Learn how to perfect the technique of one of the most common core exercises, and the best way to do it! Muscles worked: abs Instructor: Dr William Fotherby Model: Holly Boyd
Пікірлер: 924
@Zak1The16 жыл бұрын
I was looking at the comments and already love this channel U respond to every question u properly explain in the video and in replays and this channel is just an all rounder Thanks for the help
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Hi Zakwan - thank you so much for your very kind comment (it is definitely one of our favourite comments of all time!). We are planning on filming new content in the new year, so let us know if there is anything in particular you would like to see! :)
@Zak1The16 жыл бұрын
Ayyyyy u pinned my comment THANKS CANT WAIT WHEN U HIT 1 MILL SUBS xD 👍👍👍
@paullesieur1476 жыл бұрын
This is just superb, I been tryin to find out about "good sit up" for a while now, and I think this has helped. Ever heard of - Bondraw Firm Ferriferous - (just google it ) ? Ive heard some amazing things about it and my friend got amazing results with it.
@harmonymatthews8214 жыл бұрын
Zak1Da1_ KZfaq you. and. mum. he. ir. amaze
@josem75904 жыл бұрын
fortnite bad minecraft good
@sumayyahfarooq33496 жыл бұрын
I have been doing sit ups thinking they were crunches for weeks lol
@sadiyakalam43056 жыл бұрын
Sumayyah Farooq same here 😅😅😅
@Spvcedrifta6 жыл бұрын
Sumayyah Farooq same LMAO
@cloudy56075 жыл бұрын
Same
@mindbreaker99214 жыл бұрын
Im the opposite lmao
@ChelseyEasley4 жыл бұрын
Same lol
@halojames77786 жыл бұрын
I thought crunch is sit up. I see.
@Aki-km6tt6 жыл бұрын
Halo James same. good video
@pradyumnsh046 жыл бұрын
Halo James mee too
@samanthadinkel12236 жыл бұрын
Halo James samee
@Maria-jr3lt6 жыл бұрын
Halo James same
@amymurray72976 жыл бұрын
same
@mikelyons82886 жыл бұрын
IMPORTANT - Breathe in through your nose on the way down. Breathe out at the top.
@potgg72576 жыл бұрын
MIKE LYONS why
@potgg72576 жыл бұрын
el1xs brxndt oh didnt know ty
@Elias-jn1es6 жыл бұрын
potgg np I'm always there to help
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Hi Potgg, Mike Lyons is correct, you want to breathe IN during the downwards phase and breathe OUT during the upwards phase. We have a video explaining this and talking through breathing when you exercise: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/brGkatmrucqZk6c.html Hope you find it useful!
@potgg72576 жыл бұрын
Get Exercise Confident thanks
@bbcleland4 жыл бұрын
I followed the instructions of the crunches and was able to do 50 reps at once. It really hurt but felt very good. This was really helpful 👍👍
@purabus54502 жыл бұрын
i am doing 300 crunches a day wbu?
@treegoat50692 жыл бұрын
@@purabus5450 have you got a six pack yet
@purabus54502 жыл бұрын
@@treegoat5069 not yet
@treegoat50692 жыл бұрын
@@purabus5450 you’ll get there (as long as you do some cardio as well)
@hjalte23342 жыл бұрын
@@treegoat5069 Getting a six-pack has nothing to do with crunches or sit ups really, you can strengthen your muscles yes. But a six-pack is gained by lowering fat percentage (burn more calories than you intake)/ better diet.
@Akash-qf2yn4 жыл бұрын
The trainer is so gentle :). It helped me understand better
@Leonard_Wilson2 жыл бұрын
This was bloody helpful. I never realizes that I was doing crunches incorrectly until Holly demonstrated the correct way to do it.
@thebanman229328 күн бұрын
Bri'ish lol
@laughysophie88186 жыл бұрын
Didn’t realize there was a difference 👀
@OneandonlyKiwi5 жыл бұрын
I just realized i was doing wrong crunches my whole life
@roboot90014 жыл бұрын
F
@brutalblizz4 жыл бұрын
f
@thebatman42794 жыл бұрын
F
@StrawberryDuck54 жыл бұрын
F
@ly83703 жыл бұрын
F
@thebooger_boy40023 жыл бұрын
Thanks for making this video. I didn't really know the difference between the two. And now I know that sit-ups aren't good for you, so I'll just do more crunches to compensate.
@dancingo4th10 ай бұрын
Thank you being succinct and not blathering on about unrelated subjects. Subscribed.
@biancailijah60684 жыл бұрын
Thanks for this! Now I can see there is a huge difference between a crunch and a sit up and now I'm going to do crunches only!
@GetExerciseConfident4 жыл бұрын
Thanks for great feedback Bianca!
@DNFAn246 жыл бұрын
Awesome explanation! I always wondered what the difference is and now I understand that as well as what they do for you. Thank you!
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much for your positive feedback Rayne :)
@GianEditss Жыл бұрын
I usually skip this part
@bestevil.Ай бұрын
XD
@Papa_Murphyyy4 жыл бұрын
Question: which exercise is better? False: Black bears
@GetExerciseConfident4 жыл бұрын
Bears beets battlestar galactica
@deepaligupta49384 жыл бұрын
Michael!!!
@morgaaaaaa4 жыл бұрын
this was amazing
@pranjalipethkar40264 жыл бұрын
@@deepaligupta4938 Jim.
@durrrrburger4 жыл бұрын
IDENTITY THEFT IS NOT A JOKE JIM!
@ecapone43893 жыл бұрын
I love right off the bat videos, keep up the great content❤️
@clarkdylan26073 жыл бұрын
I always got yelled at for doing crunches instead of sit-ups in gym :/ I'm glad I never listened to them
@Shxxaphrodith3 жыл бұрын
I love this channel, you just explain everything that I've done wrong since I just watched instruction from youtube, thank you.
@GetExerciseConfident3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the lovely feedback Ditha! Keep us updated on your progress.
@cheriegrieco83476 жыл бұрын
I really love this exercise
@golagaz3 жыл бұрын
Excellent explanation. Brilliant! Thank you.
@C.J.J.R Жыл бұрын
I search for this because I am getting hip back pain for sit ups. Thank you for the proper crunches tips and techniques. :)
@C.J.J.R Жыл бұрын
Progress: I just made 200 crunches in 1 day. Great exercise to core. :)
@ghostparty2062 Жыл бұрын
Awsome 👌 I'm just about to give crunches a try as pretty much any core exercise causes me lower back pain. Hoping this helps.
@reeeeeeeeee71924 жыл бұрын
Is it just me that smiled a little when he said bum. Idk why I did tho 😂
@redyar17504 жыл бұрын
Me 2
@bzchii74743 жыл бұрын
Omg he said bum😂🤣😂🤣😂🤣😂🤣😂🤣🤣🤣😂😂😂😂🤣🤣
@shabeo3 ай бұрын
It's the accent
@marthatorres35263 ай бұрын
It's been a while since I've done crunches and as I suspected I was doing them all wrong. Thanks for the video! This helped alot.
@garydodd28373 жыл бұрын
Thanks for this, i hav always had a problem doing sit ups, thought the crunch was inferior but i from what u hav explained i guess not, will try them, thanks..
@pureandsimple53015 жыл бұрын
i subbed cos this channel kindly responds every questions =)
@GetExerciseConfident5 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much Amsyong! We will be filming new content soon so let us know if there is anything you would particularly like to see :)
@deedeeGM6 жыл бұрын
Thank you for this demonstration, definitely cleared it up for me :)
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your feedback Dee, it is much appreciated :)
@GuitarBeginners Жыл бұрын
wonderful explanation , very few explain in such an effective manner. Appreciable...
@terragaia864 ай бұрын
This is so helpful. Thank you!!!
@Rickeeey15 жыл бұрын
Crunches always confused me although I have a better grasp of how the exercise is done now. What I'm still not sure about is the part of tightening the muscles when going up and I'm not sure if I do it correctly and it also seems I can't go as far up as was shown in the video, I only lift a bit up from the ground (either because I'm doing it wrong or maybe I'm just not strong enough).
@jommasaksimple..33962 жыл бұрын
seriously this is the best explanation in details for crunch and situps i've come across. Thank you so much for the video. Kudos!!
@GetExerciseConfident2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the amazing feedback Jom!
@chaimingyang5706 Жыл бұрын
Thanks a ton, It's been informative!
@iiambalee3 жыл бұрын
Thankyou so much , I am getting better as more of them .
@GetExerciseConfident3 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much diorr!
@arpitkumar45253 жыл бұрын
Quick and to the point. Great!
@glydelol3 жыл бұрын
i’ve been doing sit-ups this whole time and was struggling and my pe teachers never said anything
@sardorbekomonkulov63793 жыл бұрын
You trust your PE teacher??
@ThunderStorm_35 жыл бұрын
Thanks guys. It helped me a lot....🤘
@Liquidcadmus4 жыл бұрын
Perfectly explained, short and clear.
@thekekwguy57224 жыл бұрын
If it feels like it's stretching your stomach does that mean it's working?
@GetExerciseConfident4 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the great feedback Liquidcadmus!
@artyomarty3915 жыл бұрын
i usually do 30 sit ups. Now I tried these 30 crunches. My core hurts more with the crunches but with the sit ups I feel like its more aerobic cuz usually I start to breathe heavily as if I ran 100 meters but the reason I dont like sit ups is because when you do them a lot they become worse for your bones and joints
@puertoriconnect46114 жыл бұрын
Now here’s a man who’s taken more than a just a day trip round The Crunch.
@mayam48303 жыл бұрын
you know nothing of the crunch!
@jasomega2446 Жыл бұрын
Thank you for the information.
@aquamarinemintakangoddess90734 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for the I fo and tips to correct. Very quick and helpful video
@GetExerciseConfident3 жыл бұрын
You are so welcome Jhoselyn!
@basedcataphract58524 жыл бұрын
I've been doing crunches thinking it was a sit up my whole life
@chrislandsmith22606 жыл бұрын
THIS MAKES SENSE😱
@aldinhernandez51967 ай бұрын
Plain and simple I like this
@wolfeloma4 ай бұрын
beautifully demonstrated
@sisterspoof235 жыл бұрын
i feel like i can do a million sit ups but not a single crunch
@RogueIRL235 жыл бұрын
I feel like crunches are easier
@Simon-bu4kc3 жыл бұрын
then u either mixed them up or you are doing the sit-up wrong ;)
@Gl-my8fw3 жыл бұрын
@@Simon-bu4kc no....situps are way easier and less useful
@Simon-bu4kc3 жыл бұрын
@@Gl-my8fw not if you do them the right way. or let's at least say it depends on the kind of sit-up and the kind of crunch you are comparing
@jessicajessi96744 ай бұрын
Damn situps are tough for me
@healthi58394 жыл бұрын
As a personal training and sports therapy channel, 8 couldn’t agree more with this, everything thinks sit ups are best but your really just exerting more energy and not getting any more benefit from the top part of the sit up!
@GetExerciseConfident3 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much Healthi, great to have feedback from another exercise specialist!
@xtremepainful3 жыл бұрын
Amazing, thanks mate
@johng5295 Жыл бұрын
Thanks in a million. Awesome.
@LuciferFallen_312 жыл бұрын
I've been doing crunches in p.e on accident...- when I don't want to finish my sit-ups, I barely do them- and it was exactly like a crunch- no wonder I didn't get in trouble
@iam_destroyer Жыл бұрын
I always felt like crunches were better because I just felt it way more and there was no extra movement to go all the way up. I would always do sit-ups tho because it was more popular up and it was introduced to me first.
@6171boots9 ай бұрын
Very helpful, thanks!
@maygunhance8822 жыл бұрын
Well here goes. In love with these videis
@kelu54394 жыл бұрын
I’m gonna do 50 crunches each day for 3 days Edit: Well it formed my abs a bit but I will try more days
@gidd3 жыл бұрын
how did it go?
@tatendatz73403 жыл бұрын
You good bro? You still alive
@Akash-cm5yo3 жыл бұрын
Does anyone feel a bump near lowet back while doing crunches ?
@smokeshawt77503 жыл бұрын
@@Akash-cm5yo no but that could be cancer
@arpitkumar45253 жыл бұрын
@@Akash-cm5yo Yes I can feel my spine. My spine protrudes a little cause of my years of bad posture.
@scottywhitis62156 жыл бұрын
I subbed because this is a really good video
@malteserb18756 жыл бұрын
Same haha
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much Scotty Whitis and Amy Briffa - its brilliant to hear your great feedback and that you have subbed :) If there are any more exercises or videos you would like to see let us know as we would love to hear!
@moh57411 ай бұрын
Thanks for sharing! 🙏
@beastafdude3 жыл бұрын
This is so INTERESTING
@williamwiggins66906 жыл бұрын
That was a very good video, I'm trying to get in shape so I can enlist and I just couldn't figure out why crunches sucked so freaking much, turns out I was going too high, bending my neck too much, not supporting my head, and not controlling my descent lollll. Thanks
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your kind message William - so pleased to hear that the video has been helpful, and great summary of the key points! Best of luck getting in shape and enlisting!
@crispychris91585 ай бұрын
Do not enlist bro🙏😭
@MinxyKitty4 жыл бұрын
this was very helpful i had no idea that there was a difference in these two exercises. i hope that with this knowledge i can start doing proper crunches and maybe my tummy will start to look less like a potato lmfao!
@carmillaaa4 жыл бұрын
This trainer is so supportive
@GetExerciseConfident3 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much Grace!
@saneleskhosana18504 жыл бұрын
This was very helpful!!
@GetExerciseConfident3 жыл бұрын
Thanks Sanele!
@PlumERia-qs5wk2 жыл бұрын
I feel so relieved thinking I don't need to go all the way up anymore...
@Bot-ob1yg Жыл бұрын
Fr too hard
@Smokey44626 жыл бұрын
Are the crunches equally good for upper, mid and lower abs or do they focus on just one area? What other exercise do you recommend for bringing a big gut under control?
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Hi alias dak, thanks for your great question. The main muscle worked during the crunch is the rectus abdominis - the muscle that is known to make up the 'six pack'. What is really interesting about the rectus abdominis is that although it looks like multiple muscles, it is actually just a pair of muscles that run down in parallel from the bottom of your rib cage to the front of your pelvis. These two muscles have multiple horizontal 'tendinous intersections' which give the appearance of there being 6-8 separate muscles - but they are actually just a pair of continuous muscles. Therefore, whenever you do a crunch you are working the whole of rectus abdominis and not one particular area (it is impossible to work only a part of it, just like when you do a bicep curl it is impossible to work only part of the bicep). You can feel this for yourself by putting your hand on your lower abdomen whilst you crunch - you will feel the lower part of the rectus abdominis contracting. In terms of reducing the size of your stomach - exercises such as the crunch and the plank (kzfaq.info/get/bejne/bLKhpMhz2azSaYE.html) are great for strengthening your core, but the best way to lose weight is through a combination of: 1) Cardio training (in particular interval training is very effective for weight loss). 2) Healthy diet (avoiding processed and sugary foods). 3) Resistance training (science shows that resistance training helps lose weight). We've got some really good circuits on our channel which combine the cardio with resistance training, so feel free to give those a try: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/btSngriaya_bl5c.html Hope that helps and please let us know if you have any other questions! And make sure you let us know how you get on :)
@GauravYadav-ho7pz4 жыл бұрын
Thank you!
@xornedge82043 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much.
@vioIetee3 жыл бұрын
dude i just start doing them today and i already feel like giving up lmao
@tobilogun89913 жыл бұрын
I was today years old when I learnt sit ups & crunches aren’t the same thing 🤯
@Somerset-In-The-Blood2 жыл бұрын
Wow this will be better for me to do as I have long-term lower chronic back pain I can't manage sit ups it hurts to much.
@elhamhussainemy51164 жыл бұрын
Hi. I had a silly question regarding workout in general. I've been working out for a week now and it's already taking me half the time to do the exact things I was doing at the beginning of the week. Does this mean I'm getting stronger or am I doing something wrong? And your video gave me useful insight, so thank you!
@GetExerciseConfident4 жыл бұрын
Hi Elham - thanks for your great feedback. The speed of the crunch should stay the same - as you need to be doing a controlled movement in order to work the abdominal muscles effectively - (as if you go too fast you will be using momentum instead). However, if you are doing it quicker because you don't need to rest as much between crunches then this means you are getting fitter. Keep up the great work and let us know if you have any other questions. The GEC team.
@urmomjokesRfunny4 жыл бұрын
Thank you for explaining so well
@GetExerciseConfident3 жыл бұрын
So pleased to hear you found it useful Storm Willberg!
@waluigihentailover69262 ай бұрын
Thank you! Now I know.
@monamody53733 жыл бұрын
Is it only me that though situps were squats 😂
@doshi123453 жыл бұрын
No even me
@dash2k8gmail6 жыл бұрын
Why did the girl swing her arms up during the sit-up? That's not how you're supposed to do it.
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Hi Jesse Lee, thanks very much for your question. With CRUNCHES we agree that it is important to keep your hands by the sides of your head. However, all variations of Sit Ups have negatives and therefore it doesn't really matter whether the arms swing or if the hands are by the side of the head. Negatives of Sit Up variations: a) Swinging the arms: you will rely more on momentum and therefore will not work your abdominal muscles as effectively. b) Hands by the side of the head: you will not use as much momentum, but will engage your hip flexors more, resulting in tight hip flexors, which are not only uncomfortable but also can have a negative effect on posture and are associated with an increased risk of groin strain. This is why CRUNCHES are much BETTER than any variation of Sit Ups - as they work the abdominal muscles more effectively and do NOT tighten the hip flexors. Hope that makes sense, The Get Exercise Confident Team
@user139766 жыл бұрын
Jesse Lee yesssssss i agree
@CommonCrater5 жыл бұрын
I was also confused.
@ItzMidnighti5 жыл бұрын
Jesse Lee same
@Candy124385 жыл бұрын
Yea
@siddharthasrivastava64354 жыл бұрын
Thanks..its quite informative video
@benmayo72206 жыл бұрын
thank you very much!
@cassandrakemara87552 жыл бұрын
thank goodness because i cant do a single sit up
@varence70076 жыл бұрын
i can feel i got pretty solid abs coz ive been doing 100 sit ups everyday but i still have fcking baby fats. gdi
@juanjimenez-garcia97736 жыл бұрын
Crunches don't burn fat they only build muscle.
@thelegendaryone45666 жыл бұрын
Do cardio
@pilovwithketchup5 жыл бұрын
Keep doing sit ups until you see your abs trough your fat
@lettimtt81895 жыл бұрын
Tooo😂😫
@SocialistFinn15 жыл бұрын
burning fat and building muscle are separate things. Do cardio if you feel that you have muscles but still too much fat.
@josephchristopherlewis602010 ай бұрын
Awesome sauce 👌
@nsbr62 жыл бұрын
Hey great info 👍🏻 thank u 🙂
@nightflashnfh1476 жыл бұрын
I don’t know why but my body keeps shaking when i do crunches..am i doing wrong?
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Hi NightFlash, two questions: 1) Does the shaking start straight straight away or after a couple of crunches? 2) During which part of the crunch is your body shaking (up, down or both)?
@nightflashnfh1476 жыл бұрын
Get Exercise Confident 1) it start straightaway sometimes but after a couple of crunches it starts shaking 2)down
@user-ly7rg3ll4o6 жыл бұрын
My abs shake when I do the crunches after few times but I guess that's because the body is not trained yet. It's like when I first started weights my arms would shake because I was building the muscle, but it no longer does. Now I'm focusing on my abs and in my situation, it's just that I am trying to gain and define those muscles.
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Hi Nightflash - the going down part of the crunch is actually the hardest part of the exercise (when done correctly with control). So if you have a bit of shaking just with that part then that's ok. You should find that as you get better the shaking will take longer to come on. Hope that helps and let us know how it gets on!
@nightflashnfh1476 жыл бұрын
Get Exercise Confident i see, i shall take your advice then. Thank you for the info and help
@Koops22456 жыл бұрын
Thanks for this, you've saved me some grief~!!
@samriddhi13893 жыл бұрын
Thanks!!
@johngallagher435 жыл бұрын
I've been doing it wrong then, still feel the pain but I'll do it right now.
@GetExerciseConfident5 жыл бұрын
Hi John, have you found the new technique has helped now?
@myththanatos60825 жыл бұрын
Is it okay if someone is supporting you while doing crunches? (If somebody is stepping or sitting on your feet while doing a crunches)
@barrywilson62625 жыл бұрын
Yes it is but you shouldnt because you would get to reliant
@GetExerciseConfident4 жыл бұрын
Hi Thanatos, if you find it more comfortable then yes its fine.
@rawanalhamwi75122 жыл бұрын
My whole life I thought they were the same exercise but ppl use diff names
@fanaltarbia5194 Жыл бұрын
Short, effective, straight to the point, no b$$ 👍
@sofiapastor63695 жыл бұрын
Please make a video explaining how to do crunches without hurting your neck. I’ve always tried crunches my my neck ends up hurting
@gisellez4 жыл бұрын
wow I have been doing crunches wrong this whole time.
@megganbeck67726 жыл бұрын
How do I keep my feet on the floor ? They always come up when I engage my core because I’m very weak. Maybe I should put my feet under something?
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Hi Kittyin - thanks for your question. We would recommend that you avoid putting your feet under anything - as this will actually result in your hip flexors working more (and therefore your core muscles less). We would recommend that instead you put your feet up on something (like a chair or bed) with your knees bent at a right angle. This will work the abdominal muscles just as well - so give it a go and let us know how you get on!
@megganbeck67726 жыл бұрын
Get Exercise Confident thank you so much! Omg I can really feel my core working hard. Lifting my legs in the air has been perfect for me!
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
SO pleased to hear this helped Kittyin! :)
@harmonymatthews8214 жыл бұрын
Kittyin Indy 😍😘
@harmonymatthews8214 жыл бұрын
o
@aratisamaddar30966 жыл бұрын
Nice guide
@whovian54784 жыл бұрын
this helped a lot ty
@GetExerciseConfident3 жыл бұрын
So pleased to hear!
@asinglepieceoflettuce39384 жыл бұрын
That's a big oopsie from me, didn't know the difference
@iwasanMBTInerd6 жыл бұрын
Crunches hurt my knees to bend them. Is this a problem?
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Hi Isaac, if the crunch position is hurting your knees then another option is to do the crunches with your feet up on a chair. You might find this helps take the pressure off. Let us know if it works!
@Arbaeel6 ай бұрын
Thanks❤
@varshikvallala96106 жыл бұрын
Superb explanation 😍😍
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much Valalla!
@sufiyansaiyad92595 жыл бұрын
My height is 5 feet weight is 57 kg How many cruches i should do to reduce belly fat
@lautarodiaz52005 жыл бұрын
Good nutrition
@battub73845 жыл бұрын
Have a healthy diet...
@GetExerciseConfident5 жыл бұрын
Hi Sufiyan. Lautaro and Princexedrhic are both correct - crunches alone won't reduce stomach fat. The best way is a combination of cardio training (eg running /swimming / football), resistance training (eg squats / lunges) and healthy nutrition (low sugar diet). Try giving one of our circuits a go (which combine both): kzfaq.info/get/bejne/btSngriaya_bl5c.html Let us know how you get on!
@perpetualconfusion58855 жыл бұрын
500 a day.
@Retalak4 жыл бұрын
Good thing I can just do these instead. Situps were seriously injuring my tailbone even with padding.
@1anushka11a73 жыл бұрын
Thank you nice video
@Teller34483 жыл бұрын
Even better if one does NOT hold the head with the hands. This strengthens the front of the neck...very important and overlooked.
@0miral5 жыл бұрын
I have literally started working out yesterday and my stomach still hurts
@deekk29956 жыл бұрын
Helpful video.. Keep it coming...but need bit more explanation.
@GetExerciseConfident6 жыл бұрын
Thanks Dee KK! Please let us know what you would like more of an explanation of?