Chromosome Structure and Organization

Рет қаралды 307,003

Күн бұрын

We've all seen pictures of chromosomes, and we know that they contain DNA. But how do we get from the double helix of DNA to the X-looking shape of a chromosome? Is it just DNA, or are there other things in there? How much DNA is in each chromosome? Chromosomal structure is incredibly complicated, but now that we've learned about DNA and proteins, as well as Mendelian genetics for a little context, we are finally ready to get a more sophisticated view of what's inside a chromosome.
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Пікірлер: 122

@Ellienollie 6 жыл бұрын

I really wish I found these videos months ago instead of 2 days before my genetics final lmao

@malms4026 3 жыл бұрын

How did it go lmao 3 years later

@gummy6689 2 жыл бұрын

Uss.after 4 years🙂

@floof5133 Жыл бұрын

lmao I'm watching this for my highschool finals 😭

@roddydykes7053 Жыл бұрын

I hear that. No idea if I’ll pass lol

@yulenycervantes9750 Жыл бұрын

i’m here half an hour before my exam lol

@shaiofthehighlands5792 4 жыл бұрын

I love you Professor Dave! I can't express much how grateful I am for all your effort in making these comprehensive contents in different fields of Natural Science. I am currently taking my Grad studies and I am literally stuck with all the concepts we are learning in class for I don't have a strong grasp of the basic concepts in Biology, Biochem and Chemistry. With your videos, I'm slowly recovering and retaining all the information I have learned way back in my undergrad. Thank you so much. May the Almighty bless you more. (:

@farhanahmed2508 6 жыл бұрын

Easy to understand :) I like how you talk slowly and give your audience time to comprehend.

@brandon6821 5 жыл бұрын

You're videos don't have the amount of views they are worth. I will recommend to my friends in the future. Keep up the good work, more views will come in time seeming your channel is still fairly new.

@itsReallyLou 3 жыл бұрын

Chromosomes are nearly as information-dense as this lovely video. Thanks Professor Dave!

@mikefixac Жыл бұрын

Professor Dave is too smart. I love his videos. Thank you so much.

@harshsinghal4342 6 жыл бұрын

such a great video. many many thanks. please keep uploading biology videos.

@ProfessorDaveExplains 6 жыл бұрын

i've got nine more coming in this series!

@codewithayesha Жыл бұрын

Thanks, sir, that was a great explanation and it helped me a lot to make my concepts better.

@muskankaushal6496 2 ай бұрын

Amazing work! Glad I found your channel

@KeziaWodzo 5 ай бұрын

I'm really enjoying this. So simple and comprehensive 😊

@3513SDC 9 ай бұрын

You're going to be the reason I pass my genetics class.

@AnnieIapson-xk8gp Жыл бұрын

This video is amazing and easy to understand

@user-vl9yd9vt5v Жыл бұрын

awesome prof,,,now that we are herding to exams would you plz send me some past AS-level questions to reviase on????

@christianemile2640 2 жыл бұрын

Oh, thank you Dave! I finally get X-linked genetics now.

@norheneben-to3gu 3 ай бұрын

your explanation is excellante

@sakshiahlawat6234 3 жыл бұрын

I have a question, like if the chromatin after condensation forms chromosomes then the chromosomes formed after are really independent?

@ismaielwaheed4300 6 жыл бұрын

Good Vid. Thanks

@zeeluck7901 Жыл бұрын

Loved it Sir

@shahrzadmazoury5610 3 жыл бұрын

Easy to understand, and informative ! Thanks

@AdeolaMunirat Жыл бұрын

Well done prof. Thanks very much Sir

@knowledgeckr786 9 күн бұрын

Thanks brother for the video. Regards

@mumbalukonde6805 Жыл бұрын

Professor 👨‍🏫 Dave you are the science 🧬 GURU

@user-dz8ky8cl8k 2 жыл бұрын

bro, I've a simple question about the centromere... How many do we have in a ruplicated chromosome??

@luzmartin9188 2 жыл бұрын

Love your videos!

@BingBongWasheeWashee 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks man you're the GOAT

@boakyewaaasiamah 2 жыл бұрын

Well done

@2d2torr Жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@scienceathome4426 5 жыл бұрын

Thank you sir

@edmond181 5 жыл бұрын

Question: so the DNA genome is 3 billion base pairs? and those base pairs are divided up into the 46 chromosomes in each cell? Thanks in advance

@ProfessorDaveExplains 5 жыл бұрын

pretty much! although i'm not sure if that number refers to the 23 unique genomes or the 23 with the sister chromatids to give the total 46, best to look it up

@saikumartalapala195 6 жыл бұрын

Sir please upload vidioes of agri related sir

@knowledgeckr786 9 күн бұрын

Thanks

@drtsahasaha9867 3 жыл бұрын

Excellent

@konlanstephen1457 Жыл бұрын

I needs notes on presentations

@archiewoosung5062 Жыл бұрын

When the maternal & paternal DNA strands join, surely the sequence of genes is different in each, but the different A T C G acids need to join correctly (A+T, C+G), so is one of the strands 'dominant' & any non-matching acid in the other strand skipped until the correct matching acid is found?

@SaritaSingh-ck6ry 3 ай бұрын

👍👍

@youssefmohammed4535 Жыл бұрын

Is it possible to add Arabic subtitles to the videos?

@satyadev9600 5 ай бұрын

Thank u sir

@allenculbertson8170 2 жыл бұрын

God bless you and thank you

@rgudduu 4 жыл бұрын

So "gene" and "non-gene" portions of the DNA is decided by whether that section is able to produce a protein or not. Is it a correct statement?

@ProfessorDaveExplains 4 жыл бұрын

Yes kind of, in the sense that genes are the portions that are expressed.

@imdadullah8691 2 жыл бұрын

@@ProfessorDaveExplains some genes transcripts are not translated like those of tRNA and rRNA genes

@hakanaltinel 2 жыл бұрын

adamın dibisin krall

@JA-xv3qp 4 жыл бұрын

So... Question. You say that DNA doesn't just float in the nucleus but coils up. But chromosomes are only made for cell division? So when it's not dividing what's its structure?

@ProfessorDaveExplains 4 жыл бұрын

I'm not sure what you're asking, because this clip explains it.

@evan.5967 2 жыл бұрын

chromatin

@loplop7566 2 жыл бұрын

I want you to have a Thai lecture.

@vasanthisuperkaruna3407 2 жыл бұрын

love from india... Can you help indian jee students solve higher level jee advanced

@mickshaw555 5 жыл бұрын

super

@shikhavats8920 6 жыл бұрын

Thank u So much sir

@528-divyachauhan3 3 жыл бұрын

Is chromosome made up of two sisters chromatin ?? Or is one sister chromatin called as chromosome...plzz sir reply I am getting confused

@528-divyachauhan3 3 жыл бұрын

@@mayonnaisepc3340 😬 I haven't got answer yet.

@heebz6805 3 жыл бұрын

A homologous chromosome is made of two sister chromatids. The sister chromatids are 100% identical to each other. A homologous chromosome is a pair of chromosomes that are almost identical, 1 from ur dad and one from ur mom, but they have a tiny difference in them. They call the sister chromatid of a homologous chromosome simply chromatid for some reason. chromaTIN is just the loose form of genetic material in a cell.

@santoshitekam9752 Жыл бұрын

Make a video on molecular basis of chromosome pairing

@incitedoubt5375 2 жыл бұрын

Hey Dave, Drunvalo Melchizedek (the guy the spirit science channel takes all its ideas from) claims that native australians have one less chromosome pair than the rest of the human race. I can find absolutely nothing supporting this. Any idea where this idea might have come from? Apparently this idea has gotten around a lot- see Carl Jung, Tool, etc...

@ProfessorDaveExplains 2 жыл бұрын

It came from his rectum.

@sufyan_tahir2926 5 жыл бұрын

Why sister chromatids are identical as u say and on the other hand u say that homologous are not identical?

@ProfessorDaveExplains 5 жыл бұрын

sister chromatids are the product of replication so they must be identical, homologous chromosomes are just corresponding chromosomes but they come from your two parents so they are not precisely the same.

@sufyan_tahir2926 5 жыл бұрын

I really understand...thank u sir..

@rgudduu 4 жыл бұрын

@@ProfessorDaveExplains , regarding homologous chromosomes you said they contain "same genes but different alleles". Could you elaborate, maybe with an example?

@ProfessorDaveExplains 4 жыл бұрын

A gene corresponds with a particular trait, like the pea plant traits from Mendel's work. Two different alleles may code for two different versions of the same trait. Watch my tutorial on Mendelian genetics it will make sense.

@rgudduu 4 жыл бұрын

@@ProfessorDaveExplains , so I get: a gene, for example, codes for a person's skin colour, and the two alleles of that gene may be coding brown and white colour, coming from his 2 parents. Many thanks. I understand how a gene sequence translates to a protein formation. I am however not convinced how that translates to a particular trait, eye size, say. Second question: all the cells in my body contain identical DNA, i.e. each cell has identical set of genes, thus a cell present at my eye has the gene code for my hand length too, and vice versa? So how come the 'right' gene decodes at my eye cells and the right genes decode at my hand cells. May I get some clues regarding this please.

@bigjaysdrive-in328 3 ай бұрын

Tried to talk to my teacher about this, she didn't want to comment and told me to google it.

@Yoarkan 9 ай бұрын

gak ngurus

@Ellamay50 26 күн бұрын

Can anybody tell me how I can find out how I can find out that am half man and half women?is it a DNA test and how I can get the tpy of test please anyone thank you?

@whatabouttheearth 2 күн бұрын

Do you mean true hermaphroditism? genetic chimerism? Persistent Mulerian Duct Syndrome? Klinefelter's? 🤷 I suggest talking to a physician

@whatabouttheearth 2 күн бұрын

Do you mean true hermaphroditism? genetic chimerism? Persistent Mulerian Duct Syndrome? Klinefelter's? 🤷 I suggest talking to a physician

@MamtaSharma-ms9lr 4 жыл бұрын

Love from india😍

@randomspartanhoe4501 3 жыл бұрын

Besides providing structural support to the DNA to wrap around, does histone have any other function? I feel like they are the most useless protein in our body.

@khxm._.6085 8 ай бұрын

What’s the Locus

@vidushi-sh6jg Ай бұрын

Locus is the position for a particular gene on a chromosome

@SabrinaXe 2 ай бұрын

6:56

@HamedAlothmani 5 ай бұрын

سبحان الله

@SaritaSingh-ck6ry 3 ай бұрын

😮

@aparna9160 5 жыл бұрын

"comprehensive" is your favourite word

@samanthaprasad1533 3 ай бұрын

❤❤

@zeropelli7026 3 жыл бұрын

Wrong chromosomes are a measurement of time, power and a currency

@ProfessorDaveExplains 3 жыл бұрын

Um, well no, they are none of those things.

@Totardotech 2 жыл бұрын

If Jesus while He lived in the world have 24 chromosomes, 23 chromosomes from His mom and 1 chromosome is for genital type. What is His blood type? Same His mom, His dad, or none both?

@joe-ib1wn 10 ай бұрын

a human zygote with 24 chromosomes wouldn't survive and develop any further, it would absolutely result in a terminated pregnancy

@outsidestealth 6 күн бұрын

Nerd tame impala

@vishnushri4671 2 жыл бұрын

👌👌👌👌👌🌻

@analien7458 2 жыл бұрын

8:27

@analien7458 2 жыл бұрын

4:39

@analien7458 2 жыл бұрын

1:00

@analien7458 2 жыл бұрын

1:14

@SaritaSingh-ck6ry 3 ай бұрын

What is the prove of chromosomes 😊

@whatabouttheearth 2 күн бұрын

Microscopes

@whatabouttheearth 2 күн бұрын

Microscopes

@peterevans3310 6 ай бұрын

And all of this based on 'complete chance'. Yeah right.

@ProfessorDaveExplains 6 ай бұрын

That is totally meaningless.

@peterevans3310 6 ай бұрын

@@ProfessorDaveExplains Don't get me wrong, I enjoyed your video and it was not a critique. I just find it so perplexingly beatiful and complex, that I don't accept the notion this is a result of complete chance.

@ProfessorDaveExplains 6 ай бұрын

@@peterevans3310 Biology isn't "complete chance". Learn basic evolutionary biology.

@peterevans3310 6 ай бұрын

@@ProfessorDaveExplains Well, beneficial mutations which are pure chance and with a very low probability at that, are a sine qua non for macro-evolution. I cannot accept that a proces whose fundamental contributor relies purely on chance has the potential to produce this kind of stunning complexity, harmony and beauty.

@ProfessorDaveExplains 6 ай бұрын

@@peterevans3310 Mutations are pure chance. Evolution is not. It's really not that hard to understand. Watch this whole biology series.

@BilalAhmad-ln1uy Жыл бұрын

You confuse students because you don't explain things

@ProfessorDaveExplains Жыл бұрын

Explaining things is literally all I do.

@whatabouttheearth 2 күн бұрын

"In psychology, the false consensus effect, also known as consensus bias, is a pervasive cognitive bias that causes people to "see their own behavioral choices and judgments as relatively common and appropriate to existing circumstances".[1] In other words, they assume that their personal qualities, characteristics, beliefs, and actions are relatively widespread through the general population"

@whatabouttheearth 2 күн бұрын