A special 👍 for "Space, the final Frothier".

They have to perform this study at the South Pole to keep that crusty old busybody, Santa, from interfering.

Foam usually forms at the top, so shouldn't they be searching for it up at the North Pole?

I'm glad I will have my wife back. I don't want Taylor Swift and would hate to be stuck without my wife because she became Taylor Swift.

From your wallet-plug, I could see from that shiny SL-card that you had been to Stockholm. It was probably to research the quantum nature of our public transport system. Instead of a collapsing wave function, we have a collapse of our services. It is indeed very random, with a probability of 1.0 for it to happen. Be aware that that blue card is now useless and has to be replaced with a green equivalent which doesn't affect the probability distribution at all. But that €200 bill, may come in handy for that green card to materialize.

2:48 your animation shows that longer wavelenghts would be affected more, the opposite of what you said.

Wavelenghts on the graph are wrong, it should be other way aronud, since more energetic photons are affected stronger, they arrive later. (UV - not red - are slowed the most)

Oh gosh, soon quantum foam will be an option for the fancy drinks at Starbucks.

Last time I wanted to travel back to my home country, I realized I had lost my passport. I found it just a few hours before taking the train, used as a bookmark in a math textbook. I relate...

It would be fun to have a filter that tells us the names of all our fifth cousins. Most of mine are Finnish and so I doubt I'd find a John in there, but one never knows.

the final frothier 🤣

The moving coloured bands (~2:38) are surely the wrong way round. If the higher energy light, with smaller wavelengths, are affected more then the red should be closer to the bands of unaffected light than the violet (red affected less than violet). Or have I misunderstood?

Sabine, I’m a theoretical physicist by training currently reinvented as a software tester (and deeply enjoying it!). The charm of Physics for me was, and still is, in its foundations, in the Old One’s thoughts. Your papers have been for me a big push towards finishing my academic career which I considered to abandon many times because of the business-like direction it was taking. If I still check from time to time what’s happening in Physics is because I hope to step on one new paper by you or by people who still work in the same direction. I respect so deeply your work and you as a person. Wish you the best!

your videos are the best for science news! Keep it up 👍

I love your videos. They are very informative. You do great job. Please keep up the work for us because your viewers love to learn. You are very bright.

Pretty interesting indeed! Thanks, Sabine! 😊 I'm skeptical about this, but hey... Good luck for the team! Anyway, stay safe there with your family! 🖖😊

Your data about the electron neutrino is a bit outdated. The maximum mass of

Thank you for the video.

Thank you very much Sabine, for your presentations which allow all intelligent people who also want to interact, who have their own unique trajectory, who follow you, to be able in turn to find possible interesting and necessary answers and to contribute to finding the Jacobian matrix and the determinant of our universe, us included. In any case, what is good is that there is no obfuscation from ITDpt. For my part, I am convinced that this expedition will demonstrate that quantum fluctuations of space do indeed exist. For having understood the principle extremely well.

The gravitational push of the slange bowl will of course tend to deflect the side Zawicky lever due to left and right rear and front side bars being not equal this theory was first introduced in the 18th century by Angus McFlacherty of Tobrach university.

Incredible work by the team at the South Pole. Eager to see the results of this groundbreaking experiment

It´s even a pleasure to see Sabine´s sponsoring of cool articles. Thx´s for an excellent video update.

Thank you

Thank you !

Thank you for the interesting explanations, as always! ("The reason I'm telling you about this is..."? Sponsoring is no disgrace and does not need to be explained in any other way. Is just because science is based on recognizing facts, reasons and connections... 😊. "Und nichts für ungut.". Good work like yours and your team's should be rewarded. That's why I usually watch the sponsorships, because the algorithm registers it and I think it's good for the channel and your work.)

Great video. I have been supporting a greater role for quantum foam for the last 9 years. Of course the standard model doesn’t support these “crazy” ideas. However I see support for this in some models and unified field models. For example, Dr Finster and his group have made a lot of progress and has many new ideas.

Amazing experiment great lesson......

Hi Sabine, I'm the one who conducted this analysis and wrote this paper at IceCube, and I'm not sure what you mean in terms of this analysis being a calibration step towards the "real thing". This analysis was solely dedicated to searching for decoherence effects on neutrinos with no implications for detector calibration whatsoever. Moreover, our results are now the leading neutrino decoherence measurements by several orders of magnitude, so I would say that we actually accomplished the "real thing" versus this being a test.

What has confused me about the idea of quantum foam is that it would have to be Lorentz invariant, right? An observer travelling at near c relative to the comoving frame would not be able to tell the nearby foam has changed in any way. That seems intuitively wrong, but who knows, because relativity isn't very intuitive for me to begin with. Oddly enough I am in the market for a wallet.. going to check it out.

2:38 - I love optics. This reminded me of the 'polarised barber pole' videos from @3blue1brown, and how chiral molecules 'twist' light over distances. I'd be interested to know how this quantum foam would slow photons of different wavelengths given that frequency doesn't affect propagation speed, just it's angle of resonance _as_ it propagates.

If you just see alot of four digit numbers, something very odd occurs, they all belong to a set. But lets say you want a great TV reception. You must have a ground loop close to the reciever and a sky loop close to the signal. Its theoretically similar for a fractal radio, but you realize the FCC will not allow you to fuze the 10mhz to the 100mhz to the ghz, etc, whatever. Your forced to procure a spectrum under such a control condition that a nuclear missile only grounds regular paying customers. I remember hearing guys say all these 100$ bucks licenses. It couldn't take more than a year to get to Poison. But at 13 decimial places, a signal has a natural barrier, theres is only the direction the antenna was pointing. Its just all those 4 digit numbers. Perhaps you were mark twain & huckleberry fin, its like Star Wars, the empire didn't pay a quintillion dollars. That's why storm troopers get beat up.

I love this kind of ads, that dont really have much to do with the subject of the creators videos. This way the creator doesn't have a conflict of interest regarding the content of their videos. Well done.

What we need is a quantum leap - it's got to be frustrating as hell to have zilch after so many years.

4:44 I'd like to try ice fishing in one of those boreholes

Billions through us every second! Any slight amount of unknown could account for anything.

I have a few videos where I claim Yang-Mills 3D on the x and y plane are at rates of 1/27. 2/3 from the Koide's equation divided by 1/27 is 18, the max amount of electrons in the third energy state.

Can you do a video on virtual particles and the pattern they recombination in can generate a wave, a ripple. Which is movement and the bending of space time ? Thank you

The quantum foam reminds me of Richard Feynman's eponymous diagrams. They describe interactions between two particles as the weighted sum of each of the infinitely many ways that they could possibly interact using "virtual particles" which may or may not exist but are fundamentally undetectable directly. Likewise, the quantum foam may or may not actually exist but I think we need the mathematics of it to refine our understanding of the fabric of space and how things move through it. On a related note... if the quantum foam is experimentally verified, does this give new life to the "tired light" hypothesis (or some version thereof) to explain the redshift of distant objects?

It’s 4 AM, maybe I’m still sleeping, but.. at 2:45, you say higher frequency light is more affected by fluctuations, but the graph shows the violet light arriving first! 🤔🤷🏻‍♂️

I’m more excited about the follow-up experiment to find the quantum beer.

The one thing that has bothered me about the notion of quantum foam is the idea, in my non-scientific understanding, that particle pairs come into existence by borrowing energy from the vacuum. That just doesn't compute for me. On the other hand, if the foam is pervasive throughout space, what differentiates it from the previously debunked aether?

Fascinating. 🖖👽🤨

I would love to just sit and talk to this woman about science for a few hours

0:45 it wouldn’t be so crazy because the differences share with each other. which is why the quantum fluctuations are relative but still potential because the patterns are there but the differences could be far from each other like how galaxy’s don’t form the same in different areas because of the differences. The quantum entangles and the entangled parts reveal a whole like a human or a dog or a rock and then the differences aren’t shared in only one way but the differences can connect and reveal how they connect because they don’t need to know themselves. We are part of the universe but we don’t believe we are the center or all there is even if we can’t see because the future is blurry with differences. The collapse is basically growth but also deconstruction and sharing. Father, son, Holy Spirit thing. Not one but sharing even beyond the triangle and able to expand or devolve and share the differences. That’s why we loop and share so we don’t follow one direction and take or give our pieces away to the ones that take. Same thing religions try to talk about but people just don’t understand or understand it in differences. Like angels and demons but really those are just words that have infinite connections but the differences share like patterns overlayed. Honestly quite scary but not because of an end. The scary part is living and all this that’s being forced upon us by each other and what is to come. It’s looking like we may build a hell first and then grow from our misunderstandings. The real and unreal are not so far from each other and to force us to pay with our lives for portions of reality is disgusting. I understand today’s people and the minds but it’s all manipulation. We are forced into relying and then told we can’t farm or gather and share, we can’t even think without being torn apart by our current reality. Maybe we need this to learn how to share.

when is plausible to have conclusive results of this experiment???

“Quantum foam makes me roam” -Michael Crichton

A new ad! Interesting. I've been using my metal wallet because I'm paranoid about scanners I've learned about at hacker conferences. 😂 Not a great wallet though, so maybe time to replace.

I’m no physicist but my intuition tells me that gravity is an emergent effect, not a fundamental one. So it may not exist at all at the quantum level, it’s gonna be just as hopeless and the search for dark matter. This is my opinion and it’s completely out of left field, but gravity must be correlated with entanglement. It’s like when enough particles are entangled with one another the universe would rather just lump them together, and that correlation between them manifests into a “real” force that’s physically drawing them together at larger scales. It seems like gravity is the result of some sort of conservation law.

Thank you for your wonderful explanations. And the jokes are very good too 😜

I'd like you to do a video on Donald Hoffman and how he believes we already found "things" more fundamental that give rise to Space/Time. The tetrahedron is one such example of those structures

the wallet is actually pretty cool

Ah Sabine, the subject of this episode and indeed some of the others you've done, have been a little challenging for me. Be assured, I will stick with it and will eventually get there. On the other had, I have moved swiftly in securing my new wallet complete with discount. I thank you. 😘😁

Energy doesn't get destroyed, it just gets transferred or pored into other areas.

If an electron (modeled as a classical point like charged particle with a rest mass and not a wave) "fell" into thru and out the other side of a nucleus, then (because it's so light) it would be accelerated to very high (relativistic) speeds. This would cause an additional attractive force between the particles while they are close by (but they would be close by less often due to relativistic inertia). I strongly suspect that this is why electron orbitals are shaped the way that they are. Furthermore, with this new perspective of dynamic inter atomic mass in mind, it makes sense to consider that the same effect might be happening within the nucleons themselves. Instead of quarks being mediated by the strong force, it seems possible to me that Protons and Neutrons are both stable 3 body systems of 1 electron and 2 positions each, where the Neutrons only appear neutral to outside observation due to a statistical effect where the electron is moving the fastest and is the most energetic, effectively "shielding" the inner 2 Positrons. The Positrons being able to work together to pull the captured electron inward instead of pulling it between them like in the Protons would lead to it having more KE on average and thus a higher relativistic mass on average, explaining the Neutrons higher mass. Hopefully, such a perspective would allow a combination of gravity and the electroweak force to explain the strong interactions, as Neutrons would have a outermost electron, and Protons would have an outermost position, making them attractive to one another. Obesrvations of heavier generations of Fermions could be due to post collision transitory nucleon compression storing energy elasticly (and thus slowing down) leading to erroneously attributing the missing energy to higher rest mass particles to avoid violating conservation of energy.

Your sponsor promotions are significantly superior to others. I have been rather indifferent towards sponsorship plugs since I already pay KZfaq for an account that allows me to avoid advertisements. However, your promotions are considerably more unobtrusive compared to most. Your products also appear to be related to items you genuinely support, which, as it turns out, matters to me. Additionally, considering my current requirement for a durable wallet that is less likely to wear out, your promotion has perfectly aligned with my needs.

Probably, we should have more interest in neutrinos. It has many interesting properties that we could use to experiment things.

I dont know how to compare particles with space-dimensions, thats what gravity is about, curvature of space. But, as long as gravity cannot be shielded, it must affect all dimensions, if there are more than 3. So looking for "gravitons" will never be successful, but maybe you find more dimensions. The ones above 3 would be very tiny and enrolled into the 1steins 3 dimensions, this should be the things to look for in the first place.

Sabina still waiting for her superdeterminism machine. Me too, I hope you get it. So lets talk about scale, quantum fluctuations of the foam. So lets first describe the system, neutrinos that go through the earth. The Earth is 12,000,000 meters in diameter, lets just say 1E7. A planck unit is around 1E-35 meters. So the scale of the experiment is 1E42 planck units. Now if nutrinos are going to undergo decoherance traveling through the Earth at something like 1E40 planck time units of 1E42 planck distance unit. One not only expects one event per neutrino, but millions. They should be randomizing, and if they are not randomizing then we probably should conclude thar planck level quantum gravity behavior so fine scale that its not able to affect the coherant state of a particle but only incredibly rarely if at all. I like the quantum foam hypothesis, but it has its limitations, but the key point here is how to fixit so that it works. The LQG people have been working on this for decades. Maybe what they need is a little superdeterminism to get them going.😎

Did you know distance is time? In fact many times…. So d over t disregards light composition as you have many in that particle physics machine as well as along, both the standard model and the tangible ❤

I thought QUANTUM FOAM was that FOAM on top of a mug of BEER. 🍺 So the barkeep can cheat you out of a full mug of Beer.

Hello, Sabine! Can you, please, tell, what do you think about the Bekenstein's ''tabletop'' quantum foam experiment?

I beleive it was a good path, physics needs a critic, remember Kants critique I believe if all areas have that problem, the grant problem, and the accumulation of thesis, all too similar, we have a same point of view of academia Thank you so much I’ve seen all your videos, you rock! Please, could you explain your point of view on the electrical universe, the thunderbolts project???? And do you know something about noumenica and noematica? From a physics perspective?

I thought GRB's were the one strong signal we can calculate when it originated, because of the neutrino-emission arriving hours beforehand?

I didn't understand from your description how the neutrino experiment will change in outcome if there are interactions with the quantum foam.

Quantum Foam: I just like the idea that at the sub-nano (atto?) level there might be complete new layer of physics we have yet absolutely not idea of and just see some of the ripple effects of..

So relativistic QFT says we have quantum foam that affects motion relative to the foam. Which means the foam has a restframe, which means spacetime has a rest frame, which means relativity is wrong …even though this relativistic QFT. See: the quantum aether.

We live in a universe composed of non quantum gravity, space and time with quantized mass and energy embedded in it. Gravity, space and time exist separate from mass and energy and the two cannot be unified.

the fluctuation of the foam stuff has always scared me (that's why I use electrical razors only)

My sense is that gravity is not quantum and is not a force, but is the effect of constant acceleration of all matter into the dimension(s) we call time. I am not a physicist, and have never even taken a physics course. It is just my sense.

Have you an opinion about the graviton-like particle they discovered recently in a semi-conductor in China ?

@5:00 why are they looking from the north to the south? wouldn't it be easier to do the same from the south to the north? surely there is no polarity to the way these particles are traveling? Just a a thought

2:50 should be the other way right ?

Is it possible that "dark energy" is not actually a source of energy behind the redshift, but instead is a diffusion of some sort? If an unknown quirk to gravity (edit: gave it a few more minutes of thought- or light) is that as it ages/large masses spread further apart, it gets weaker, then we would get a red shift if that loss of energy is more than the current force holding the objects together (or our relative measurements of light) This might seem counter to another issue of so much "dark matter" being in the universe. But if that dark matter is actually just an incalculable amount of primordial black holes, could the structure of galaxies also being influenced by the locations of the relative concentration of mass, not just their existence? Maybe the CMB in some way provides a "drag" of sorts on particles/protons but we haven't noticed yet because relativity would keep any changes relative and we have no way to measure that yet?

I was thinkg about this... The problem with gravity is its too weak - so looking for it to marry with quantum theory is impossible as it would be statistically impossible to measure it or see significant deviation from expected values. So perhaps the way is to work backwards from a large object - like a planet - and factor in a value for mass ... then factor in to Avogadros number for atoms in a molar volume to get an atomic gravity factor. If nothing else it'll give the level of variation for the force....

how does the expansion of space affect old neutrinos ? Does it do the same as it does to light , shift the wavelength ?

Are we looking for quantum gravity near the surface of celestial bodies? It spears according to the concept quantum foam should exist at the edges of celestial bodies?

Albert said „Der Alte würfelt nicht“ (God does not play dies). But I guess, he might agree with „Der Alte legte eine Patience” (God puts patience). All cards are on the table. Some of which you can see or have already seen, and others are (if you - as nature always does - follow the roles, simply not or not yet observable to you. You have no chance other than remember as much as you can and calculate probabilities. What now is the difference between playing dies and putting patience? The cards can considered to be „real“, no matter face up or face down. But Alberts dice can’t as long as it is rolling. Besides: If you cut one card into two, both pieces are really entangled. You only need to turn one part face up, to immediately know, what the face of the other part is, wherever it may be. 😢Of course, as always, there remains one small but possibly essential problem: With respect to the measurement-operator, In quantum theory there is only a spectrum of all the possible states observable. Opposed to this, all cards in the stack can be turned face up sooner or later. But don’t let us be too petty: Alberts rolling dice never is in a superposition of the six numbers written on the faces of the dice. It is just unobservably rolling in or outside the cup. I guess, in quantum physics it’s all about resonance. If you doe a measurement with respect to the universe, you get a wave (which you at consider as retarded field); if you measure it with respect to a certain domain, you get something like p a spectrum of a Fourier analysis; if you measure it with respect to a single point, you get an particle. Anyhow, the result of any measurement is a well defined perspective only.

If you think about it, it doesn't make sense for quantum effects to even exist unless the spacetime itself plays a role in them. So the spacetime is equaly weird as the quantum particles, we just don't know how to measure it to show its oddities.

I agree that the correct procedure is to make a theory and then test for the desired outcome. But I have an inkling too many of these theories are bogus (meaning the researchers already know the theory does not work) and just a money gathering exercise to keep these physicists fully funded.

I think if wavelengths are involved at all, they'll observe an ultraviolet catastrophe. But I seriously doubt they'll observe a "foam", but rather, moving beams and random intensities that look more like static than foam ... IF they detect anything quantum at all. My bet is that space is NOT a wavy fabric, but is full of nothing and that any fluctuations are coming from the interactions of large objects (strong peaks) or else every object in the universe (static).

🤔if there a really particles with a wavelength the size of galaxies (as mentioned in the recent 'ghost'darkmatter video, would those cause quantum foam?

3:55 sounds like a hard night of drinking.

Quantum and relativity gravity may be connected through the light speed. If gravity has any relative parameter related to light speed or electromagnetic field they are already connected, just need to find this relationship.

While it's true QM contains all possiblity, but calling the 'fluctuations' is messleading. They are not changes with time, but the superposition of possible states.

Honestly it would be pretty cool to map the core of the earth in real time. It has its own time zone.

I would have thought that if there is any spacetime foam at all it would be on the scale of Planck length, i.e., 1.6×10^(-35) m. So, even for quantum phenomena spacetime should appear perfectly smooth. The question may arise if in the Planck regime "quantum physics" is even applicable. The Planck regime is more distanced from quantum physics than quantum physics is distanced from classical physics.

With all this theoretical quantum chaos, it is a wonder that matter exists at all. But then I remember that mass brings some order to the chaos. Or does it?

Could this theoretically apply to gravitons for quantum gravity fluctuations?

Keeping banknotes in books that you wrote and are sure nobody will ever read is a long standing tradition

In 2:44 she says that the effect would be more noticeable on higher energy wavelengths but the graphic shows red light, with the lowest energy move the slowest. Does that mean that it would speed up light or is this a mistake?

Where do you buy your textbooks? Perhaps there are others with money in them.

OT: Wenn ich das richtig verstehe, dann: to effect something = etwas verursachen (aber man sagt i.d.R.: something is the effect of something else) to affect something = etwas beeinflussen

What happens to both create and dissipate the energy difference between the 3 types of neutrinos?

I think spacetime foam is nutty. As nutty as virtual particles. Or probability clouds.

Thanks, Sabine I laughed out loud at your wife joke and now I'm spending a week on the couch

I wonder if we'll ever know what's going on.

So we have to assume that these particles travel with no state change from fare away but they change when they hit this foam on the north pole? Did I miss something?

It's been my understanding that neutrinos are inert. If we run a neutrino through the quantum foam and nothing changes, is it because the nature of the neutrino or because the foam isn't 'real'?

space time are warped by mass. gravity is an effect with that cause. inertia something you feel when accelerating, same thing. figure out inertia and you have gravity licked

Space is a concept so it does not have any fluctuations since concepts are not objects of physics so they can't have any physical transformations.