Liquid-Liquid Extraction

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Liquid-Liquid Extraction

Рет қаралды 113,585

Күн бұрын

Separation techniques are important in chemistry, and they won't always be as easy as filtration. Sometimes we need to separate two compounds that are dissolved in the same solution. Often we can take advantage of a difference in solubility or reactivity to perform an extraction. This is where one component is pulled into another solvent that is immiscible with the first, and we can separate the two layers using a separatory funnel. There is a lot to learn to do this efficiently, so let's get a closer look at how to perform this technique!
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Пікірлер: 110

@Kualinar Жыл бұрын

I remember doing liquid-liquid extraction. Our teacher explained how it worked, then, we had a lab to put that in practice. He told us to use the second liquid in three parts. I instead divided my liquid into six parts, and stated that clearly in my report and exactly why I did it. My yield was significantly higher than that of the others to nearly 90% compared to the 65 to 75% that they had.

@AkkaOniVA Жыл бұрын

Did the teacher give you extra points for that? If not, they should have.

@Kualinar Жыл бұрын

@@AkkaOniVA I don't remember. That was about 40 years go...

@AkkaOniVA Жыл бұрын

@@Kualinar Oh wow, scuse me for asking then. That's really cool though!

@matherman1111 Жыл бұрын

I swear reading people's successes makes me feel so good

@eatshitlarrypage.3319 Жыл бұрын

As a long time fan of NileRed, it's cool to learn the more technical aspects of what he's doing. Like this is the textbook portion of the class while he's the demo portion.

@fsdsketching3370 Жыл бұрын

I love this channel,I never questioned your explanation

@IAintGonnaDrawHeliohi Жыл бұрын

That's beginning of blind faith. Trust is one thing but blind faith is dangerous.

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

You can trust what he says but you should always question what he says

@burgruk Жыл бұрын

"Trust, but verify" buddy!

@fsdsketching3370 Жыл бұрын

@@burgruk chill guys am not that dumb 🤦

@BradSchmor Жыл бұрын

I worked as a development chemist and there are some real-world problems that come along with liquid-liquid extractions, some of which can become a serious problem on large scale (12 L - 10,000+ L). Anything bigger than 5 L is too big to shake by hand so you must use an impeller (basically an overhead motor with a long blade to whip the stuff). Emulsions can form which sometimes take hours or even days to break; gentle agitation sometimes helps with that. Sometimes we add salt (NaCl) to the aqueous phase to either help break emulsions or reduce the solubility of organics, especially if the solvent has appreciable water solubility, like ether or ethyl acetate. Btw ethyl acetate remains in wide use in academia, but I promise you- isopropyl acetate is much better behaved in every way. Start using it.

@eatshitlarrypage.3319 Жыл бұрын

Reminds me of what happened to Cecil Kelley. They had a vat of sub-critical plutonium in an aqueous solution that had been sitting for a while, so a lot of the more radioactive material had risen to the surface. When he turned on the impeller, it formed a vortex on the surface, pulling all of that radioactive material down to bottom of said vortex where it reached criticality and absolutely blasted the poor guy with a shitload of radiation. (Yes, Kyle Hill etc. Love me some science Thor.)

@galileog8945 Жыл бұрын

This series is about LAB techniques, not about pilot or production plants.

@BradSchmor Жыл бұрын

@@galileog8945 I'm aware of that. I just wanted to put it out there that this technique as described has some limitations. Emulsions can be a serious problem at any scale

@vedmaburuxova68 Жыл бұрын

@@BradSchmor I remember when I had organic chemistry class some of us managed to make an emulsion doing this and lost several hours waiting for it to fix itself.. Sucked to see the others go, luckily mine wasn't too bad

@kylemoore7746 Жыл бұрын

Kinda fun to be listening to this while writing up validation documentation for Capillary Electrophoresis and HPLC instruments.

@chetanupadhyay8367 Жыл бұрын

I did this extraction recently during my organic chemistry lab... I separate ternary mixture using this technique... Firstly, I dissolved my mixture in ether... Then, the ether insoluble part settles down and ether soluble part dissolved completely in it (two compounds)... After that, I added small amount of sodium bicarbonate in it and there was a precipitate formation... Then, I transferred that solution in separating funnel and there was a formation of two layer... Finally I separated the all three compounds that were present in that mixture... Really, this was a really helpful technique...

@MM-tz3we Жыл бұрын

I am here for Dr Jamal Muhoza!!! well done. Mamello

@urielpolak9949 Жыл бұрын

For all your chemical needs??!! I am happy its a scientist saying this not some random dude on the street

@rosiecesareo8092 Жыл бұрын

So true

@dedlunch Жыл бұрын

You need a business address

@andrewjones6693 Жыл бұрын

Another interesting lesson, Dave! Thanks for identifying the compounds this time! I think it adds to the completeness of the video!

@Pokemonzeldabro Жыл бұрын

This is just the video I needed right now, thanks!

@elliejohnson2786 Жыл бұрын

I always wondered how the two layers are perfectly separated, I thought you just poured out a tiny bit after the first layer was dumped, I didn't know the stop cock actually held that fine line between the layers.

@andrewjustin256 8 ай бұрын

Right! This makes chemistry teeny bit unreliable. This is what I always think like hey how do I add hydrogen ion to a molecule and only to that portion not any other. It pans out that it is about snatching-and-obtaning-one-atom-from-the-other kind of business. And that is why Physics rules Chemistry!

@halimali8132 Жыл бұрын

thank you .I wished explain all methods to purification organic compounds

@frankopahovic9724 Жыл бұрын

You should never evaporate organic solvent outside of a fume hood because many of those are quite flammable.

@yepyep2315 Жыл бұрын

Decantação usa misturas de líquidos-líquidos e usa as propriedades da solubilidade geralmente adicionamos um novo solvente à mistura que só se mistura a um dos dois componentes para separar as camadas usamos um funil de decantação a camada inferior é o componente mais denso, enquanto a superior é o componente menos denso misturamos com movimentos suaves (desenhando um 8 deitado no ar com o funil de decantação) tendo certeza que está bem tampado (coloque a mão na tampa e não aponte o funil para ninguém)

@akshayg4754 Жыл бұрын

Great job mate

@Way345 Жыл бұрын

I would say a great separation technique alternative to energy intensive distillation processes, or at least a great initial step for separations to save on energy costs

@ambarwaleed2750 2 ай бұрын

Sir i have a question? If we simply add benzoin acid in water and extracted in organic layer? Does it work? Or we require methoxy naphthalene?

@agile52 Жыл бұрын

holy cow, I didn't think a forge would be a liquid-liquid extraction, crazy

@ambarwaleed2750 2 ай бұрын

Instead of methoxy naphthalene which compound can be added?

@bonganimondlane2908 9 ай бұрын

Professor Dave for president

@sanskrita4 Жыл бұрын

Thanks! What solvent do we use to separate trialkylamine and dibromoalkane from the product salt? I've tried with DCM but it gets dissolved fully and no two layers are formed for separation.

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

What are they dissolved in currently? Or are these dry salts

@Noldor97 Жыл бұрын

u can try a two phase system like water and diethyl ether or something. trialkylamines are mostly pretty water soluble, the dibromoalkane shouldnt be most of the time

@sanskrita4 Жыл бұрын

@@borttorbbq2556 they are dissolved in acetonitrile

@sanskrita4 Жыл бұрын

@@Noldor97 will water not dissolve my product as well?

@BradSchmor Жыл бұрын

DCM (and chloroform) is notorious for extracting amine hydrochlorides from aqueous phases when you don't want it to. I'm not entirely clear as to why this is (perhaps the ammonium having almost like a hydrogen bond to the DCM chlorine atoms?). You're probably better off with isopropyl acetate or MTBE.

@ZezimaTruth Жыл бұрын

Fisher aka God of Chem Lab

@ahamdomar731 Жыл бұрын

Good dude I'm a pharmacist so useful for me

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

Interesting

@Thaumius Жыл бұрын

Does the way that you hold the separatory funnel while mixing impact the extraction efficiency?

@tomhunt354 Жыл бұрын

Reminds me of how I would helps organic I students as a TA

@eldiablo-yt6089 9 ай бұрын

Lifesaver

@martinarenzi4744 Жыл бұрын

Thank you Prof Dave! In what the extraction in this video is different from cromatography?

@Futt.Buckerson Жыл бұрын

In a pinch I've seen people use the Gatorade sport-cap (twisty spout thing) and bottle, turned upside down, as a sep funnel. But I don't recommend it.

@Max_Chooch 4 ай бұрын

How do you separate 95% ethanol from flavor/smell terpenes? They're pulled out of solution during the solvent reclamation phase of a whole extraction for the purposes of Rick Simpson oil. Asking for a friend 🙃

@JamesVestal-dz5qm Жыл бұрын

Disabling my myu account helped me focus on teaching my k state students.

@slowbro6871 Жыл бұрын

Why are these videos so riveting?

@samuelmarger9031 Жыл бұрын

Not a chemistry student, and damn I want to try and see these steps for myself. (I used to be in a science-focus high school curriculum)

@ahmedmajmaee7755 Жыл бұрын

So with Vaccum filtration of benzoic acid we get NACL on the filter and a liquid which is Benzoic acid ?

@mohamedredhaaidel9943 3 ай бұрын

Hello Pr, i need a reference articles of this video please

@armoireaborila1646 4 ай бұрын

thx

@defeatSpace Жыл бұрын

Is that actually an alternative to Sigma A-holes?

@sevrent2811 Жыл бұрын

why remove the organic layer only to put it right back in?

@waelfadlallah8939 Жыл бұрын

Thanks professor

@sciencenerd7639 Жыл бұрын

this is great, thanks so much

@duarteolim6473 Жыл бұрын

Hello. What if you want the lighter layer? the one that stays on top. And the bottom layer is greasy, stays on the walls and contaminate a little bit the top layer. Normaly i transfer to a graduated cylinder and use a pimpette, is there a better or easyer way?

@sabrinastyblova Жыл бұрын

I would use a pipette to pipette the upper layer out :)

@manodyapalindiweerasoma6150 8 ай бұрын

Thank you very much..🔥👍

@sotecluxan4221 Жыл бұрын

@mycupinpeace7227 Жыл бұрын

A life saver

@keegan6388 Жыл бұрын

Hey Dave, does it ever bother you that your "controversy/drama" content is viewed exponentially more than your tutorials?

@ProfessorDaveExplains Жыл бұрын

Kinda. But whatever, that content also serves a purpose.

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

@@ProfessorDaveExplains so with your series on organic chemistry and your series on regular chemistry which should I watch first

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

@@ProfessorDaveExplains I'm planning on listening to both but I just don't know which one I should start with

@ProfessorDaveExplains Жыл бұрын

General first then organic.

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

@@ProfessorDaveExplains okay thank you Dave

@TasneemOmar-dx9wq 9 ай бұрын

What is the website or tool you use for video

@JamesVestal-dz5qm Жыл бұрын

Jane wissinger engineered it based on my ochem lab technique

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

Would molecular sieves work for this purpose or would they not be selective enough

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

I know that you can use molecular sieves to dry ethanol and other alcohols but I don't know how much use they have outside of that

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

I meant for drying the separated product

@BradSchmor Жыл бұрын

Molecular sieves are used to remove small quantities of residual water from a solvent.

@motionsick 9 ай бұрын

Whats the ESG score of this series?

@rassimsimou1594 Жыл бұрын

Good

@happyandhealthy888 7 ай бұрын

liquid or gel

@niloofarkh4779 9 ай бұрын

wow great

@maximusdecimusaurelius 7 күн бұрын

great

@happyandhealthy888 7 ай бұрын

liquids for erasing small capillaries called spider veins

@carcrashjayson Жыл бұрын

Finally, synthetic watermelon

@strahligefbhv6395 Жыл бұрын

0:59

@flaps805 Жыл бұрын

W/black Dave

@Manimmut Жыл бұрын

Funny Just today our teacher showed us that

@DeconvertedMan Жыл бұрын

if you mixed liquid nitrogen (edit/hydrogen) and liquid oxigen would you get liquid water? :D

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

No nitrogen and oxygen will not produce water

@DeconvertedMan Жыл бұрын

@@borttorbbq2556 what about two parts of liquid oxygen? :D

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

@@DeconvertedMan it would be more likely to produce nitrogen dioxide

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

@@DeconvertedMan not dihydrogen monoxide

@borttorbbq2556 Жыл бұрын

@@DeconvertedMan I don't really know the chemistry of liquid elements when it comes to gases but I mean I would presume the chemistry would still happen or at least would happen at like the surface or something but either way in order to produce water you need hydrogen not nitrogen

@sarahcasm7893 Жыл бұрын

I haven't watched the video yet, but Nernst? :D

@PotatoChips-jy9pk Жыл бұрын

Extract caffeine from caffeine pills and then put it into capsules (500 mg) :D

@neuro-physicstalks450 3 ай бұрын

Advertising thermo-fisher and 'using' a brown skinned student is literally a scam. Thermofisher is famous for its racist attitude when it comes to staffing.

@ProfessorDaveExplains 3 ай бұрын

He’s a chemist with a doctorate, and I don’t know what you’re talking about.