This is one of many differences between the realm of glass like the lab shown here and the realm of steel. When you've got thousands of barrels going through each day, you optimize the heck out of every part of the process you can identify. When you've got a liter a few times total, you're just happy to have a fractioning column ahead of your condenser and have that even approximately work.

Yeah industrially these processes are way better (as they should), they also have the added benefit of having a fractionating column that is maybe 50 meters high :')

@@Chemiolis Yeap, but it is sometimes not about size but amount of theoretical plates (TP). I am curious how many this vigreux column have. More or less from what I remember, one bubble plate (with is 1 TP) equals more or less around 10-8 cm of packed column (like copper or stainless steel kitchen scrubber) and for rashig rings it is a little more length. If someone have some references about it, please correct me, my memory could be better XD But it was very nice distillation. Anything interesting in diesel or not really?

@@Chemiolis And basically, what you've effectively done, is subdivided just one of those commercial columns... Makes you wonder what the total diversity in crude really looks like

yeah bubble caps etc...had me interested in that when I was about ten, so I read all I could, now I'm 52, I have distilled a lot of things in my work as a lab tech, but I have never distilled petrol, would interesting to know how much 2,2,4, trimethyl pentane is in your sample

In Eastern Europe organized crime buys up untaxed cyclohexane posing as a nylon or pharmaceutical company then dilutes petrol-gasoline with it because of the high tax on gasoline. Ironically it damages the engines if high perfornance german luxury cars (that are own by other mobsters and their molls)

where u want to work after getting your doc? Research or industry? Many specialty companies looking for organic chemists

don't lie you are highschool dropout.

I bet your parents change the subject when people ask about you

مرحبا كيف حالك

How was your great great grandfather called?

No, oil is awesome, you should be proud

Kerosene

@@TheGrimCrim Weird take

In this weird patent system of world no one know where oil pump started first or first commercial refinery builder came from. So anyone can't claim anything without proof😢

مرحبا اريد مساعدتك في امر ما

I'd hope you would have a lab class where you do distillations

I’ve read about that too. An interesting aspect was analysis by geography, because unleaded gasoline was mandated in some states earlier than others. I cringe a bit when I think about the traces of past chemistry and physics left in my body. Lead from gasoline & paint, fallout from above-ground nuclear testing, DDT, more PTFE related stuff than I can remember. I remember schools collecting baby teeth when I was a kid to measure the amount of strontium-90 from testing fallout. With a half-life of 28.79 years, it’s mostly gone, so yay?

@@firstmkb gamma spectrum off test-era enamel can yield your age when compared to a curve of spectra vs year.

My understanding is, that unleaded gas is made by processing the gasoline in the "reformer," which converts the straight-chain alkanes into branched-chain ones. They form free radicals more easily, which is what the TEL used to do.

"binge watched"? How about you learn some self control?

Reminder that Nigel also has the channels NileBlue and "NileRed Shorts" (Which often upload what I call "longs" i.e. >60s). And of course, there's NileGreen.

@@mfaizsyahmi I despise shorts, and don't really find the "blue" channel to be the same. If he won't upload, I don't have any reason to follow.

Unsubscribed from Nile. This channel much better. Shorts are just re edits of old videos

The full smell is definitely a blend, but more volatile low boiling compounds contribute a lot more. I think the first fraction smells the most like gasoline, some are much nastier.

Great question I wondered the same👍

cyclohexane is "gasoline smell" - very distinctive.

cant you weld up some 55 gallon drums end to end and make a refinery out of that?

@@Chemiolis please please please tell me where you obtain the Square Amber Media-Reagent Glass Bottles you where using to store your distillates, I have been searching for them for so long and havent found a source yet....thank you so much!

Failure to do so is simply a Darwin award... In which case the loss isn't great.

@@MadScientist267 true sadly there are a bunch of idiots on this world and stuff like that does happen often lol

don’t do this. very flammable dangerous

@@technophant Why? Can't you see we have a population problem? 🤣

Brilliant

There was a labjack under it as well but it was so high i had to resort to some special method🥴

Thanks for the ideas, i tried to keep it as accessible as possible since chemicals like KMnO4 are very regulated and difficult to obtain. Though, i personally have no issues getting it, so perhaps i will try this off cam sometime :-).

@@Chemiolis Actually in EU getting KMnO4 is like filling one (actually half) page of paper with your ID data,amount bought and usage. Educational / hobby chemistry is quite a good usage if you order small quantities (

How would one build a more industrial style fractionating collum inexpensively for a more continuous prossess of purifying pyrosis products?

​@@petevenuti7355 It depends on definition of "inexpensively"... Actually if I'd be required to make such column I would go for SS304 (or copper) pipe and sheet but I doubt if that's "inexpensive". Especially with current SS3XX prices... If I remember well TechIngredients have a still with semi-industrial column which looks kinda similar to refinery ones, however it's single-output. Alternatively you can do a multi-stage distillation where temperature goes lower and lower with each stage (actually this is easiest way to do so if you own quite a bunch of glassware or [oxipropnane/oxiacetylene] torch).

@@TitanumIchigo my skills with a torch and glass have much -not- to be desired. Heck, I can't even respond to the weird looks like get when I tried... by saying that it's art. The people with that skill are true artists, it's just functional art.

He’s boiling gasoline. Don’t mention explosion. 😜

@@DrFiero LOL! He didn't mean literally.

That is some serious confidence in your rig... one teeny tiny leak and it's bad news. Glad it ended safely for you.

I've seen people adding bunch of water to gasoline and it sucked all the ethanol out increasing in volume. No drying was needed as these two dont mix

@@trollmcclure1884 Solubility of water in for example hexane is 0.015% or so. Yes, they do not mix. Yet you get wet hexane if you add water and due to azeotrope you won't get water away with distillation easily. Throw in some sodium etc and you'll get a nasty surprise. Often nonpolar liquids that dont mix get a bit cloudy due to tiny amouns of dissolved water. That's why it is so sommon to use dessisicants like magnisium sulphate in lab. Often the tiny bit of water is enough to gice you lots of trouble.

@@hoggif would calcium oxide do the trick? I've read about people drying ethanol with it

@@trollmcclure1884 Depends on how dry you need it. Often most anhydrous saltss like magnesium sulphate, potassium carbonate etc are fine, depending on what you'r drying. For example no carbonates for organic acids etc. It may also depend oni what impurities are ok for you and what not. Often there are multiple methods. You may also need to think of reactivity if you go for reactive drying agents.

Gasoline goes bad mostly through oxidation, and partly due to evaporation. As you can see, the first fraction already comes over a bit above room temperature, generally this fraction ignites better and aids in ignition of the other parts of the gasoline. If it has evaporated, it can influence the performance of the gasoline. I believe oxidation is mostly caused by alkenes, generally alkanes and aromatics aren't too sensitive to oxidation by oxygen, but alkenes have double bonds that are relatively unstable and oxidize quite easily. Which means that not one fraction is really responsible for it to go stale through oxidation, considering the alkenes are in almost all the fractions.

@@Chemiolis I heard once that you could "rejuvenate" old gas by bubbling some propane through/into it to make ignition easier. Is this legit?

@@Roonasaur this a somewhat uneducated answer, as I'm not really a chemist, so take it with a grain if salt. But there are different aspects to it: The propane should definitely be able to dissolve in the gasoline to _some_ degree though the question is to what degree. You'd notice depending on how big the bubbles are that come if when you bubble it. And due to its lower boiling point it would be the first thing to evaporate. The engine should able to use the added propane just fine. There are vehicles that run on liquid natural gas. My understanding is that the engine is essentially unmodified although the fuel tank and lines are heavily modified to handle the added pressure safely, since the LNG is stored under pressure to remain liquid at regular temperatures. Adding propane wouldn't reverse the oxidation of alkenes, though. Not sure what effect that has on the overall performance. In conclusion, it should be possible to dissolve propane into gasoline and it will probably help ignition. However, it probably won't keep the gas fresh for long, and I'm unsure how it will affect other properties, like knock.

@@Gameboygenius Thanks. :) I would only really do this in a SHTF scenario, and it was the only gas I could find. So I would use it immediately after. Seems like it should work . . . and I should probably test it out now to find out, but, you know . . . just haven't had the time.

250 oC in oven will do for most (amateur) purposes IMO, just let them cool down in an evacuated flask (otherwise they will suck up moisture again) - I transfer them into a round bottom flask via powder funnel with metal scoop while still hot, then evacuate the flask and wait for them to cool down. Vacuum oven is better of course, vacuum furnace is the best. But unless you need them absolutely dry, then simple oven will do. If you have electric furnace then I would go for 300+ degC. Note that keeping the sieves dry is difficult - I had some (3A and 4A beads) in sealed plastic bottles and still needed to re-activate them.

answered my own question 😂 Great video 👍 en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naphtha#Types

Most of people who watch this are chemists.

@@443810 nah dude...I just like bubbling stuff and funny smells...

doesn´t that end up as diesel?

Great point. Considering the number of things ethanol forms azeotropes with, there's likely some ethanol in most of his fractions.

Yes. optimally you would first wash all of the gasoline with water, then destroy alkenes with potassium permanganate afterward.

30 cm

@@Chemiolis Ok thx

Yeah you could

Cambrium? There were not only dionosaurs but also plants all over the place and continents back then in the tropical zone cramed together in one mass. So not that much land mass in the middel ground which makes arrid centers and washing out on the "borders".

It really is the plants. Most of the "dinosaur juice" isn't made from the dinosaurs or other animals. It's the enormous forests and all the ocean plants - think plankton and algae - which provide much, much more mass than the animal remains.

Most oil came from dead algae and plankton and such. Organic debris that fell to the bottom of the ocean. At the time there wasn't much life that fed off things that fell to the bottom, so it built up and didn't completely rot. When sediment built on top of this organic sludge, it sealed it off, forming sedimentary rock. Oil no longer forms on the bottom of the ocean because now there are many deep sea creatures that eat up anything that falls down.

@@wernerhiemer406 oil is from microbes, coal is from plants, neither are from dinosaurs, it's a myth

@@KClO3 I did not started it. But yeah chalk is more likely from them. And marble is by lifeforms with partly rigid structures but still near microscopic size. And then gotten under pressure and heat/shearing plasticity.

Don't think so, just look up the boiling points of the compounds separately

I will, i also have a black paper roll, i think it's probably better for most experiments

Xylene doesn’t qualify as “good for you” but is only modestly toxic. It is even used sometimes in dentistry to dissolve gutta percha. Toluene has more health impacts than I could follow TBH. Weird fact from Wikipedia - smoking (and other things) help eliminate it faster from your body.

Interesting question

Possible mix it with used motoroil and distill into?

@@tinsoffish1810 definitely not to rejuvinate old gasoline you would need to separate out any oxidized compounds in the gas, and add in the lower boiling point compounds that evaporated.

yikes...if you have 5 liters left over, buy another 5 liters and mix that - always worked for the lawnrazor at home...

Ethanol is drinking alcohol, he basically made vodka here (7:48) because the ethanol dissolves into the water. There's probably some impurities left that make you blind, so if you try it, I'd like to know what kind of health problems you got, so please report back

@@Embassy_of_Jupiter Sorry I don't have heath problem, just moonshiner in the pass sometime made methanol by accident and go blind after drink as the stories go. I thought alcohol and ethanol were two different thing. I am no chemist but thank tell me you I can make Gasoline liquor.

Turning ethanol into alcohol ?

@@editname6868 alcohol and ethanol are the same. At the time of wright message I thought were two different things. I'm probably going to edit the message or delete it at this point because it served it's purpose.

@@creepgreen777 ethanol is an alcohol but not all alcohols are ethanol... like isopropanol, methanol etc.

The label i put was my first thought of its contents during the experiment, but those were wrong, i didn’t want people to think the label is what’s in the bottle.

Separatory funnel too, maybe

Where's the fun in that?

@@Mutantcy1992 you´ll know after the explosion^^

I can't be monetized yet because my channel doesn't have 4000 total hours watched

@@Chemiolis oh damn... i hope you will get there soon...

Not everything in it boils at 25C, only one particularly volitile hydrocarbon. You can actually see these vapours leave a gas can if it's hot enough and you first open it.

I love the smell of gasoline. I am a petrolhead. Five litre supercharged V8 is my transport, I am so amazed that I managed to own such a car.