Like this comment, to dislike the video.

I love that you spent an entire talking point about how humanity's purpose in space exploration is to breed as much as possible.

“BLOODY BAJORANS!” - O’Brien probably

I was today years old when I realized that the Trek ancient aliens were really the Founders

I don't buy it. There's 1 thing that wasn't mentioned, but definitely has merit: cardissians have 2 spinal cords, which explains their necks. I believe this was mentioned in the ds9 episode where sisko and dukat was trapped on a planet together. That's a lot of evolving to do

Interesting. I do wonder if the Prophets are Bajorans who have evolved to a non corporeal existence. It is shown that Bajorans seen to have a sort of life-force telepathy (Grabbing ears) and that the Prophets said that they were of Bajor. The true believers of the Prophets would be able to sense their energy and Kai Opaka was able to reach through to Sisko whilst he was in the Celestial Temple. Hypocrites like Kai Winn couldn't sense the prophets because she never truly believed in them, only her own power and status.

Lost colonies: Also common in our earth. Australie, America both have proof of lost colonies for us humans. Animal life its even more clear. And yeah it would make sense. @lore reloaded, it makes even more sense if you looked at the purposed 8th season off ds9. where Kira ( and bajorans) become more extreme in their ways. Just like cardasians became in their past.

They look more like the Vaadwaur, and given they were spreading before the Borg were much of a thing supports that. Likely a group that fled during the fall of their civilization. And because their military was mostly in cold sleep, it was their cultural leaders and people who would have made that trek and became cardassian.

But in the TNG episode The Chase, the Cardassians were identified as one of the precursor-seeded races, not as a permutation of Bajoran. Also, while the light-sail ships are pretty clearly shown to have probably tachyon-eddy'ed to Cardassia, I doubt they colonized it.

So basically Humans are the Rosetta Stone of interspecies mixing. "Where are all the green space women?" - Said by every human male astronaut.

5:22 huh, they’re kind of like the Federation from Starship Troopers (the Novel more than the movies), where the military took over from the civilians and assumed control over everything.

If the ancient Bajorans did live and populated Cardassia than after the military coup, it couldn't possibly have been entirely covered up and must give rise to some factions sympathetic to the Bajorans to tell the truth just as it was with that Voth scientist in Voyager.

"Species next door( on a planetary scale) could have similar environmental impacts." Hunh? Species on ONE planet have enough genetic variation to not be able to cross-breed. Even species with a common ancestor on the same continent or even same ISLAND cannot interbreed.

Humans breeding with everything? (yes I said everyTHING) It tracks. This is a really neat concept, though, and seems to be backed by knowledge in canon like those solar ships. That is... kinda wild to think about and I guess we'll never truly know.

Hmm, interesting. I had not considered this possibility. Although in my head cannon the Cardassians are a lost colony of the Vaadwaur. Possibly from a time period before the Vaadwaur became masters of underspace. Like a lost/crashed ship from a time period early in Vaadwaur history of expansion.

Iv slowly become a fan of your wrk man I stumbled across one of your videos on the bajorans and now while I work and do my job I listen to you for hours at a time im a linemen but you make the day go by a little better keep up the content buddy

The Voth, while not being a direct ancestor, is a cousin as we are both vertebrates. This thought makes me happy on the inside bits.

Voyager was able to determine that the Voth originated from earth by scanning a single Voth and comparing his DNA to those of others from earth, humans. I'm sure if Cardassians came from/originated from Bajor, someone would have already made that connection long ago. Someone just had to scan a Cardassian and a Bajoran and it would have been blatantly apparent. If you ignore that giant plot hole, sure, that's an interesting theory you have.

Great analysis my friend! Thank you!

8:13 OH THIS! would have been an amazing plot point for DS9 ... It could still be an amazing plot point for any future Trek. Imagine a show that visits Cardassia rebuilding itself after the Dominion war and where the new government has to deal with the remnants of the fascist dictatorship and then they find THIS bombshell

This is one of those areas where just a little more world building in one or two places would answer this debate, and there is one thing that was touched on that could answer this question: The Cardassian Vole. It's clear that the Vole is related to Cardassians as they both have the same spoon-like structure on their heads. They are also clearly invasive pests on the station. The detail that would clear this up is whether there are Bajoran Voles making the Cardassian variant an offshoot, and did life on Cardassia evolve independently or are Cardassians themselves an invasive species on their own planet?

I think there's a couple possibilities. The Bajorans could have founded Cardassia and evolved to deal with the new environment. They could have inter bred with the Cardassians, passing stories of their home world and it's bounties, which lead the Cardassians to the eventual occupation, trying to reclaim their ancestors homeworld. Which would explain why they took it so hard when the Bajorans resisted so much. Or they met the ancient Bajorans and developed space travel to meet them. All in all, how the sound stopped when you mentioned the solar ship was made out of... wood... was perfect.

I propose an alternative theory, the cardassians had a history of cultural exchange with old Bajor that has since been forgotten. The bajoran explorers you mentioned landed on cardassia and simply integrated into the preexisting cardassian population, which already existed.

This is one of the more silly things about Star Trek. Inter species breeding is an oxymoron by itself, and as Carl Sagan said, a human is more likely to be able to breed with a tulip than an alien

So the big question to ask: Should Starfleet have intervened in what could be.. an internal affair?

Awesome video...and thumbnail 😉

Maybe it was some kind of genetic exchange from Cardassian Vole to Bajoran "colonist" that lead to the development of proto-Cardassians (along with environmental factors)? A bit like how the Wraith in Stargate Atlantis developed from those bugs that acquired/absorbed Human DNA!?!?

I don't really care about other trekkers so for people like me things like "I'm late to this topic" don't really mean anything to me I come to watch you and your thoughts alone, I recently started watching DS9 as a long time TNG fan and so I love seeing your opinion on the show.

This actually makes a who lot of sense, like a scary amount of sense really, which explains why the occupation was so brutal, after all, civil wars are the most bloody

love this theory excellent breakdown

I'd love if they made this into a story arc in a trek tv series I'd watch it

I have an alternate theory that extrapolates from the same data. What if the Cardassians were an underclass species that left Bajor? There are multiple planets in Star Trek with multiple indigenous species of sentient life. Valakis, Earth, the rejected Federation candidate planet in the final season of TNG, and the Xindi homeworld are all such instances. Bajor would not be the only one. We know pre-occupation Bajor had a caste system. Lt. Kira's caste was one of artists. Every caste system has a population of marginalized people, so logically Bajor would've had one. A system that is so abusive to its own people can easily breed marginalization of other people. Perhaps the Cardassian founding population was a species which were marginalized on Bajor, left due to persecution, and ended up on Cardassia. This theory would explain why the two are genetically compatible but clearly distinct. Most of the evidence you brought up lines up with this theory as well. You could argue that the religious similarities and artistic similarities would poke holes in this theory of a persecuted people, but on earth, plenty of marginalized populations have adopted the religions of the oppressors. Artistic techniques are VERY fluid between cultures.

When I saw the title, I thought ooh, time to watch.

The only thing that argues against this is the fact that Cardassian and Bajorans have clearly different DNA, no mention is made of the similarities between the two species at the genetic-level. The example of the Voth, they were clearly able to track a likely evolution of the species based on its clear similarities with earth-based species. It's doubtful that even 50,000 years of genetic drift and mutations would completely eliminate genetic similarities between the two species. The Romulans' isolation and lack of interaction with other species is what kept the link between them and the Vulcans hidden for so long...although it was widely speculated that they were related before it was proven. What I think is more likely is that the Bajorans who landed on Cardassia influence both Cardassian culture, and possibly even their genetics. For the ancient Bajorans to have known about contacts with Cardassia, some type of contact would have needed to be established...especially if these information survived thousands of years. It would make sense that if the Bajorans either regularly visited Cardassia, or found a way to communicate with their home planet, that they would have integrated with the society, and at least influence their culture and social evolution if not their genetics (through procreation) making successful hybridization more likely over time as the required genes spread through the genepool.

I always liked the idea of humans having some of the sturdiest and strongest bodies in the galaxy, considering our planet’s gravity is near the apex that would allow us to leave the planet.

The Bajorans reaching Cardassia 800 years ago is what tipped their hand to the Cardassians, lead to their occupation a few hundred years later when things got tough on Cardassia.

The whole lightship thing was based on Thor Hyerdahl's research suggesting Egyptians could have crossed the Atlantic in their boats, along with other cultures that went long distances by boat, like the Phoenicians. The problem with adapting that to spaceships is how exactly did the Bajorans get off the planet if they were making wooden spacecraft? Though one possible answer for that is they had the tech to get off the planet and deliberately chose wood instead of metal because it was lighter than metal, maybe? Still seems to me like a wooden spaceship would leak like a sieve but whatever.

this is a fascinating and well documented theory. Kinda hope one of Kurtzman's teams pick up on it because I'd love to see it become canon.

Does anyone else remember that in TNG, Picard clearly stated that Bajoran recorded history was at least half a million years old. That's plenty of time for civilizations to rise and fall several times over and for a single species to branch out and produce multiple offshoots through divergent evolution. We've seen it in our fossil record and in our own evolutionary tree.

Thank you for giving E.C. Henry the credit he diserves! 👍 EDIT: And _The Chase_ !

31 days of heavy alcohol use cured my Section 31 brainwashing !! now I stay sloshed & play Star Trek Online ! not even noon & I'm opening a 4th Heineken, thanks Lore, without you it never would have happened

In my opinion it's more likely that ancient Bajorans found a near-intelligent species on Cardassia and elevated them, thus creating the Cardassians. Perhaps they used their own DNA to help in the process and that's why Cardassians and Bajorans are able to interbreed.

In an episode that had Benjamin and Jake take a non warp ship to cardassia. So very plausible.

Why I do'nt think they are the same species and each developed on their own world, I actually believe that Bajor had an outpost in the early days of Cardassia and influenced that culture. After the coup, the power in pace tried to erase all evidence of outside influence to push the idea that Cardassian civilisation rose all on its own without external evidences.

I don't think Cardassians and Bajorans are the same species. We see lots of species interbreeding and creating hybrids. In the episode the chase, we find out that the reason so many species look like humans (other than because it is cheap and easy to shoot for production of television shows) is because an ancient humanoid species was alone in the galaxy and decided to introduce humanoid species across the galaxy. Seeing as there is now an intelligent designed galaxy for humanoids to exist, it makes sense that they can interbreed as someone literally designed them that way.

What would be an interesting twist is if the Bajorans that reached Cardassia accidentally introduced foreign bacteria or viruses that lead to the collapse of Cardassia's agriculture. The destruction that would have followed could have turned Cardassia into the authoritarian empire that eventually spread to Bajor. I don't think the timelines line up though.

Interesting thoughts here. Definitely unique

the writers did a lot of convenient things for the sake of plots. I love the hell outta all star trek, but massive plot holes, incomplete information and all that are excellent ways to get fans to ask things like what if, and leave room for future stories to be explained away next time. The sad thing was that when TNG Era ended, and we had this massive gap until the rebooted alt timeline, and even longer until Picard. The world has shifted it's views and beliefs and clearly modern writing reflects this, as it did between TOS and TNG. Tribbles in the DS9 were probably one of my favourite call backs ever.

Distant Origin was one of the few episodes in the first 3 seasons of Voyager that I thoroughly enjoyed. Sure, it didn't make a ton of sense but it was unique and left a lot of interesting questions about how reptiles leaped modern development by millions of years. Also, I don't think they ever established what species the Bajorans evolved from but I think its more likely that the bajorans evolved from the cardassians and not the other way around.

What is this, Stellaris?

or Cardassian were highly influenced by some interstellar bajoran travelers in the past

I like the idea. I choose to believe; and I think it makes the violent history between them more meaningful which makes DS9 a better show

As has been mentioned before regarding another video about the Voth. There is absolutely no way that any computer could possible predict how a species would evolve. There are so many factors to take into account, any projection would be a wild guess at best.

Interesting

It's like the Baku and Son'a situation...Cardies and Jorans... probably related

Love the thumbnail of Kira

Oh crap, at 1:17 that's Kasouf from Stargate. And he was also the head librarian in The Mummy

I cannot believe i am just now seeing that the figure in Common Ancestors is the changeling leader

For Goad's sake no, the reason the Cardassians didn't want to admit the Bajoran's had reached Cardassia would be because that is how they figured out interstellar travel by reverse engineering what brought one or more Bajoran light sail ships to their system; the inference in the episode is that there was some unobserved phenomenon connecting the two star systems (perhaps some side effect of the artificial worm hole).

Since Kirk discovered a Bunch of Human looking Aliens every second Episode anything is possible in the Trek Universe

You could tell if cardissians evolved on cardassia prime or bajor just by looking at the dna. It would be a well known fact if they had a common or close ancestor

“They are close together in the grand scheme of the galaxy…” yeah… so are Meese and Elephants

Please do not ignore the rest of this post if you don't feel like reading the nitpicking part, the 2nd half addresses coincidence. Perhaps this is nitpicking, but one of the key definitions for what constitutes a different species as opposed to a different group within a single species, is the inability to successfully produce offspring. So wouldn't it be more accurate, whenever talking about something like this, to say that they are sub-groups of the same species? Rather than saying that they are different species. If there is some kind of common ancestor, and there is the ability to procreate, this would make them sub-groups within one species. Another example is Space Battleship Yamato, where all of the humanoid groups are all actually human races of one flavor or another, with at least one being an artificial race designed for war, since they all (including regular, from Earth humans) offshoots from a single far older race (more or less). Although I cannot remember any specific examples of mixed race characters in the shows..... but then it has been a long time since I saw the old ones and I am fairly sure none are in the 2199/2202 reboot. caveat: In what I said above this I am only talking about situations where you do not need outside medical help to do this, only when it can occur naturally. addendum: On the nature of coincidence.... not a snowballs chance in hell. If procreation is possible without medical intervention, there is zero chance that is coincidence. There has to be _some_ connection. Just think about this, here on Earth, where every species is basically a cousin to every other species. This includes plants and everything, with a handful of _possible_ exceptions which have not actually been proven as of yet, like viruses. So you have plenty of places where the exact same environment, save tiny differences, produced wildly different and incompatible populations of various life forms. Yet humans can only procreate with other humans. AFAIK it is absolutely impossible to have a human-chimpanzee hybrid, yet we share 99% or so of our DNA with them.... that tiny difference is all it takes to make it impossible. So, any two groups in ST that can have kids with each other, even with medical intervention, would have to be more closely related than humans are to chimps. The common ancestor connection is the only one that really makes sense, both from a logical and storytelling perspective. If we theorize that DNA in the form we have is inevitable and the only way of doing it, that would still lead to life forms as different from us as any animal or plant on the planet is. addendum 2: Mass Effect has a hybrid of sorts that highlights the potentially radical differences if different forms of DNA are combined into a single being. The brutes, which are an artificially constructed amalgamation of two different species one using dextro-amino acids the other levo-amino acids (like we have), and even though they are fused with extremely advanced tech, even by the standard of the games universe, they are inherently unstable constructs as mentioned in the games codex. Unlike other similar amalgamations such as the Cannibals, which are made of levo-amino acid based species. That last bit about Mass Effect is really food for thought about biological compatibility, even with the addition of extremely advanced tech. Also to the best of my knowledge, all of the species in ST, which are shown in canon to have DNA are levo-amino acid based (like we are). edit: typo-acid based DNA is what I must have

Can we agree that if has two legs, two arms, a head and a body, it can inter-breed with Humans? And if anything can breed with Humans, that mean anything breeds can breed with anything! This was touched on in a New Generation episode wherein it is discovered that an ancient progenitor race had 'seeded' humanoid life throughout the galaxy. Yeah, it's well known limitation of what the Costume Department can come up with when using human actors in rubber suits.

They also both have nose ridges. That has to count for something.

I assume the genomes of the two species are known to medical science. If they were that closely related, surely Julian Bashirt or someone would have noted it. The similarity between the Vulcans and Romulans was noted many times. And oin Voyager, uncovering Seska's being a Cardassian would have been all that much harder if Cardiassians are really just a different type of Bajoran. I think it more likely that the spacefaring and stranded Bajorans taught the Cardassians their spirituality, art and culture. That would be in line with the will of the Prophets, who no doubt saw the eventual occupation of Bajor and that occupationn was needed for bajor's cultural development...so the Prophets influenced the Bajorians to build those solar sail vessels...

i would say that the bajorans influenced the ancient cardassians, a kind of erich von daniken thing. How ironic would it be if the ancient cardie religion worshiped ancient bajoran visitors.

The Voth being evolved from dinosaurs ties in with Doctor Who's Silurians and what we know of them.

*Gasp* Damar and especially Dukat are shocked.... Garek is smirking.... And the Obsidian Order would like word Lore...

Definitely a possibility. If you could get to other planets, there would be a shift. But it would take a while. it's fun to think about

That is what makes Star Trek great.

I see one big problem with this analysis: the ancient Bajorans traveled to Cardassia thousands, maybe tens of thousands of years prior. The kind of genetic drift to go from Bajoran to Cardassian would have taken millions of years. Now, the ancient Bajoran colonists interbreeding with the ancient Cardassians, spreading their DNA, culture, and religion, is very plausible over that time frame. That's close to Humans breeding Neanderthal out of existence. Or perhaps the Cardassians were another genesis on Bajor, and got ejected from the planet politically/culturally/spiritually.

Isn't there a source that says that the ancestor of Cardassians was a species of lizard found on Cardassia? I remember it being a line from a game when your science officer was talking about them.

I haven’t seen TNG in forever and without going through the entire series wouldn’t be able to pinpoint the scene and episode. But. IS that a Changeling/Founder, and/or even the same actress that plays the female Founder (main villain/leader/representative) of the Dominion, at the 3-minute point?! She looks, and even sounds, just like her! If so, that’s a really cool carry-over; like how Marc Alaimo plays the first Cardassian in TNG, to then play Dukat in DS9, or the same with Armin Shimmerman with Quark.

Coincidence. Bajoran lightships were only 800 years old or so when Sisko sailed to Cardassia. That's way too short a period for the Cardassians and Bajorans to differentiate so much.

Also, the relatively extreme differences could have been increased by founder effects from having a low starting population.

New head canon accepted.

I wonder if the bajoran settlers interbred with the First Hebitian civilization on Cardasia, that would account for the drastic change to their look.

Q why would two separate but near by star systems ( but only if you have a warp drive) have any relationship in their life forms? It's basically going to be a matter of random chance what evolves, unless both systems were seeded with the same life forms at an very early stage.

Im Convinced you deliberatly omitted the Son'a and the Backu... but yes Trek has a lot of this, it wouldnt surprise me.

The Reemens may also be Vulcuns as well

I actually believe it is the opposite. It's more plausible to believe the Bajoran's are an offshoot of Cardassia. My Evidence, somewhat circumstantial, based on observation: 1. Even if the Cardassians acknowledged that ancient Bajoran's were capable of FTL travel, this doesn't really diminish the idea that Cardassians had similar methods to get to neighboring planets. Even pre-occupation, Bajorans were about 150 years behind in technology compared to the major superpowers, whereas the cardassians were only about 50 years behind by TNG standards. They probably were faster innovators historically. These are strictly fan estimates based on the performance of Cardassian warships, and their limited Phaser bank technology. 2. This is just a personal gripe of mine, albeit a critque of the Cardassian designers, it seems rather odd, that if a species were to evolve from mammalians into humanoid lizards, wouldn't they lose their hair over the course of thousands of years of evolution? Even over the course of 200 years, we can see documented differences of human hand webbing receding, since in theory we evolved from basic sealife. It's more likely they began with that as an evolutionary adaptation based on their planet's environment after centuries of devlopment. As the environment changed from a rocky, heated Cardassia to a planet similar to earth such as bajor, isn't it plausible that these reptilians evolved into mammals similar to human? The Bajorans and Cardassians do have a defined head ridge feature in identical locations, the Bajoran's being different could be theirs receding after Thousands of years of adaptation.

Going along with your theory, I had my own that another race could have come from Bajor which was only seen in DS9, the Skreea. Just like your theory, it is all circumstantial, but it does fit the evidence presented in DS9, as these people only appeared on one episode.

It could be a reverse. The possible original Bajorans came back through the worm hole, (S02E10) could have been the original inhabitants before an exodus, those left behind had cross bred with Cardassians who came on the lightships. Those new Bajorans and Cardassians made the trip back and forth before a dark age happened and each civilization lost information and had to rediscover it over time.

Big brain.

I have a strong counter argument. In "Star Trek Insurrection," Dr. Crusher is able to take a DNA scan of a fallen Sona soldier and then compare it with the DNA of the Baku. She did this with little effort using a standard medical tricorder and no laboritory to analyze the results. The Sona had some sort of degenerative deisease and their appearances were deceiving, but they ARE Baku. Also, it could be safely assumed that by the events of TNG, someone had acquired Romulan DNA and was able to confirm in a published and peer reviewed paper that Romulans ARE Vulcans. I find it hard to believe that if Cardassians ARE Bajorans, that nobody has been able to prove that through DNA analysis.

"The Road Not Taken," by Harry Turtledove: Other civilizations develop space travel early on, but other science and tech doesn't proceed beyond Earth year 1700. Like those Bajoran ships?

maybe they have an even older common ancestor. each one is a colony of a now lost civilization that took different routes

One thing I think should be noted it the Bajoran and Cardassian being able to breed means nothing. We are led to believe because of Ambassador K'Ehleyr, Phlox, and Bashir make it sound difficult for two different species from having a baby. However, in those cases, it was the first known case of a hybrid. For Phlox he said it could be difficult for Humans and Vulcans to have children together when he examined Elizabeth but he had previously met a human/Vulcan in Lorain and we all know Spock. K'Ehleyr was the first Human/Klingon but then we are introduced to B'Elanna. Finally, Bashir was researching Klingon/Trill being able to have children but again he had met hybrids of Klingon/Trill in Brota. Also, let's not forget that Seska, a Cardassian, and Culluh, a Kazon, were able to have a child and it was very unlikely that they did anything medically to achieve this as Seska was trying to have Chakotay's baby.

Is there a date for when Bajorans achieved faster then light travel? Was there enough time for evolutionary pressures to create an entirely different species? Star Trek doesn’t seem to venture into those kind of time scales very often.

oh gods the voth.... see, when the voth were first introduced, my incredibly naive kid brain at the time was happy: i thought it was cool and that voyager could have this whole meaningful arc of reintroducing the voth back to earths culture and the federation was going to gain a powerful new ally in the form of a long lost earth colony. .. and that ultimately the humans and the voth could form one of the strongest bonds in the federation since they hail from the same world. they could have used the voth as a means of telling a story about how we should be accepting of our fellow sentients and be willing to cooperate with individuals even if their religious leanings dont coincide with our own. theres a lot of things my poor naive child mind at the time was hopeful for... and then they turned the voth into a deep set religious cult that was essentially a pseudo medieval christian style religious government and peoples that were completely intolerant of absolutely anyone or anything that they deemed through incredibly vague terms to be different than them and were weak minded and willed that the mere thought that humans couldve evolved on their homeworld scared them beyond all reason. and refused to touch upon them ever again... the voth had sooo much potential and sure my thoughts on it when that first episode with them was first aired was... incredibly naive and a bit shallow (i mean cmon, i was... what? 7?) you gotta admit that the way they handled them was horrible.

I wish they would bring DS9 back. It was the best show of all the series.

Maybe the Cardassians aren't the original Cardassians. They are the result of inter breeding of the original Cardassian race and Bajorian.

Kirk attempted to breed with nearly every alien woman he ever met. The real reason that Gorn attempted to kill Kirk, Kirk slept with the Gorn's wife during Kirk's last shore leave.

I think coincidence, unless the process of natural selection and evolution works differently in the Trek universe. Thousands of years just isn't enough for some of those physiological changes that are depicted.

Look Thals and Kaleds from Skaro, they Shared that world, prior to one becoming the Daleks, with Doctor Who Mondians (who would become Cybermen) and Earthlings (the Tenth Planet)

Late to the party, but what if the Bajoran flight to Cardassia wasn't the creation of a colony that would create an offshoot species but instead was a Q Who moment, where much as Q put the Federation on the radar screen of the Borg, a group of visitors from beyond the stars set the Cardassians on a course that would eventually lead to the Occupation and the strip-mining of Bajor for its resources?

Sad thing is it would also make a certain Gul’s storyline take on a whole new meaning with the Pal’Wraiths

Wood is not a horrible material for spacecraft, actually. Scientists are looking to make satellites now that largely involve specially-treated wood in their design. Communication signals can pass through wood as easily as visible light through glass instead of having to make a "window" in a metal frame and the wood could have adequate strength while being lighter (and thus MUCH cheaper to put in orbit). If you want to speculate whether wood could survive a warp jump without deflectors well....I doubt pre-warp metals would fare much better anyways.

Perhaps they were separate species on separate planets that were made compatible by the descendants of the ancient Bajoran astronauts and the native Cardassians interbreeding. Similar to how Valen made Humans and Minbari compatible.