Thank you so much! No, I am afraid I am not aware of it. It sounds like a good resource though.

Thank you so much!

Sweet

Thank you so much! What happened if I may ask?

Ich traue mich nicht. I don’t dare to.

An den habe ich garnicht gedacht. Danke schön für die Ergänzung!

Gern geschehen

Vielen Dank!

Oh, thank you!

I think it is akin to the German particle ”ja” which does not translate easily into English. It‘s kind of like giving a little verbal push.

Thank you, Mark!

Yup, not very surprising. Thanks for sharing!

Thank you for watching, why I keep making videos.

Nice

Yes, very true! And, that would explain the Garden of Eden as a realm more than a place to plant and /or frolic. Thanks for your research and comment! 🙂

Yup, although the schism between the various strands of Christianity (Catholic, Orthodox, Arian, etc.) really happened well after Wulfilas. Thanks for your comment!

@@loquidity4973 Actually the Arian "heresy" exploded well before the time of Wulfilas and was discussed at the Council of Nicaea under emperor Constantine. But the separation of the Catholic and Orthodox didn't happen until the 11th century. It is also interesting to discuss how other Bible translations and Christian missionary efforts led to the creation of new alphabets and of the writing down of languages as opposed to oral languages. A noted example being Sts Cyril and Methodius who created the Cyrillic alphabet for the Slavs which Russia uses today.Further east the Syriac churches (usually termed Nestorians) dispersed versions of their alphabet throughout the whole of Asia including Mongolia, In more modern times Christian missionaries translated the Bible into virtually every language and dialects and in so doing often created the written versions of these languages for the first time and even codifying their grammar and syntax though almost always they used the Roman alphabet.This positive aspect of Christianity is often not acknowledged as without these translations those languages would have disappeared.

@@kaloarepo288 Well said!

Yes, that is one reason. Another is economic necessity as well as opportunity. English is perhaps the most important of the world‘s current linguae francae. Access to education in largely middle-class northern and Central Europe is another important factor.

Wow, thank you for the in depth explication!

Oh sorry! Let me see if I can include that in another video.

That is so interesting!!! Thank you for your insightful commentary!

In Herman, “deuten” also means “to point.” So, maybe there is a connection there too. With the prefix be- (bedeuten) it becomes more specifically “to mean, signify.’ … Fodder for another video! Tak så myket!

Thanks for sharing! I wonder if Himmelen is a carryover from when Swedish still had noun cases. And, limpa sounds a bit like lump in English. Do you think they might be cognates?

The case would be 'himlom', which was used in the older version. Compare the -om ending to the -am ending in himinam.

@@jc-ui6rb Yes,there are no cases in this version, but it's dative in the older "Fader Vår, som äst i Himlom".

Thank you!

Are you certain?

@@loquidity4973 There's a Frenchman describing 1650's phonetics, who states so, in a book.

@@artvandelay8830 Ok, so that's one source of information. Even assuming that this gentleman was sincere and thorough in his methods, it is not exactly proof. But, thank you for sharing. It is definitely important evidence. All I am saying that multiple possibilities are still on the table. Just my opinion.

I suspect the same, but more research would be needed.

Yes, which is ironic since the Goths were probably among the first to convert, no doubt to seek favor and elevate their own social status vis-a-vis the late Roman Empire which had just recently shed their own pre-Christian beliefs. … I wonder about the same thing … Maybe they should have called themselves Vandal rock, after another East Germanic extinct language group.

Thanks so much! 😌

Haha! Gibt es Uhu eigentlich auch in Kanada?

I am glad you liked my video! Thank you! I can't think of any specific websites for prefix verb comparisons. A quick search got me to this websites that includes 375 prefix verbs: travelwithlanguages.com/blog/german-prefix-verbs.html But, my two favorite reference websites are leo.org and duden.de. The former is an online translation dictionary of several languages. It includes tons of grammatical information, such as conjugations and declensions. The latter, duden.de is completely in German. Duden is really the best known authority on all things spelling and grammar for German speakers. One drawback fo duden.de is all the distracting ads. I suspect that most people will find leo.org more helpful. Just click around and have fun. The icons that look like books get you to grammar sections.

Thank you for saying so!

Thanks for looking that up. I am not surprised that other Central European languages have “Quark“ as well. There are many overlaps and similarities among German and Western Slavic speaking people.

It is made of curds, but it is a type of fresh cheese that does not exist in English speaking countries, as far as I can tell.

I have seen Quark offered in one or two large stores as "Quark".

@@user-pp6fx7si4g Huh, I'll be darned. It is rather hard to find in North America. I bet there are equivalents in most Slavic and perhaps Scandinavian languages.

​@@loquidity4973 Absolutely. Not really different in Canada. Haven't seen it for at least a couple of years.

Hi Susan, I am glad you watched my video. It did include at least some comparisons. I am not how much more I can add without getting too technical and perhaps also be inaccurate or too general. Are you interested in a specific group of ranks, such as the non-commissioned officers?

Thank you!

Haha, gefaellt mir sehr gut! Danke! 🙂

Fascinating as well as kind of weird! 😉As always, thanks for comment, Josh! Much appreciated!

One of the three Norns, "Verdandi", is probably related to these words. She is the middle Norn and represents the present, what is evolving so to speak. The other two represent the past and the future.

Fascinating theories! Thanks for sharing! Northern German dialects tend to have a rolling or trilling R, so I find your theory of the French connection a little more convincing than the Hanseatic one. It's fun to chew the cud on this one, isn't it?

It is both fascinating and somewhat scary, how in general changes of languages spreads. I find it overwhelming likely the spread of the guttural R was a phenomena of sociolect, peers and what those eager to be peers adopts unconsciously. As long as it is funded on growth on what one may find positive for society, it is ok it spreads. However, it is scary witnessing languages of inferior cultures spreading from the bottom of society based on fear, admiration of violent powers and a total lack of understanding of what “respect” means and normally is acquired. If the above is correct, it should follow that language/sociolect is both a measure of how developed a society is, and a predictive measure of likelihood of success in life. And it is, as I see it. BBC have now programs in pidgin-english, pretending such a dysfunctional cultured language is of value to keep, maintain and develop. Many kids in Oslo speaks Kebab-Norwegian, and claims to be proud of it. “Nigga” is claimed in “black cultures” to mean friend. Stating “fuck” in every sentence, “you’re know”. Etc. etc. Surely, any and all of those aiming low in language will never reach top in large corporations or organizations. (Except a single handful in for instance music industry, riding on the poor they truly exploit selling them ideas that nothing good grows from.) My boy of 12 is fairly good in English, mainly due to internet and interests. He regularly transforms words of English into Norwegian, sounding a bit archaic - especially since the equivalent of those transformed words are available in Norwegian. His friends does the same. Having him reading all books of Henrik Ibsen may do some counter-balancing, but I’m not sure this change in language that is likely on it’s way is harmful. Perhaps it is for the better. It is moving fast though!

@@eb4661 Change is always scary. And I think all changes carry both good and bad with them. “Low culture speech” has always had its place and function. People just need to understand the big picture to make informed decisions for themselves.

That is so interesting! I've never heard of that. Thanks for sharing!

@@loquidity4973 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skyrack

@@SunofYork Thanks for the link, although it raises more questions than it answers for me. Apparently, Yorkshire, being in the North of England would have been an important part of the Danelaw (the area settled by Danes/Vikings). So, it makes sense to have some remnants of North Germanic culture surviving there. Very interesting. Part of me often wonders why northern England and lowland Scotland didn’t become a political unit, considering that they appear to have more in common with each other than southeastern England. Again, thanks for sharing!

Equivalent to the Southern "hundred", wapentake was an administrative area.

@@loquidity4973 Well the Danes and Swedish and Norwegians have/had languages that were offshoots of German.. The North was weak until the industrial revolution where it was the birthplace of that. So much German remains in the North , eg "Think on" is very Yorkshire and is "Denk an" in German, so it isn't just the words, but the form of the speech.. 50% of my forebears emigrated from Hereford to the Satanic Mills of Yorkshire due to the agricultural recession of 1872 when they were starving. The other half were Summersgills from the Yorkshire Dales..... This name is derived from "Sommer Skali" or 'summer huts' of shepherds in old Norwegian... Norwegians occupied the dales whereas Danes were East of there.. The trick is to be interested in all this without falling under the influence of the skull measurers, eugenics admirers and Aryan fans online..

In german fechten means fencing. In dutch vechten means fighting, as far as i know. Very rare in german fechten is sometimes fighting too, but the today rare used , etwas ausfechten ' means not fighting with your body, but with words, documents and lawyers.

@@brittakriep2938 In Dutch uitvechten also means to settle a dispute with words, lawyers etc. Something is being "uitgevochten" in court.

@@brittakriep2938 Similarly, aanvechten and anfechten also have the same meaning. To challenge or protest a verdict.

Thanks for your comment! Yes, Dutch and Flemish (along with some northern German dialects) did not undergo the consonant shift, as far as I know, with the exception of the dental fricative (English TH), of course.

Same in Swedish. Skjutvapen - Shooting weapon (rifle) Flygvapen - Air Force (Luftwaffe)

Thanks for that example! Good point! You are also raising another good point, the fact that standard German tends to be grammatically more complex or complicated then traditional dialects and colloquial language use. Thanks!

English shares an ancestor with Plattdeutsch, I believe. I suspect you know better than I.

@@inyobill Thats true. And I know many people call it Plattdeutsch but please don't do it if possible, I want it to be a clearly distinct language so Deutsch shouldnt appear in the name and the word Platt has some negative connotation. Low Saxon or New Saxon is much better, i call it Nysassisch myself based on the term of Nysassiske Skryvwyse without the sk as it isn't present in many modern dialects of New Saxon including mine.

Let‘s just agree to disagree on what is the best way to explain this topic. Maybe you have your own KZfaq channel and uploaded your own videos. Have fun!

Why do you have to divide everything up into perfect categories? Clearly these languages have highly influenced each other. We are one folk / Wir sind ein volk /Vi är ett folk.

I think you answered your own question better than I could. And thank you for bringing it up. In the case of Wappen and Waffe, since there had been no clear delineation until sometime in the 16th century, my guess is that later German writers, especially during Sturm und Drang (Goethe, Schiller, etc.) probably created that differentiation based on some romantic notion of heraldry in the waning years of feudalism (see Götz von Berlichingen as an example) to differentiate the symbols of knighthood from the gear of a medieval and Renaissance warrior. Yes, I should have added my theory and emphasized that it is simply a theory. Thanks, again!

​@@loquidity4973: A small note: Der Schild/ the shield, but das Schild/ the sign. Die Wehr/ the weapon , but das Wehr / a kind of door in a smaller river. A cchange of der,die , das often means a complete different Item.

Wappen is supposed to have been borrowed from Middle Dutch - which, of course leads to the question why they felt the need to borrow it even though they already had a perfectly fine German word. Well, the Rhine has always been a pretty busy highway, I guess. Plus, Middle Dutch dialects weren't only spoken in today's Netherlands (and parts of Belgium, obviously); rather, there used to be (and to a lesser degree still is) what is called a dialect continuum between German and Dutch territories. In fact, there are other words in German that exist both as the High German and the Dutch variant: for example, sanft (soft) and sacht (Dutch zacht).

@@brittakriep2938 Ah, das stimmt! Danke! Das hab ich übersehen. Das kommt davon, wenn man so lange weg vom Muttersprachenland lebt.

@@th60of Good point! Until the political creation of the Netherlands, I suspect that the ancestors of Dutch and Flemish speakers thought of themselves more of low-lands speakers (along with northern Germans) as part of the Holy Roman Empire than a distinct people with a unique language. If the regions around Dortmund, Bremen, and Hamburg had joined the Netherlands politically a few hundred years ago, this greater Netherlands would have effortlessly become one linguistic society. Dutch would be a little closer to modern German, but not by much. That's just my theory of course.

Oh, what a great point!!! Thanks for your comment!

Awesome list! Thank you, Adalbert!

Bitte, gern geschehen.

Axt - axe. Helm - helmet. Schwert - sword. I find this sort of thing very interesting. I am learning German. I have been for two years. I also find it interesting as I learn French. These languages are all very intertwined, but distinctly different. For example, bureau means office in French, in German it is Büro, and in English the word bureau is used as well connected to its French meaning. In French the word for bedroom is chambre which would be connected to bedchamber in English. English received a lot more French than most English speakers realize through the Norman conquest of England in 1066. The Normans were Norsemen that occupied what has today become Normandy, named after them. They became a dukedom of the Kingdom of France and learned French. This is also where things deviated from most Germanic languages in English such as the adoption of the word beef from the French bouef, and pork from the French porc. After the conquest England, the Anglo-Saxon inhabitants of England were ruled by the French speaking Normans. This started the love-hate relationship between England, and France and the changing of Anglish into English. Interesting, because we can see how the word England is derived from, and referenced from the Angles. In French the word for England is Angleterre. Obviously as one can see my interests are history, culture, and language.

@@leviturner3265 Thanks for your comment! I am glad to see that we share a common fascination with language and history.

​@@leviturner3265: Chamber- Kammer! , cellar- Keller, spear- Speer, lance- Lanze, bow- Bogen, plough- Pflug, waggon- Wagen, coach - Kutsche, stick- Stock, pole- Pfahl (Holm or Stange in other context), knife - Messer ( in some dialects Kneip is a small knife) ,ox/ ford- Ochse/ Furt ( existing towns Oxford and Ochsenfurt!), dog- Hund ( but a hound is a hunting dog, while a Dogge is a kind of Mastiff), cock - Hahn ( Gockel also exists), hammer- Hammer, spade- Spaten, showel- Schaufel, file- Feile, pickaxe- Pickel ( Spitzhacke/ pointed hew also exists) . English/ Standard German/ Low German: rope, fork, little/ Seil, Gabel, klein/ Reep, Forke, lütt. Calf- Kalb, bull- Bulle, steer- Stier, horse + Pferd ( but Ross also exists) , goat - Ziege ( but also Gois, Gais, Geis), hare- Hase, fox- Fuchs, mouse- Maus, awl- Ahle ( or Aal ?), roe- Reh, pig/swine/sow- Schwein/ Sau, weazle- Wiesel, whale- Wal, bear- Bär, dyke- Deich, garden- Garten, door- Tür, shoe- Schuh, hat- Hut, cap- Mütze ( Kappe also exists), sock- Socke, scarf- Schal. Baker/ smith/ weaver/ fisher- Bäcker, Schmied, Weber, Fischer.. , hedge- Hecke , bush- Busch, to stirr- umrühren ( but in my dialect stieren in some context also means to stirr). But there are similar words, where the relationship is not seen on first look.Three examples. A) English hole- german Loch, german Höhle- english cave. B) English lake- german der See, german Lache - english puddle C) English edge means the sharp edge of a blade, that is Schneide in german. German Ecke is a corner..

Thanks for the added information! An entire video on the consonant shift might be a bit dry, I am afraid. Let me think about that.

@@loquidity4973 Even if you don't give an exhaustive treatment of the subject in one go, more on the topic would be interesting.

@@johngorentz6409 I am glad to see there is some interest.

In Westphalian Plattdütsch the word for Sister (englisch) , Schwester (german) is "Süster". The old Westphalians were Saxons as well.

@@HiddenXTube Thanks for sharing! Very interesting!

Aber wird SZ nicht anders ausgesprochen? Ich kenne mich da leider nicht aus.

​@@loquidity4973 Falls meine Erinnerungen mich nicht komplett im Stich lassen, wird es im grossen ganzen wie Sch ausgesprochen.

@@user-pp6fx7si4g Polnisch ist nicht einfach. Soviel weiß ich schon.