnish ..Can you create like pores in the Graphene with this varnish ? If not what material would you suggest to create pathways for the H2 in nanopores ? Regards.

Robert, here's the recipe for your next project: "To make the new nanocomposite, the researchers dissolved silkworm cocoons in water to get a solution of silk protein. They adjusted the pH of the solution to be above 10. Then the scientists added sheets of graphene oxide to the mixture along with a drop of hydrazine to reduce the graphene oxide to graphene. The researchers stirred the black suspension for six hours at 70 °C to produce the hybrid nanomaterial." - cen.acs.org/articles/92/web/2014/01/Silk-Fibers-Grow-Directly-Graphene.html

How strong would the sheet be?

So its better to see the video on 144p than 720p 60fps!!!... Well thats strange

Im wondering how strong those sheets are, even if they're thicker than anticipated and are still partially unreacted graphine oxide, they may still have industrial or commercial use due to the flexibility and how easily they were produced.

Are these contiguous sheets the same as the sort you got with the pipe fitting pressure cooker assembly of yours and the kind you get via copper sheets + vapor deposition, IE an A4 sized single molecule with a mollecular weight beyond comprehension, or would it be more akin to dispersing a lump of graphite(lots of micro-sheets) into a sheet? Also, could sheets produced frome a refined version of this process hold up to the metrics normally associated with graphene like absurdly high sheer/torsion/tensile/conductivity/electron velocity strengths?

What about airbrushing the graphene solution on? Surely this would give a thinner more uniform layer?

Could I use this method for a strong sheet. Not used for conducting power

Thanks

How to attach two separate graphene sheets together at certain points only using some masking process which can be removed after joining is 100% robust?

instead of floor varnish, you should try a spray adhesive and a very fine mil plastic sheeting, ie dry cleaner bags is the perfect thickness.

sir, is this the graphemes famous for tensile strength?

Would it be possible to make graphene sheets for water filtration in this way?

what would happen if you attempted to produce the graphene and then desolve both the aluminium and the varnish? I was wondering if I wanted to would I be able to remove some or all of the varnish with a chemical paint/varnish stripper or would this damage the graphene and if so would the use of a different coating that desolves differently be useful to give me the graphene sheet with little or no coating? or does the graphene need the coating to hold together properly?

Best science show not on t.v. I swear you need your own t.v. series more people need to see your work. P.s. what was the resistance of those sheets?

Well I'm sorry if my question sounds stupid however when I can think of is if graphing is to store a high currents then a high resistance basically would mean high battery life I guess I'm just randomly asking Sarah is no big deal

Hello, I am very intrested in graphene material, although I was wondering how could you make graphite oxide, can you make them from graphite present in pencils?

Robert: Can you do a series on making crystal batteries. I would like to see your ideas on the subject. I have been working on some of my own for a few years off and on and currently have one that has been running a LED for over a year and still going. I can short it out for as long as I want and when the short is removed It will light the LED as well as before. Would you be interested in researching and doing such a series? Thanks

also could you possibly show a video on furthering the reduction process for a stronger more pure graphene sheet.reducing out all the graphene oxide.

cool!!! thanks for sharing

If you were to melt a bunch of those graphene sheets together would you get graphite or a graphene plate?