sorry Mr. Posner the story about Iranian kids going to fight the Iraqi and walking intentionally with donkeys over Minefield is a fantasy. By the way, I’m a great fan of yours.

There's videos of reports that Russia warned the US to stop trying to expand NATO into Ukraine.They told US they took such action as a direct threat. The secret bio weapons labs Russia found out about was another threat to Russia,

This guy must be smok'n crack...

Werner Herzog's brother!

26:00 The language spoken in Spain is Castellano - the language from Castilla, the kingdom that unified Spain while expelling the Muslims in the late 15th century.

7:30 👏👏👏If Climate Change continues to be treated like it is currently, even if the Chinese make those bases taller, there will be no one to alive to operate them - the sad thing is that there will be no historians either.

45:00 He did not mention Russia's support after 9/11 ... he talks more bout it in the book, though.

38:00 What about ABMs? Was there a promisse to not set ABMs in those new NATO members?

I wonder if Mr. Graham really thinks his description of events is correct, if he's choosing his words carfully given his former position in the US government or if his just lying. 35:08 that was the fundamental and original reason to set NATO up - the lack of trust amont European states was holding the Marshall Plan back and hence NATO was created. The containment function was first PR but later became the only reason for NATO existance.

25:40 From 1991 to 2001, the excess death in the adult population of Russia is estimated to be between 2,5000,000 and 3,000,000 people. I find interesting how that crisis is never described correctly and very seldom mentioned. To know more, look for the book "Taking Stock of Shock".

23:00 The Brady Bill - the program to help Latin American countries to pay their debt also had the goal of guaranteeing the lenders would receive their money back. Because of the Volker shock that started in 1979 and ended only in the end of the 1980s, loans by many Latin American countries acquired by the early 1970s expoded and many countries went bankrupt. by 1980 the FED's interest rate reached nearly 20% and by the end of the 1980s it was around 7%. The largest Latin American economy, Brazil, did not follow the Washington Consensus to the letter, though: there were privatizations but regulation and wellfare state was kept in place and improved. It's interesting that in the PBS three part series "The High Commands", they don't talk about Brazil ...

Mr. Graham, until 18:00, forgot to mention that the US supported Yeltsin's coup. He also forgot to mention the 1990s economic catastrophe that afflicted the whole region - the main reason for the democratic backsliding and the reason why Putin is still supported by a large portion of Russians to this day.

9:20 A couple of days before the invasion, a presentation by the defense oriented institute in Stanford claimed exactly that: Putin wanted to force a new defense framework. For some reason I don't believe Angela Merkel's statement about Minsk to be true - I think she lied on purpose.

57:00 The OSS and DoS did have the correct view about Vietnamese nacionalism right after the war. According to a 1980s PBS series on the Vietnam Conflict, what happened was the European desk took over decisions on SE Asia because they feared communist parties winning elections in France, for instance. (Info comes from interviews with dimplomats who were in Vietnam right after the war).

There was a huge change in US foreign relations after Roosevelt's death, though. Remember that Patrice Lumumba was killed while Eisenhower was president. Some say letting the invasion of Ukraine happen servers a dual containment goal - serves the containment of Russia and the containment of the EU.

Thank you Professor Kotkin. I am learning a lot.

The introduction is all we needed to hear to know this is flat out, bullshit, but amusing bullshit.

Пиздеть не мешки таскать

сотни лет армяне живут рядом с абхазами и западными адыгами.трудолюбивый и гостеприимный народ.к абхазам и адыгам относятся с уважением.

Kotkin is a legitimate historian, who is serious about primary sources. That said, we must question his claim that Russian power will definitely exist in the future. Yes, Russia has collapsed twice and come back twice, but that is no guarantee of future reconstitution. We need to also think about the possibility of a future Russia splintering into multiple, nuclear-armed states.

Brilliant, understanable, coherent, and prescient. What a tragedy that Simoyan or Siloviev wouldn't air Professor Kotkin's lesson !

Brilliant synopsis , now why didnt the more academic types on this topic boil the current situation in Russia basic to power grabs , and of course it had to involve the army

Me see Kotkin, me click.

Stephen Kotkin,s knowledge is amazing👏! 🙏🌷🔥

I can hear the bias in his voice and bias always makes you stupid. You may know more then this guy knows. One year ago he put this out and I would say he is eating shit right now.

It is quite curious the fact that He couldnt define siloviki's main role after affirming several internal structures of power.

Superb talk! Not just for people invested in this historical topic but also as a methodological lesson / tutorial. Personally I feel that the whole "question" is actually two separate, yet combined, issues: Why did the empire of the one party system collapse? Why did the Soviet Union, and the whole "Eastern Block" system disintegrate so rapidly? At least with the 2nd question answer is rather obvious: Both the Eastern block as well as the Soviet Union functioned as a cluster of sovereign states / republics. The Moscow center had to/wanted to (both options are valid for different cases) preserve and work with those political units. Once the central Moscow capital became weak the local forces immediately usurped powers. And this happened even if these powers weren't ethnically homogenous and non Russian. Its a natural tendency of systems. The local branch manager would be happy to become a "boss" and not just an appointed manager, if he feels he can.

Excellent lecture, adding to my knowledge from sources such as Tim Snyder. I was not bored to death at all! Studied 15th, 16th and 20th century European history at school so it's interesting to see those periods in a new light now. Professor Plokhy has authored a number of books, not all of which were mentioned by Dr McGlynn at the start (herself a widely praised author). Sound quality could have been better but as a native English speaker I had no trouble understanding anything

Мялхий, Аьккхий и Кистинцы все чеченцы

You rearranged the chairs on the TITANIC deck...🤣🤣🤣... it's so humorous and deep !!! You are my best Teacher 👍🙏😍

Whatever you agree with Prof Polokhii, he wins my respect by being analytical rather than emotional, as are most Ukrainian diaspora lobbyists

The irony of a guest speaker to a Catholic institution with books on Nietzsche and Marx in the background is not lost on me.

‘Orwell, Graham Greene, and another insignificant Brit.’ I’m tired about equating ‘the west’ with the English speaking world. A corner of the Roman world, the worthless province of Britain, think they are the only heirs of the west and morally superior to the rest. Not my west.

Tx Mark

«Идут весёлые ребята» агентурная работа для создание хаоса в головах кавказцев, от тебя что можно ещё ожидать?В Армении 98%хайев если я не ошибся, после «веселых ребят «

We are not going to kill Christians for a bunch of global bankers with friends in the media.

Very nice interviewer, calm and patient, nice voice and language

"IMF, Jeffery Sachs... Let's just leave it at that..." What's a matter Steve? Can't say _George Soros_ ? 😁

Spreading Ukrainian propaganda.

Mr. Kotkin. Ive spent 3 years trying to get from 7 year war to yesterday. Thanks for organizing our thought. I probably could not have

Чечня Дагестан Ингушетия Кабардина балкария Адыгея Черкесия Осетия , все остальное не является Кавказом

My dictatorship country, the United States, banned Russian tv. So I’m glad to hear from Vladimir pozner.

завтра с ней экзамен

С каких пор сикимдырян стал кавказцем им далеко быть кавказцами они всю жизнь кочуют.

It is so unfortunate to find these videos without English subtitles. Please do something for this. So , researchers interested in Russian history and foreign policy can get benefit from it.

🇷🇺👍🇦🇲 Кавказский татари так называемый азербайджанцы тебе не пускают в азербайджан потому что они кочевники сами всего существует около сто лет , получили от большевиков квартиры зашли и закрылись в нутрии и боятся открыть двери , потому что пришла время что скажут всё хватит, жили больше сто лет, тепер освободите квартиру здесь будут жить другие люди , вот почему везде и повсюду на территории так называемый азербайджана крепко закрыт двери , но это временно, хозяева придут за квартиру, не смотря что улыбаясь обнимаются и целуются .

Блин так тяжело слушать. тем более что вместо исторических ссылок сноски на какие то фильмы ,шабашники,рынок.

If it was a conflict between Russia and Ukraine, it would be over at least one year ago. The problem is - Russia's fighting against the US' assertive power that lately has become too assertive and now poses a real danger. Dominic should wake up a little from the Napoleonic wars, here it's totally different time and a different reality.

Disagree on many points. Some facts are wrong. But the lecture is interesting. Thanks!

Remark: Soviet Union edned up in Dec 1991